ื“ื™ 3 ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ Wole Soyinka

ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ื‘ืขืจืจืึทืฉืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 2021 ื ืึธื‘ืขืœ ืคืจื™ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืืคืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ื’ื•ืจื ื”, ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืงืึธื ื˜ื™ื ืขื ื˜ ืฆื• ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืคึผืจืขืกื˜ื™ื“ื–ืฉืึทืก ื“ืขืจืงืขื ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช, Wole Soyinka. ื ื“ืจืึทืžืึทื˜ื•ืจื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคืึทืš ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืึท ืจืึธืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึทื˜ื™ืจืœืขืš ืกื™ื ืขืจื“ื–ืฉื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืฅ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœืŸ ืึธืŸ ื˜ืจืื›ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื˜ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืึธืคืคืขืจืก, ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืจ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึธื•ื–ื“ ืฆื• ืึทื ืคืึธืจืกื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ืจื ืก ืื•ืŸ ืื•ืžื’ืขืจื™ื›ื˜ ืกืฆืขื ืข ืขื ื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ.

Teniendo en este blog mayor querencia por la ficciรณn siempre tiraremos hacia la novela o el relato sin condicionantes de una estructura mรกs guionada, mรกs restringida por la imaginerรญa y por los ritmos de lo poรฉtico, o salida completamente de la ficciรณn. Lo digo porque la obra de Soyinka se mueve por el teatro pero tambiรฉn hacia el ensayo o la poesรญa. Aquรญ vamos a darle un repaso a esas tramas no pensadas para interpretar, sino para imaginarse cada lector habitando el alma de los personajes.

ืจืขืึทืœื™ื–ื ืื•ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืจืึธื ื™ืฉ ืคื™ืœืข ืžืึธืœ, ื™ืึธ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ื™ ืงื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืขื ื“ืึทื ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืขืขื ื™ืฉืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื’ืขืจื™ืึท ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืืคืจื™ืงืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื•ื™ืกืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื™ื‘ืขืจื™ืง ืึทืžื‘ื™ืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืืคืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ื“ื™ืงื˜ืึทื˜ืึธืจืฉื™ืคึผืก ืื™ื– ืขืคึผืขืก ื•ื™ืกืฉืœื™ืกื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ, ื‘ื™ื– ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืœืฅ ืกืคึผืœืึทืฉื™ื– ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืœืึธื•ืงื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืึทืจื•ื ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜.

Encontramos historias de corte รฉtnico, de crรญtica polรญtica y de gran visiรณn humanรญstica. Pero ademรกs, Soyinka muestra un รfrica necesaria para nuestro mundo. Porque, por raro que parezca, en las inercias actuales de occidente hay pecados aรบn no cometidos en ese tercer mundo que no lo es tanto en su concepciรณn de la vida. De hecho, alguna de las historias que nos cuenta Soyinka tiene ese punto de biografรญa transformadora, de un tiempo y un espacio donde el ser humano dispone de tan poco que puede acabar siendo mรกs feliz en la carencia de necesidades impostadasโ€ฆ

Top 3 ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ืจืืžืื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Wole Soyinka

ื˜ืฉืจืึธื ื™ืงืœืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืึทืคึผื™ืึทืกื˜ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“

ืกืึทื˜ื™ืจืข ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืึท ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื™ืึทื˜ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกื•ื™ื ืงืึท ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืงื•ื•ืึทืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœืขื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื‘ืจืขื ื’ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื ืขืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืฆื• ืจื•ื™ืข ืจื™ืึทืœืึทื˜ื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ืจื™ืœืขืจื™ื–ืึทื ืคื•ืŸ ืขืžืขืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึท ื‘ืขืœืขื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืฆื• ืคืึธืจืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืขืกื˜ื™ื–ืฉ, ืึทื– ืœืขืฆื˜ ืงื•ื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืžื›ืฉืฃ, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ืจื™ืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืกืคึผื™ื˜ืฉืœืึทืก ืื•ืŸ ืฉืึทืงื˜ ...

ื ืžืึธื“ื ืข ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืึธืœื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ืกืึทื˜ื™ืจืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงืึธืจื•ืคึผืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ืกื˜ืขืจื™ืข ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ืคืึธืจืขื. ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื•ื™ืกื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื ื™ื’ืขืจื™ืึท, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืขื ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืขืžืขืก, ืึท ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื–ืฉื•ืœื™ืง, ืคึผืจื™ื™ื“ื™ืงืขืจ, ืึทื ื˜ืจืึทืคึผืจืึทื ืขืจื– ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืœืึทื˜ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ื™ื“ื™ืงื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทื ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื’ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืึธืœืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืฉืคึผื™ื˜ืึธืœ.

ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธืงื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทื ื˜ืคึผืœืขืงื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืฉืึธื˜ื ื“ื™ืงืข ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜, ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื ืึธืขื ื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืจืฒึทื ื“, ื“ืขื ืžืึธื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืžืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื“, ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึผืึธื–ื™ืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึฟืึทืจืื™ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืข ืคึฟืขืœืงืขืจ. ืื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืืจื˜ื™ื™ื“ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื•ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืืœื“ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืงืœืืจ ืื– ื“ืขืจ ืฉื•ื ื ืื™ื– ืฉื˜ืืจืง, ืื•ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจื’ืขืฅ.

ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึธืœ ืึท ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœืขืจื™ืฉืข ืกืขื•ื“ื”, ืึท ืžืขืฉื‚ื” ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื™ื’ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืฉืึทืจืคึฟืข ืฉื™ืœื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงืึธืจื•ืคึผืฆื™ืข, ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ืงืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืกืึธื™ื™ื ืงืึท ืื™ืŸ ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืคึฟื•ืคึฟืฆื™ืง ื™ืึธืจ, ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึท ืฉืจืขืงืœืขื›ืขืจ ืจื•ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ืžืึธื•ื‘ื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ืงืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทื›ื˜ึพืึทื‘ื™ื•ื–ืŸ.

ื˜ืฉืจืึธื ื™ืงืœืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืึทืคึผื™ืึทืกื˜ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“

Akรฉ: ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืฉืึทืคื˜ ื™ืึธืจืŸ

ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ืคืึธืจื“ื–ืฉื“ ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืฉืึทืคื˜. ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืฉืึทืคื˜ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืึธืจืŸ, ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืื ื“ืŸ, ื‘ื™ืœื™ืคืก ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืคื•ื“ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื ืฉืžื”, ื–ื™ืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ื–ื•ื™ืขืจ. ืฆื• ืึธืคึผืฉืึทืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื ืฉืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืื™ื– ืคืึธืจื“ื–ืฉื“ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ, ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืฉืึทืคื˜. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ืœื™ืึทื ื˜ ื˜ื™ืคึผ ื•ื•ื™ ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืงืึท, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’.

Akรฉ. ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืฉืึทืคื˜ ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึธื™ื™ื ืงืึท ืก ืงื™ื ื“ืฉืึทืคื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื’ืขืจื™ืึทืŸ ื“ืึธืจืฃ ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ Akรฉ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืึทืจื•ื ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืžืœื—ืžื”. ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื•ื•ืืงืกื˜ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืœืข, ืึท ื™ื™ื ื’ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื ืคืึทื ืึทื˜ ื ื™ื™ึทื’ืขืจื™ืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ืึท ืœื™ื‘ื”ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื ืข ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจื•ื ื’, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืึธืคึผืœ ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื‘ ืœื•ืคื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืืœื˜ืข ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื˜ืจืื“ื™ืฆื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืึธื•ื‘ืึท. ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ืงืข ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ืง ืึทืจื•ื™ืกืจื•ืคึฟืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืึทื ื“ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ืŸ, ืงืœืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจืึธืžืึท, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคึฟืึธืจืžื™ืจื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืกื•ื™ื ืงืข, ื ืขืžื˜ ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ ืึท ืฉื™ื™ื ืข, ืœื™ืจื™ืฉืข ืคึฟืึธืจืขื, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืœืึธื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื”ื•ืžืึธืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึธืคึฟื ื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืืฒึทื ื–ื™ื›ื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ืงื™ื ื“ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืง.

ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื›ืึทืึธืก

ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื‘ืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืืจื™ืฉืข ื•ื•ืขืจืง ืื™ืŸ ืืคืจื™ืงืข. ืขืก ืคืึธื•ืงื™ืกื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืขื˜ื ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื’ื™ืึธื ืึทืœ ืคึผืึธืœื™ื˜ื™ืง, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื“ืึธืจื‘ืŸ ืžื™ืœื™ื˜ืขืจื™ืฉ ืงืึทื ืกืคึผื™ืจืึทืกื™ื– ืึทื– ืึทื ืคืึธื•ืœื“ ืื™ืŸ ืึทื– ื•ืžืจื•ื™ืง ืœืึทื ื“, ื›ื™ื™ืคึผืขื˜ื™ืงืึทืœื™ ื ื™ื’ืขืจื™ืึท. ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื’ื•ืžืขื ื˜ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืขื“ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืึทืคื˜ืœืขืš ืจื™ื“ื–ืฉืขื ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ.

ื“ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ื“ืขืคื™ื ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ื–ืขืื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื˜ืึทืจื™ื–ืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืืคืจื™ืงืข. ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืึท ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืึทืคื˜ืœืขืš ืจื™ืงืึทื ืกื˜ืจืึทืงืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงืึธื ื˜ืขืงืกื˜ ืกืึทืคืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ื‘ืึทืคืึทืœืขืจื™ืฉ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜? ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ืงืขื ื˜ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขืจืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืคึผืึทื ื•ื ื’ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื’ื•ื•ืึทืœื“ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜-ื’ื•ื•ืึทืœื“, ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธืœืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื–ื ืงืขื’ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื”ืขืœื“ื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข. ??

ืกืขื–ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื ืึธืžื™ ?? ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึฟืึทืจืงืฑืคึฟื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืึทืŸ ืื•ื˜ืึธืคึผื™ืฉืข ืฐืขืœื˜, ืื™ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉืคึผืจืฒื˜ืŸ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืงืขืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึธื ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ื•ื ื’, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื ืœืึทืกืœื™ ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ืžืจืขื›ื˜ ืึธืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ืžืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื™ื™ื˜. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื”ื™ืฆื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ืจื•ืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ื‘ื•ืš, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ื›ึผื•ืœืœ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืกื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืืœืฅ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ. ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืงื ืคืืจืžืื’ื˜ ื ื”ื•ื™ื›ืข ืงืขื ื˜ืขื ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืึธืœืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜.

ืงื•ืจืก ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ

ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’

ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืงื™ืกืžืขื˜ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืกืคึผืึทื. ืœืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืขื ื˜ืึทืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืข ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื˜.