I-idealism ezinikele kakhulu kumuntu, lapho uSartre abambe iqhaza, ihlale iqondiswe kwesokunxele, maqondana nenhlalonhle, ekuvikelweni kombuso. Ngokwengxenye ekuphenduleni isakhamuzi kodwa naphezu kokweqisa kwemakethe leyo, ekhululiwe kubo bonke ubuhlobo, igcina ibeke umkhawulo ekufinyeleleni ingcebo. Ukube imakethe ibivunyelwe yonke into, izogcina izidlile yona, lokho kusobala kulo mkhuba wamanje.
Iphuzu liwukuthi ngokomlando ubukhomanisi njengesixazululo sokungenelela soMbuso abuzange buyithole intuthuko efanelekile eyayifunwa, ngokuphambene nalokho. Noma kunjalo, u-Sartre wayengomunye walabo abafaneleka kahle. Ngoba ubukhona bakhe bokwenziwa ukulandisa kwakusekelwe ekuhlukaniseni okuvela ezifisweni ezingalawuleki zomhlaba eziqhubekela phambili kunxiwankulu olungalawuleki esihlala kulo manje. Futhi-ke ukulangazelela i-utopia kwaba, futhi impela, isixazululo kuphela.
Ukuba ngumcabango ongcono ngalo mqondo nokuba yisidalwa ngenxa yokukholelwa kwefilosofi kwamholela UJean Paul Sartre (nanoma ngabe ngubani umkakhe USimone de Beauvior), ezincwadini ezicishe zenzeke njengomsebenzi wokuqwashisa nakwezinye izinhlobo zeziphakamiso ezixoxwayo ezifana nendatshana. Ngandlela thize, ukubhala kwezama ukunxephezela ukuguga okuza neziqhwaga ezilwa ngamandla, isibindi nobungqabavu. I-Existentialism ekubhaleni ngokuqinile nokuzibophezela kanye nokubhikisha kunoma iyiphi enye indawo yokubhala, phakathi kwezenhlalakahle kanye nefilosofi.
Ukuba khona kanye nokungabi nalutho cishe kungokwakho sebenza ngephimbo lefilosofi eligqame kakhulu, ngendaba yomphakathi yaseYurophu yacekelwa phansi ngemva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili. Incwadi ebalulekile ka-genius Sartre eyondla ongqondongqondo kodwa nababhali. Indlela yokudlulisa umhlaba (noma okwakusele kuwo), okwasebenza njengesifundo se-anthropological, kodwa futhi okwaba umthombo wendaba eseduze yezindaba eziningi ezingaphakathi zalabo abahluliwe empini (okungukuthi, kubo bonke. wabo).
Amanoveli aphezulu anconyiwe angu-3 nguJean-Paul Sartre
Isicanucanu
Ukususa inoveli kulesi sihloko sekuvele kulindele ukuvela kwesifo somuntu othile, ukuphazanyiswa kwe-visceral kokungajabuli. Ukuze sibe khona, sibe khona, siyini? Le akuyona imibuzo ephonswa ezinkanyezini ngobusuku obucacile obumnandi.
Umbuzo ungena ngaphakathi, maqondana nalokho thina ngokwethu esingakubheka esibhakabhakeni esimnyama somphefumulo. U-Antoine Roquetin, umlingiswa ophambili wale noveli akazi ukuthi ufaka lo mbuzo ocashile, ophoqayo ukuthi uziphimise ngemibuzo yawo esindayo. U-Antoine uyaqhubeka nokuphila kwakhe, ama-vicissitudes akhe njengomlobi nomcwaningi. I-nausea yileso sikhathi esibucayi lapho kuphakama khona umbuzo wokuthi ngabe siyinto eyisisekelo, ngaphezu kwemikhuba yethu kanye nokuthambekela kwethu.
Umbhali ka-Antoine ube eseba ngu-Antoine isazi sefilosofi esifuna impendulo futhi esinemizwa yokulinganiselwa kepha yokungapheli, ukudangala kanye nesidingo senjabulo.
Ukuhlanza kungalawulwa ngaphambi kwesiyezi sokuphila, kepha imiphumela yaso ihlala ... Lokhu kuyinoveli yakhe yokuqala, kepha sekuvele eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu, kuyaqondakala ukuthi ukuvuthwa kwe-thematic, isazi sefilosofi besikhula, ukungajabuli komphakathi nakho kwanda, ubukhona babubonakala umane ulahlwe. I-aftertaste ethile Nietzsche Kulandela kulokhu kufundwa.
I-The Paths of Freedom trilogy
Ngokubona kwami, amayunithi ambalwa wevolumu yombhalo ayadingana njengoba kwenzeka kule trilogy. Izwe lahamba ngokwesaba ukubhujiswa kwalo ngokuphelele.
Amabhomu e-athomu ayesevele eyivulile indlela. Inkanuko yempi yafihlwa umbono wokugcina wokusinda kohlobo.
Impi yamakhaza yenziwa. Iyiphi inkululeko engaba khona ngaleso sikhathi? "Ithuba Lokugcina", "Ukuhlehliswa" kanye "Nokufa Emphefumulweni" banesibopho sokubuyisela ingqikithi kumuntu ongaphansi kweminyaka yokwesaba. Ngaleyo minyaka, inkululeko yayizwakala njengento engavamile, kwabathandwa kakhulu kuphela.
Ubukhona nenjabulo, imiqondo ephikisana cishe ethola kulo msebenzi indawo yokuhlangana (hhayi ukuphilisana). I-Europe, izakhamuzi zakhona kufanele ziphinde zifunde ukuphila ngokukhululeka ukuze ziphinde zikwazi ukubona amazwibela enjabulo.
Ngemuva kweminyango evaliwe
Yini ebingaba khona ngokungabikhona kwemibono yasendulo kaNkulunkulu noDeveli. Isihloko uSartre asithintayo nakwezinye izincwadi.
Mayelana nalo mdlalo, silandela abalingiswa abathathu abagwetshelwe esihogweni. Ngezinye izikhathi, uSartre ubona isihogo njengoMhlaba ngokwawo. Izwe lapho singeke sazi lonke iqiniso, eligcwele ithunzi nokulinganiselwa kokucabanga, libonakala linjengesihogo esibi kakhulu. Isiphakamiso, ngenxa yengxoxo yetiyetha uqobo, sikhanyisa kakhulu imibono esindayo ngekusasa lethu nesiphetho sethu sokugcina.
Ukuzijabulisa okukhona okukhona ngokuthambekela okuhle, okudabukisayo ... umsebenzi ophelele impela. Ukufunda indawo yaseshashalazini kungahlala kuhle, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zababhali abadlula kakhulu abanjengoSartre. Kunconyelwe ukuqala ngobuhlakani.
