Intatheli kunye nentombi yonozakuzaku, UIsabel San Sebastian wabelana nge-casuistry efanayo yokubhala kunye nomnye umbhali, UCarmen Posadas. Kwaye kukuba ukuzalwa sele uhamba kwelinye icala lehlabathi, phantsi kweambrela yeofisi yomzali embindini womsebenzi wozakuzo, uhlala etyebisa kwaye angaphela efumanisa ukutyhilwa kombalisi okanye umbalisi onokwazi ukuxabisa kakhulu Iimpawu ezinomdla malunga nehlabathi elinokutshintsha ukusuka kwiminyaka yobudala.
Kwimeko Isabel San Sebastian, Ukuzinikela kwakhe kuncwadi kwabelwana ngako ngomsebenzi ovelisa iziqhamo njengentatheli, ngakumbi njengombhali wemihlathi kunye nomsasazi. Kwaye sonke siyayazi loo nto yokuchaphazeleka apho le ntatheli inika ingxelo ngayo kwezentlalo okanye kwezopolitiko.
Umnqweno wokuba, ngaphaya komthendeleko okanye ukungavumelani ngokupheleleyo nezimvo zakhe, unike umzekelo olungileyo wophawu olubalulekileyo, wentando eqaqambileyo yokunikezela umbono wakhe ngeziganeko ezibalulekileyo zemihla yethu.
Ukugxekwa yenye yezinto ezibizwa ngokuba "ngumthi wombhali." Ukuxelela into, ukubalisa ibali, kufuneka sisoloko sifumana uphawu olusinyanzelayo ukuba sibhale, senze inoveli igcwele isixa sokuthotyelwa kwabalinganiswa ekufuneka ekugxekeni, ngokungalindelekanga ngamanye amaxesha, ngokungummangaliso ngabantu kunye nokuphikisana kwabo kwi-tow. .
Lo mbhali ubhale iincwadi zezentlalo okanye ezopolitiko kunye neenoveli zembali eziya ziqatshelwa ngabafundi bakhe. Siya apho ngeyona peni yakhe intle ...
Iincwadana ezi-3 eziphezulu ezicetyiswayo ngu-Isabel San Sebastián
I-Astur
Ihlelwe ngo-2009 kwaye yaphinda yakhutshwa ngo-2022 ukuba ibe ludumo oludumileyo. Elinye lala mabali okuqalisa malunga nekamva lePeninsula yase-Iberia. Kuba ewe, iSpain yakudala ayindala kangako ijonge ngasemva. Nokuba kuncinci kufana nobunye kwindalo yonke ukuba amazwe asekhaya kwelinye icala okanye elinye avuse. Ayiyiyo iJamani okanye iFransi. Izizwe ziyakha kwaye into eseleyo sisimbuku sabantu bazo kunye nokuthanda ukuhlala kunye ukuze kufumaneke okulungileyo kwi-synthesis. Namhlanje ukwahlukana kukhuthaza intiyo. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, abantu base-Iberia bafuna umanyano ukuba lube namandla ...
Ngobusuku obungenanyanga, ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, u-Huma wazalwa eBukumkanini base-Asturias, intombi kunye nendlalifa yodwa yomfundisikazi wenqaba yaseCoaña, ephawulwe ngesiprofeto kunye nesiqalekiso. Ngelo xesha, e-Recópolis, ehlala amaSulumane, i-Ickila encinci iphupha ukufudukela ngasenyakatho kunye nokujoyina amaKristu ekulweni kwabo neSaracens elawula phantse yonke i-peninsula. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, xa emva kwengxabano ejongene nokuthunjwa, unquma ukufuna ubutyebi bakhe kwelinye icala leentaba, apho iNkosana uAlfonso ikhokela umkhosi wama-Asturians, amaCantabrians kunye namaGoths azimisele ukuxhathisa ngaphandle kokungenisa okanye ukuhlawula irhafu.
I-Fate iluka imicu ukuze idibanise uHuma kunye no-Ickila, abantu baseVisigothic kunye ne-Asturian, kumabali amabini adibeneyo enza enye ngokwenene. U-Isabel San Sebastián uyila e-Astur imbali enomtsalane apho imbali kunye nentsomi zihambisa umfundi entliziyweni ye-epic enika umdla.
Ubukumkani obukude
UbuKristu kunye nomzabalazo wabo ongapheliyo we-hegemony yehlabathi elaziwayo. Sibuyele emva kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithathu naphakathi kweemeko zomnqamlezo ezazikhokelwa nguPopu esemsebenzini kwaye zaxhaswa nayiphina inkosi okanye inene elalifuna ukufumana izibonelelo, ukubalasela kwezivumelwano kunye nezinye iinzuzo ezinkulu, kulapho sidibana khona nabakhweli IGualterio, wafuduswa kude kube yiYerusalem ekude ukusuka kwiBarbastro yayo yoqobo.
Uloyiso lwendawo ekude empuma ayisiyonto ilula ngexesha apho amaMongol abonwa njengabantu abathanda imfazwe. Xa uGualterio kunye nonyana wakhe uGuillermo bebanjiwe, ikamva labo libonakala liphawulwe ngesishwankathelo sobulungisa kunye nokufa.
Kodwa abalindeleyo ekugqibeleni bubukhoboka. AmaMongol aqonda ukuba ukubakho kwabasebenzi kufunyenwe ngqo kutshaba yinto enokwenzeka. Kwaye ke bahlala bengutata nonyana, bephila kakubi amashumi eminyaka. Nangona uGuillermo, esemncinci, eqala ukuqonda izimvo kunye neenkolelo zeli hlabathi litsha njengezakhe.
Ukubuyela ekhaya ngethamsanqa kuya kubangela ungquzulwano olukhulu. Umfazi nomama uBraira, naye onyamezele ukuphulukana ngamadoda akhe amabini, uya kufumanisa ukuba akukho nto iya kuphinda ifane...
Into yokugqibela amehlo akho aya kuyibona
Ukudibanisa iintlobo ezimbini zembali njengangoku njengembali yamabali kunye nemincili inokuba yimpumelelo ukuba ekugqibeleni ibali liyila ibali elixhasayo, elinamandla kunye nelinokulinganisela.
Umzobo owenziwe ngu-El Greco oya kwifandesi kunye nobungqina bomnini wayo ongcono kakhulu. Umthengisi uCarolina Valdés uzifumana ebandakanyeka kukhangelo lwenyaniso, enye yezo nyaniso zingathandekiyo ezinxibelelana neentsuku ezimnyama zokuphangwa kwamaNazi kwaye zilandelela indaleko engaqhelekanga phakathi kwexesha elidlulileyo nelikhoyo.
Ingxaki kukuba oku kudlulileyo, ukongeza ekuphangeni kunye nolwaphulo mthetho esele lwaziwa lobuNazi, lufihla ezinye iimfihlo ezininzi ezibaluleke kakhulu kwaye ezinokuthi zibeke abachasi kwinoveli emngciphekweni.
Ezinye iincwadi ezicetyiswa ngu-Isabel San Sebastián…
I daredevil
Kuhlala kukho amabali amahle okuphuhlisa kunye naloo mbono "iyimfuneko" yentsomi. Ngenxa yokungabikho kweenkcukacha ezithe kratya zokufumana umlinganiswa wangoku wembali, umbalisi wembali yamabali angeyonyani kufuneka ahlolisise imeko elusizi yokuchazwa kwengxelo esemthethweni. Kwaye kunye nayo, thambisa abafundi abanomdla.
Ngenkulungwane ye-12, uBukumkani baseLeón. Embindini we-Almoravid ekhubekisayo, kunye nobuKristu obuvaliweyo, u-Urraca, intombi ka-Alfonso VI kunye nendlalifa esemthethweni kwitrone yaseLeonese, utshata no-Alfonso I waseAragon, ezalisekisa umyolelo wokugqibela kayise osandul' ukusweleka. Loo “mitshato igwetyiweyo” ivula umlo omkhulu phakathi kwenkosi kunye nomyeni wakhe, uMlo, ozimisele ukurhwaphiliza isithsaba ukuze asebenzise amandla afanele ukuba ngawakhe.
Ixelelwe ngamehlo kaMuniadona, isicakakazi sakhe esisondeleyo, le noveli iphinda iphinda ichaze ubomi obuneziganeko zokumkanikazi wokuqala waseSpain naseYurophu, umfazi waxhatshazwa waze wadlwengulwa, kodwa akazange oyiswe, owanyanzelwa ukuba ajongane nomyeni wakhe, kunyana wakhe kunye nonyana wakhe. lonke ucalucalulo lwexesha lakhe lokudlala indima eyabelwa yimbali, ngokufuthi enxibe intsimbi.
Umnini
Unyaka we-1069 weNkosi yethu. AmaKristu kunye namaSilamsi alwa umzabalazo ongenalusini e-Hispania, ahlulahlulwe abe zizikumkani kunye nezizwe ezitshatyalaliswe ziingxabano zangaphakathi. Kweli hlabathi likhohlakeleyo, u-Auriola ubalisela umzukulwana wakhe u-Diego izenzo zikayisemkhulu u-Ramiro, i-knight yomda owawa ekulweni enkonzweni yokumkani wakhe, ngelixa eyedwa ekhusela umhlaba owaphumelela umyeni wakhe ngekrele. Umakhulu kunye nomzukulwana kufuneka basinde kwiimfazwe zobudlelwane phakathi kweNavarra, León kunye neCastile, basindise ilifa losapho kwaye bamelane nohlaselo olukhohlakeleyo lwe-Almoravids.
Ukongeza kumsebenzi obonisa kubo bonke ubukrwada kunye nokuthabatheka kwayo ixesha eliqinisekileyo eSpain, Umnini Libali elinovakalelo elifikelela entliziyweni kwaye lisibonisa indlela iingxabano ezinkulu zembali ezichaphazela ngayo amawaka amabali angaziwa abhalwe ngegazi kunye nokubila.
Umhambi
Incwadana eshwankathela ezimbini ezidlulileyo. Imbali yamaxesha aphakathi, kuphela kwiinkulungwane ezimnyama zamaxesha aphezulu aphakathi kunye neemfihlakalo zala maxesha amnyama.
Inkolo yamaKatolika nemifuziselo yakudala. USantiago kunye nohambo lwakhe oluyimfihlakalo. Ukuhlala kwakhe njengokufumanisa ukuba sele ngonyaka we-827 inokuba lilonke iyelenqe apho ookumkani, izidwangube kunye namajoni babandakanyeka khona.
Indima ebalulekileyo ka-Alana njengowona mqondiso wokugqibela wendlela ethathwe kwiinkulungwane nakwiinkulungwane zizigidi nezigidi zabahambahambayo. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo inoveli malunga neziseko zobuKristu ...
