Kufanana nemwanakomana wemuvakidzani, muzana ramakumi maviri ramakore rakatambudzwa nehutongi kubva kuCentral America kuenda kuTierra de Fuego, munyori weGuatemala Miguel Angel Asturias, akazadza zvinyorwa zvake neaya nhoroondo inotsanangura ramangwana reguta. Kwete sechinhu chinobatika icho vanodzvinyirira vakanaka vanodhonza kuti vabatanidze kufunga, zvaive mune chero mamiriro acho ruzivo, chikamu chese, muenzaniso uye fananidzo kuti uwane hukuru hwekuparadzaniswa kwevanhu.
Asi kwete chete kubva mukushoropodzwa munharaunda iye munhu akanaka wenyaya anorarama. Kunze kwechinhu chisingaperi chekuchinja zvinetswa zvemagariro, Miguel Ángel Asturias akaongorora zvakare kuvhundutsa avant-gardes munguva yake senge iyo surrealism uko zvese zvaigoneka. Nekudaro fungidziro inoshamisa inofamba pamusoro pemabasa ake kuti ipedzisire yaisa nhumbu neicho chokwadi chikuru hupenyu hwakagumburwa neiyo pfungwa yekurota yekuparadzaniswa iyo chokwadi chinopa.
Pasina kupokana inongedzo yeiyo Latin Latin kunyorera kwevanotevera vatauri. Vanyori vakatenderera muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX nerechiXNUMX senge Sergio Ramirez o Vargas Llosa kuti vagone kufemerwa naye kuti vaenderere mberi iyo nhaka yenyaya kune rimwe divi reAtlantic yakasvika nekukwirisa kweAmerica mukushanduka kwetsika pakutanga senge mota nemagariro sezwi.
Wepamusoro matatu akakurudzira enganonyorwa naMiguel Ángel Asturias
Mr. President
Pasi pemumvuri wakaipa wesimba rehutongi vanhu vakaparadzaniswa nehana dzavo dzimba. Icho hunyengeri hunogara hwakafanana, kumisikidzwa kwekutya uye ngano yemutungamiri wezuva. Insubordination kuyedza inogara ichinzwirwa tsitsi. Tsika chete ndidzo dzinogona kudzosera iko kwakajairika, kumutsa shanduko yeshanduko.
Yakanyorwa pakati pa1920 na1933 uye yakaburitswa muna 1946, Mr. President ndeimwe yeakanyanya kufuratira kweanonzi «novel yemudzvanyiriri» mune mamwe mabasa akakosha senge Ini Wekumusoro soro, kubva kuRoa Bastos, Anodzvinyirira Banderas, de Valle-Inclan, Mumatsutso atateguru, de Gabriel García Márquez, kana kupfuura nguva pfupi yapfuura, Mutambo wembudzi, yakapihwa naMario Vargas Llosa kana tiine ruzivo. Mariri, Asturias inokurudzirwa nehurumende yekupedzisira yaManuel Estrada Cabrera, kuGuatemala, kuti vaongorore nzira dzinoita kuti hutongi hwezvematongerwo enyika hushande, pamwe nemhedzisiro yadzo munharaunda.
Yakarondedzerwa kubva kwakasiyana maonero ekuti nenzira isina kunangana inogadzira chimiro cheMutungamiriri, ino nganonyorwa ndeimwe yezvinyorwa zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zve tiguu Latin American uye mashiripiti echokwadi, ane mukurumbira wakakura ndiGarcía Márquez.
Yayo yakaziviswa kushora kwekusaruramisira uye hudzvanyiriri yakaiwana kuti iongororwe uye irambidzwe kwemakore gumi nematatu, nepo, mukupesana, hupfumi hwayo hwekunyora uye mavambo echimiro chayo chenhoroondo chakaiita imwe yemanyorerwo akanyanya kukanganisa chizvarwa chevanyori kubva kuLatin America. . Yakagadziriswa kune firimu uye yemitambo, uye ichishandurwa mumitauro mikuru, iyo novel yakagamuchirwa kwazvo panguva yekuburitswa nevatsoropodzi nevaverengi zvakafanana.
Varume vegorosi
Simba rinokwanisa kukunda hana haringoshandiswa chete nevadzvanyiriri vane simba. Nhasi tine mienzaniso irinani yekuti ruzhinji runogona kudzorwa sei mune imwe sibylline nzira, pasi pemasirogani emufaro uye zvakajairika zvakanaka izvo zvinosvinudzwa mukuita senge placebo inokwanisa kutitendisa kuti hakuna chakaipa ... Pane nyaya dzisingagumi mu mazwi emafomu atinoiswa ...
Varume veChibage vanotaura kutuka kusinga tsanangurike kwemhedzisiro inokanganisa iyo capitalism nemakambani makuru epasirese aive nawo patsika, zvitendero zvemadzitateguru, hunhu uye kusachengeteka kwevarombo veGuatemala.
Ndangariro isingazivikanwe yemadzitateguru, nekuda kwebasa rake, yakaverengerwa mune yekushambadzira kwehunyanzvi uye yakapa chinzvimbo chevatsigiri vengano kune vasina nhaka munhoroondo. Nhoroondo dzekare dzaQuiché dzinotaura kuti, pakutanga kwenyika, vanamwari vakakundikana kakawanda mukuedza kwavo kugadzira munhu, kudzamara vawana chinhu chakakodzera kuti vagadzire chisikwa chekupedzisira: chibage.
Kubva pazita chairo, iri basa rinozivisa kubatana kwaro nemaIndia eGuatemala, asi varume vechibage vanozadza mapeji ayo ndivo vazukuru veavo vakapona Mukukunda, vakapfuura nenjodzi dzakasiyana siyana munhoroondo yeGuatemala uye vakasvika panguva iyo Asturias akaitazve hafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX.
Ngano dzeGuatemala
Zvichida chokwadi chengano chakaitwa idiosyncrasy chinotiswededza pedyo nemunhu atavistic, akaiswa nefungidziro kusvika pakuzvibata. Asi dzimwe nguva kuedza kudzima aya etsika totems kunowanikwa sechido chinotonyanya kuipa uye chakanyatsorongeka kune zvimwe zvishuvo zvakaipa uye zvehubhoosi.
Iko kufarira kwaMiguel Ángel Asturias (1899-1974) mutsika dzinozvipira dzeCentral America sechinhu chekudzidza nekutsvagisa chinowana kushandurwa kwaro kunyorwa mu "Leyendas de Guatemala" (1930), nhoroondo yezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvinoitika izvo ngano dze vanhu veMayan-Quiché vanobatana netsika dzeGuatemalan colonial yapfuura nemaguta eko eTikal neCopán vanobatana neSantiago neAntigua, yakavambwa neSpanish. Hondo iri pakati pemweya yepasi nemweya mutsvene inorondedzerwa neyakajeka uye inofadza prose yaNobel Prize yeMabhuku muna 1967, yakazadzwa nemifananidzo inopenya.
Ngano dzeGuatemala dzinoumba nyika yezvakazarurwa, hafu yengano, hafu yezvokwadi. Shanda kuti iverengerwe zvinonzwika, mweya wayo wakavhurika unotigonesa kuona kudetemba kurira kweanoshamisa mimhanzi cadence iyo ndima dzayo dzaanopa, mune iyo inopa muverengi ruzivo rwakakwana rwetsika uye ngano dze pre-Hispanic, colonial uye yazvino America. Sezvakazara, nharo yengano inomutsa gakava retsika iro rinosanganisira murume wemuAmerica mukurwa nguva dzose nemasimba ezvisikwa uye ngano dzaanogadzira iye kuti adudzire zvinoreva mugumo.
