Zvinyorwa munyaya ye Mary Ndebvu chinhu chakaitika, chinobvamo, mukoto wakachekwa pakati penzvimbo ine mashizha youchenjeri hwake. Nekuti kana pasina kunyatsoratidza kuti budiriro yazvino iri kukukurwa, kutarisa kure kwechinyakare kunomutsa maratidziro ekupedzisira ezvingadai zvakave.
Ndosaka zvisingamborwadzi kudongorera pabasa rakaita semusono mudondo. Ikoko uko rondedzero inodzoreredza kubwinya uko kwechinyakare kunoshuvira uye kunodzivirira kune avo vachiri kuvavarira kutsvaga misimboti nemidzi yemunhu apo nyika yaitungamira kuruzivo rwezvinobatika uye ngano kune zvisingatsananguriki.
The aragonese Irene Vallejo Iye mudzidzi akatanhamara wenguva ino. Vamwe vazhinji ndevaya vanopindawo munyika yekare vachitsvaga ruzivo rwakamirirwa kwenguva refu uye tariro. Imwe inogona kuva Madeline miller. Uye vakadzi vatatu vari kutoenda kunotsvaga iyo Ithaca yakarasika ... Ngavave ivo vanotimutsa isu kuravira kwemisimboti yezvese zvatiri nhasi, involution kuburikidza ...
Mabhuku matatu Epamusoro Anokurudzirwa naMary Beard
SPQR: Nhoroondo yeRoma yekare
Kune mabhuku anotakura basa reupenyu hwose. Inyanzvi yekugadzira inozviratidza pachayo isingagoneki mune zvakanyanya kudzidza uye pedantic. Ndebvu aiziva kutarisana nebasa rekuzvizadza nenguva yekuziva magadzirirwo asingasiyi, neiyo mhedziso isingasvikiki yekusvika kune zvese izvo munhu anoda kuudza nezve chimwe chinhu chinodarika sehumambo hweRoma. Pakupedzisira Beard akakwanisa kubhurasha izvo zvinogoneka uye kunyora pasi zvese zvisingaite muvhoriyamu iyi. Kupfuura "nyaya ye...", nechivi ichocho chinogamuchirwa chekuzvininipisa chinofanira kuperekedzwa nemunhu wese akachenjera, inogona kunzi "nyaya ye..."
Sekupera kwemakore makumi mashanu ekudzidza nekutsvagisa nezveRoma yekare, Mary Beard, purofesa paYunivhesiti yeCambridge, anotipa tarisiro ine hunyanzvi yenhoroondo yayo: nyaya iyo, anotiudza, "mushure mezviuru zviviri zvemakore, inoramba iripo. hwaro hwetsika dzedu nezvematongerwo enyika, dzemaonero atinoita nyika nenzvimbo yedu mairi.
Nhoroondo inoratidzirwa neasingadaviriki ekuvamba ngano uye makuru ezvematongerwo enyika uye emagariro, nekukunda kunoshamisa kwemauto uye nemabasa ekuvaka anoshamisa. Pasina kukanganwa zviito zvevanhu vanozivikanwa zvikuru venyika yeRoma: kubva kuCicero kuedza kudzivisa kurangana kwaCatilina pamusoro paJulius Caesar, kusvika kukunda kwaOctavian pamusoro paMarco Antonio. Isu hatisi, zvakadaro, pamberi pechidzidzo chekushandisa, sezvo muhuwandu hweongororo yebhuku rino zvikwaniriso zve "masterful" uye "kuvaraidza" zvinoonekwa zvine chekuita.
Kesari Gumi neVaviri: Mumiriri weSimba kubva kuNyika Yekare kusvika Ikozvino
Mushure mezvose zvaifanira kutaurirwa nekuzivikanwa nezveRoma huru, yave nguva yekunyura mune zvakadzama, zvinhu sekupedzisira zvakakosha sekuverenga nguva kwakanyatso hunyanzvi. Nekuti mukati meimwe intrahistory tinowana iyo yekupedzisira vavariro, mitambo yezvido yakafambisa humambo hukuru.
Chiso chesimba chakaita sei? Ndiani anomiririrwa mune art uye nei? Mune iri basa rakasiyana, Mary Beard - ane nharo ane mukurumbira classicist wemazuva ano - anotaurira nyaya yekuti kweanopfuura zviuru zviviri zvemakore mapikicha evapfumi, ane simba uye ane mukurumbira weWestern world akaumbwa kubva pamufananidzo wevatongi veRoma. zvikuru vaKesari vanegumi navaviri. Kubva kuna Julius Caesar ane utsinye kusvika kuna Domitian ane hutsinye, simba rinoratidzwa mukutevedzerwa kweunyanzvi hwekare, uye vatungamiriri vanonyadziswa vanowanzotorwa saNero achitamba uku Roma ichitsva.
Kutanga nekukosha kwemifananidzo yehumambo mune zvematongerwo enyika zveRoma, bhuku rine mifananidzo yakawanda rinotitora mumakore zviuru zviviri zvehunyanzvi uye nhoroondo yetsika, richiratidza kutsva kwemabasa evanyori kubva kuMantegna kusvika nhasi, pamwe nezvizvarwa zvevaruki, vagadziri vemakabati, vapfuri vesirivha, vanodhinda, uye vaumbi vehari. Kupfuura nyaya yekudzokororwa kuri nyore kwemifananidzo yehumambo varume nevakadzi, Kesari gumi nevaviri inyaya inokatyamadza yekuchinja-chinja kwehunhu, kuzivikanwa nemaune kana zvisiri izvo, manyepo, uye kazhinji kumiririra kwechiremera.
Pompeii: Nhoroondo uye Ngano yeGuta reRoma
Vesuvius akatsvaira guta ndokuviga ngano yacho. Nepfungwa yazvino inovhiringidza yekuti makomo anoputika achiripo, akamirira kutorazve nyika itsva, kuburitswa kwePompeii kunowedzera kushamisa, kwevanhu. Uye ngano inokura pamusoro peguta raigona kurangwa navamwari vamene, rakashatirwa mumabota anotyisa.
Bhuku rake rine zvinangwa zviviri. Pakutanga, kuvakazve izvo hupenyu hwaive hwakaita muPompeii: mabasa ezuva nezuva evagari varo, hurumende yeguta, mafaro emuviri (chikafu, waini, zvepabonde uye mabhati), varaidzo nemitambo, chitendero ...
Asi zvakare, chechipiri, kurwisa ngano dzakaunganidzwa pamusoro penhoroondo yaro, kutanga nehutsanana husina chokwadi hwedzimba dzekugezera kana nhamba yengano yemabrothels uye kupera nehuchokwadi hwenjodzi, iyo inotipa chiratidzo chakasiyana kwazvo kubva kune legend. Mary Beard anozadzisa izvi zvose mumagwaro anonakidza, izvo zvinounza kuhupenyu zvisingatarisirwi zvakawanikwa uye zvishoma zvatinoziva pamusoro pevagari vayo: mupristikadzi Eumachia; Publio Casca, mumwe wemhondi dzaCésar; gladiators, zvidhori zvevasikana vePompeian ...
Mamwe Mabhuku Anokurudzirwa naMary Beard
Mambo weRoma
Iwe haugone kusanganisa zvakakwana pasina kupa chimwe chinhu. Kana muSPQR zvese zvaiita sekunge zvakasungwa uye zvakasungwa zvakanaka, zvinoita sekunge nekuongorora manotsi, Mary Beard akawana tambo nyowani dzekudhonza kubva kuti aenderere mberi nekutaura nyaya yakakura seyeRoma yehumambo. Uye zvechokwadi, chikamu chikuru chenhoroondo iyoyo chinoramba chiri mumaoko emadzimambo anogara achifadza achiedza kudzidza kunyange zvinyorwa zviduku.
Kudzora freaks, vashandi kana vechidiki vakashatiswa? Madzimambo eRoma akanga akaita sei chaizvo?
Mubhuku idzva iri, munyori anoisa pfungwa dzake kune madzimambo aitonga Hushe hweRoma kuti atipe vhezheni yakasarudzika uye yakanyatsojeka yeaya anokudzwa echinyakare manhamba. Kubva kuna Julius Caesar (akapondwa muna 44 BC) kusvika kuna Alexander Severus (akapondwa muna AD 235), achipfuura nemupengo Caligula, Nero anotyisa uye muzivi Marcus Aurelius, Mary Beard inoburitsa hupenyu nengano dzevatongi vakuru veRoma. mibvunzo mikuru kwatiri: Isimba ripi chairoiro raiva nemadzimambo?Ndiani aidhonza tambo seri kwechiono?Umambo hukuru hwakadaro hwaitongwa sei?Madziro emuzinda wamambo akanga aine ropa zvechokwadi here?
Kuti atipe mhinduro uye atiswededze pedyo neuchokwadi hweumambo, Mary Beard anotevera tsoka dzamambo pedyo: kumba uye mumakwikwi, pakufamba kwake uye kunyange munzira yake kuenda kudenga; Anotisuma kumadzimai ake nevadiwa vake, vakwikwidzi vake nevaranda, vaseki vedare nevarwi, uye vanhuwo zvavo vaiendesa tsamba dzokukwidza nyaya yacho. Mambo weRoma anotitora akananga mukati memwoyo weRoma, uye fungidziro dzedu pamusoro pezvazvaive zvakaita kuva muRoma, kuburikidza nengano isina kumbobvira yataurwa.
