ื“ื™ 3 ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ Theodor Kallifatides

ืงืึทืœืœื™ืคืึทื˜ื™ื“ืขืก ืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ื™ืžื“ ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ. ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธืง ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืขืคืขืจื™ืฉ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืคึผืจืึทื˜ืึทื“ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืคื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ืกื ื“ื™ืง ืกื™ื’ื ืึทืœ, ืขืงืกืึธื’ืขื ืึธื•ืก, ื•ื•ื™ ืขืคึผืขืก ืกื•ืคึผืขืจื•ื•ืึทื ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืจืึทืฉื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜. ืื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื™ื›ื™ืฉ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื›ื ืœืื ื“, ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ืžืขืจ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึธืจืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ, ืึทื– ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ืžืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธืžื•ื ื™ืงืึทืฆื™ืข, ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื•ื•ืขื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ืกื™ืข ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ื“ื•ืจื•ืช. ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืŸ ืึทืจื’ื•ืžืขื ื˜ ืฆื• ืฆืขืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ ืึท ืงืขื’ื ืขืจ ืึธืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืคืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืžืึทื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกืึทืคื™ืกื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ.

ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทืžืึธืงืœืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ืคื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืืคื™ืœื• ื•ื•ืขืงืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทืœืึทืก ื‘ืจืขื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื‘ืขื˜. ื ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜ ืœืขื’ืึทื˜ ืึทื– ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ื™ืœืึทืกื˜ืจื™ืึทืก ื’ืจื™ื›ื™ืฉ ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืคึผืขื˜ืจืึธืก ืžืึทืจืงืึทืจื™ืก ืคื™ืฅ ื•ื•ืึทื ื“ืขืจืคืึทืœื™ ืจืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ืงืขืจืึทื ืฅ, ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ืจืืžืื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืึธืŸ ืคื™ืœ ืจื•ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืื“ื™ืฆื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžื™ืŸ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ Kallifatides ื”ืืœื˜ ื ืึธืš ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื“ื™ืœืขืžื– ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื’ืขืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืžืขืจื‘ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ.

ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ืึท ื˜ื™ืฃ, ื˜ื™ืฃ, ืึธื ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืขืงืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื˜ื™ืึทืœื™ืกื˜ ืงืึทืœืœื™ืคืึทื˜ื™ื“ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ืกื™ื™ื“ื– ืฆื• ื“ืจื™ื™ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื™ืงืกืคึผื™ืจื™ืึทื ืกื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ื’ืจื™ื›ื™ืฉ, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึทื ื™ื•ื•ืขืกื“ื™ืง. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืžื™ืจ ืึทืœืข ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืคืึทืจื”ื™ื˜ืŸ.

Top 3 ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ืจืืžืื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Theodor Kallifatides

ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืœืขื‘ืŸ

ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืึทื ื™ื•ื•ืขืกื“ื™ืง ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืš ืึทืžืึธืœ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื ืขืคื™ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืขืจื“ืœ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึธืคึผื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ืึท ืœืขื‘ืŸ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืงืึทืœืœื™ืคืึทื˜ื™ื“ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื“ื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื™ื’ื–ืึธืกื˜ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจื™ื˜ืฉืึทื– ืื•ื ื“ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ื• ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืกืœื™ืคึผืก ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื˜ ื˜ื™ื ื˜. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื™ืึธ, ืงืึทืœืœื™ืคืึทื˜ื™ื“ืขืก, ืืคื™ืœื• ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืขืคื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขืœืึทื ื˜ืฉืึธืœื™ืง ื“ืขืงืึทื“ืขื ืกืข, ื“ื™ ืžื™ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืžืื›ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ.

"ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื ืึธืš XNUMX ื™ืึธืจ," ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื‘ืขืฆื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื‘ืขืฆื™ืง, ืืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ, ื˜ื”ืขืึธื“ืึธืจ ืงืึทืœืœื™ืคืึทื˜ื™ื“ืขืก ืžืื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืฉืœื•ืก ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึธืงื›ืึธืœื ืกื˜ื•ื“ื™ืึธ, ื•ื•ื• ืขืจ ื’ืขืืจื‘ืขื˜ ืคืœื™ื™ืกื™ืง ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืงืึทื“ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืฆื™ืขื  ื–ื™ืš.

ืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ, ืขืจ ื˜ืจืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื– ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืŸ ื’ืจื™ื›ื ืœืื ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธืคืขื ื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ืคืœื•ืึทื ืกื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืงืกื˜, Kallifatides ื™ืงืกืคึผืœืึธืจื– ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืžื™ื ื™ื ื’ืคืึทืœ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื ื™ื ื’ืคืึทืœ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืฉืึธืœืขืž ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื™ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื’.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืš ืึทื“ืจืขืกื– ื˜ืจืึทื‘ืึทืœื™ื ื’ ื˜ืจืขื ื“ืก ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ืื™ื™ืจืึธืคึผืข, ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืจืขืœื™ื’ื™ืขื– ื™ื ื˜ืึทืœืขืจืึทื ืก ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ื˜ื™-ื™ืžื™ื’ืจืึทื ื˜ ืคืึธืจื•ืจื˜ืœ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื”ืึธื•ืกื™ื ื’ ืงืจื™ื–ื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจื™ืงืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื˜ืขืจื“ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื™ื‘ื˜ ื’ืจื™ื›ื ืœืื ื“. Kallifatides ืึธืคืคืขืจืก ืึท ื˜ื™ืฃ, ืฉืคึผื™ืจืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืขื ื’ื™ื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื’ ืงืœืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜.

ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืœืขื‘ืŸ

ื“ื™ ืกื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื•ื™

ื“ื™ ืœื™ืจื™ืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทืœื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืืœื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ื“ื™ ืขืคึผืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื“ืขืžื™ื’ืึธื“ืก ื“ื•ืจืš ืคึผืจืึธื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื”ืขืœื“ื™ืงืก. ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืึทื“ืึธื•ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืงื•ืงืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืก ืฆื• ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื”ืึธืคืขื ื•ื ื’ ...

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื™ื ืกื™ื™ื˜ืคืึทืœ ื‘ืึทืจื™ื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืœื™ืึทื“, ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ ื’ืจื™ื›ื™ืฉ ืœืขืจืขืจ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื™ื™ึทื‘ื™ืง ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืึธืก ืฆื• ื”ืขืœืคึฟืŸ ืื™ืจ ืกื˜ื•ื“ืขื ื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื”ืึทื ื“ืœืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืจืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื ืึทืฆื™ ืคืึทืš. ื‘ืึธืžื‘ืก ืคืึทืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื’ืจื™ื›ื™ืฉ ื“ืึธืจืฃ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืœืขืจืขืจ ื ืขืžื˜ ืื™ืจ ืกื˜ื•ื“ืขื ื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ืึท ื”ื™ื™ืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื‘ืึทืฉื™ืฆืŸ.

ืขืก ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืกื™ื“ื–ืฉื“ ื˜ืจื•ื™. ื˜ืึธื’ ื ืึธืš ื˜ืึธื’ ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื›ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืจืฉื˜, ื”ื™ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธืžืขืงื ื™ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืงืขื’ื ืขืจืก ืคึผื ื™ื: ืึทืจืžื™ื™ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืึทืจืžื™ื™, ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ. ื”ืขืœืžืขืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื ื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง, ืงืขืค ืคืœื™ืขืŸ, ื‘ืœื•ื˜ ืคืœืึธื•ื–.

ืื™ืฆื˜ ื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืฅ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื’ืจื™ื›ื ืœืื ื“, ื“ื™ ืึทืจืžื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืึทืฆื™ ื“ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉืœืึทื ื“. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื›ืึธืจืขืจื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ. Theodor Kallifatides ืคึผืจืึธื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืก ืžืขืจืงื•ื•ื™ืจื“ื™ืง ืคืกื™ื›ืืœืื’ื™ืฉืŸ ื™ื ืกื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธื“ืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื™ืœื™ืึทื“, ื“ืึทื•ื ืคึผืœื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื’ืขื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืœื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื™ื ื“ืกืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ื™ืง ื”ืขืœื“ืŸ.

ื”ืึธืžืขืจ ืก ืขืคึผืึธืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ืื ื™ื™ื˜ ืขืจื“ื–ืฉืึทื ืกื™ ืึทื– ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ื’ืขืฉืขืขื ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืขืจืกื˜ื›ืึทื ื“, ืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืง ื˜ืจื•ื˜ืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึทืจื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืœื—ืžื” ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ืœ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ.

ื“ื™ ืกื™ื“ื–ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื•ื™

ืžื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืŸ

ืื™ืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื›ืฆื™ืง, ื˜ื”ืขืึธื“ืึธืจ ืงืึทืœืœื™ืคืึทื˜ื™ื“ืขืก, ืขืงืกื™ื™ืœื“ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืจ ื™ืึธืจืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ื ื’, ื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ืฅ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึทื ืฆื™ืง, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืืœื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทื˜ื”ืขื ืก. ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ื ืงืึทื•ื ื˜ืขืจื–.

ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืš ื–ื™ื™ ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ื–ืึทืš ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขื ื“ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื™ึทื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืื˜ืขืจ, ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ื˜ื”ืขืึธื“ืึธืจ ืื™ื– ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืœื™ื ืงืก ืื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ืขื ืฅ, ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื’ืจื™ื›ื™ืฉ ื’ืœื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืจืงื™ื™, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ืึทืฆื™ ื˜ื•ืจืžืข ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื™ึทื“ื ืฉืึทืคื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ. ื“ื™ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ twentieth ื™ืึธืจื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื•ืš ืื™ื– ื‘ืคึฟืจื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ื•ื ื“ืขืจืœืขืš ืฆื™ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืœื™ื‘ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึท ืžื•ื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ืงืึทืœืœื™ืคืึทื˜ื™ื“ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื™ืžื‘ืึทื“ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืึทื ืคืขืจื’ืขื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื•ื•ืขื’, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืึท ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ืืžืช ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืœืขื‘ืŸ.

ืžื•ื˜ืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืŸ
5/5 - (12 ื•ื•ืึธื•ืฅ)

1 ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ "ื“ื™ 3 ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ Theodor Kallifatides"

  1. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื™ื›ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื˜ืืจื™ืฉืŸ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ "ื˜ื™ืžืึทื ื“ืจืึท".

    ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ

ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’

ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืงื™ืกืžืขื˜ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืกืคึผืึทื. ืœืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืขื ื˜ืึทืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืข ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื˜.