Umbhali UJohn edward williams ngomnye ngakumbi kushwankathelo lwemizekelo yababhali abafumana ubizo xelela amabali ngokusuka kumava. Kwaye ngababhali abaphela besiba ziivesi zasimahla abazibhalayo xa bafuna kunye nendlela abafuna ngayo.
Masithi xa eUnited States into eyayidumile kwiminyaka yamashumi amahlanu kunye namashumi amathandathu enkulungwane yama-20 yayifundwa. Isizukulwana sokubetha, (olo ncwadi lukhangela i-hedonism, ngokuhambelana nobunyani obungcolileyo be Bukowski nendlalifa kwisizukulwana esilahlekileyo se Hemingway o Isikhangeli), Abanye ababhali bathanda Truman Capote okanye uWilliams ngokwakhe wathetha ngento yokubhala eyenzele yona, ukunciphisa okanye ukuhambisa amava, ukubonakala okanye izimvo.
Kwaye ke, UJohn Edward Williams uchaze iindlela ukusuka emncinci kakhulu, kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe okungahambi kakuhle kunye nokudibana nenqanaba lomkhosi njengokuphela kwendlela yokuzama ukujamelana naloo mkhwa wokungena ukuze uzame ukwenza inkwenkwe ibe yindoda.
Ngaphandle kokuba ndazi ngokupheleleyo ukuba oko kwenzelwe ukwenza umntu omkhulu ukuba abe nako, kuyanciphisa ukujija komlobi wombhali. Phakathi kweendawo zakhe ezikude njengesajini, wachaza amabali akhe okuqala. Ukubuya kwakhe, uJohn Edward wazinika ithuba elitsha lokuba abe nguGqirha weeNcwadi zesiNgesi.
Su Iincwadi zamabali angeyonyani Ayinabala kakhulu. Kodwa nganye inoveli yakhe iyindlela eya kwimfezeko. Ukwenyani, intsomi yembali okanye i-anthropological existentialism. Kuhlala kuvuyisa ukufunda nayiphi na yeencwadi zakhe ukufumanisa ukuzibophelela okunzulu koncwadi, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, le ndinyana ixengaxengayo kwimbali yoncwadi.
Iinoveli ezi-3 eziphezulu eziCetyiswayo nguJohn Edward Williams
Stoner
Akukho mathandabuzo okuba ukwenza lula kuba mnandi ngakumbi xa ubani engqingwe yingxolo eqhelekileyo, iingoma eziphakamileyo okanye isibhobhobhobho esibalisayo. Kwaye le yinoveli enesicwangciso esilula. Kodwa ngobo buhle obugqiba ukunika amaphiko kwi-existentialism ephantsi kobomi bemihla ngemihla.
Ukudibana noWilliam Stoner kukujongana nezona zichaphazelekayo kwaye kwangaxeshanye zezona zigqibo zibalaseleyo. UWilliam Stoner usikhokela ebomini bakhe ngokungathi kolo hambo ikamva lethu lalicacisiwe kwaye umthwalo wobutyala ogqibela ngokulayishwa kuyo yonke imithwalo ebalulekileyo.
Kodwa nakwezo nkcukacha zemihla ngemihla kukho ukomelela okuninzi, lokoyisa elona lishwa lilishwa lokuba akukho nto iyavakala okanye mandithi akukho nto isezandleni zethu xa sikhethe ukhetho. U-Stoner kunye nomtshato wakhe ongaphumelelanga, u-Stoner kunye nomnqweno wakhe weyunivesithi awayethunyelwe nguyise ngokulangazelela ukubuya kwakhe kungekudala. Akusoze kube lula ukufumana ukuzola okunqwenelekayo kubo bonke ubomi.
Kodwa phakathi kwezaqhwithi ezibonakala ngaphezulu kolwandle lukaStoner siphelela ekufumaneni ivumba elifanayo lokufuma elisondelayo kuthi, imvakalelo efanayo yamathontsi aqala ukumanzisa ihempe lethu nje ngaphambi kokuba lifakwe kubunyani obungena kuthi kubunzulu.
Ukunqumla unosilarha
I-Amerika yaseMelika yayihlala embindini wenkulungwane ye-XNUMX inkqubo yobukoloniyali basendle ngandlel 'ithile ibisoloko isenziwa okanye ikwathetheleleka kwi-cinema yasentshona.
Uncwadi nalo lwenze okufanayo, lwalatha ukufika kwelinye icala laseMelika njengenkqubo eyimfuneko. Kodwa kule meko, uWilliams uyasinda kwezi zicwangciso kwaye asebenzise ithuba lendawo ekhululekileyo kwindlela yokuphila yaseNtshona ukubonisa umxholo oqaqambileyo.
Luhambo lokuqala, ukhangelo olukhoyo lukaWill Andrews lwendawo engcono yokuhlala embindini wendalo. Phakathi kwabaphuli-mthetho abathi kancinane kancinane baxhamle amaIndiya. UWill udibana nomzingeli wenyathi uMiller. Yaye bekunye bangena kwiintlambo ezichumileyo zeso sithuba simangalisayo.
UWill ubonakala evakala ukuba iphupha lakhe liyaqondakala. Kodwa xa imozulu isiba mandundu, kanye loo ndalo yoyikekayo yaba yimfuneko ukuze iphile. UMiller, uWill kunye nabanye ababini abahambahambayo baya kujongana, ngaphezu kwako konke, ngokwabo.
Unyana kaKesare
Kwincwadi ebhalwe nguWilliam engalindelwanga yokufunda sifumana le noveli yembali malunga nelinye lawona maxesha obundlobongela kwilizwe lakudala. Ides edumileyo kaMatshi, kwiintsuku eziphambi kokuba icebo livalwe ngoJulius Caesar.
Umnqweno wamandla wamadoda amaninzi akufutshane nawona manqanaba aphezulu egunya kwiriphabliki eyayisesebukhazikhazini bayo, kodwa apho abaninzi babefuna ukwakha ubukhosi obunomlawuli omnye.
Kwaye yayingunyana kaJulius Caesar owathi ekugqibeleni wakwazi ukujongana nababulali bakayise ukuba abe ngumlawuli.
Kodwa inkqubo yayingelula kangako, ukuhamba ukusuka kwiRiphabhlikhi ukuya kubukhosi phantsi kwetywina elifanayo leendlalifa zikaJulius Caesar kwafezekiswa kuphela ngokuchitha igazi, phakathi kwamadoda amakhulu amaRoma ngokwawo, njengoko kwakungazange kubonwe.
