Noma ngubani odlula lapha ngezikhathi ezithile kungenzeka ukuthi ubonile ukuthi ama-dystopias yinto enginqobile isikhathi eside engikukhumbulayo. Ngakhulela eminyakeni eyi-Mad Max noma iBlade Runner futhi ngangihlala ngiya epulazini le- Orwell noma iminyango ka UHuxley, ngakho-ke noma yini ekhuluma ngekusasa elingenzeka, elingajwayelekile nelimpunga iyitimu yokuwina nami.
Konke lokhu ngoba UJohn lanchester Muva nje ubhale enye yalawo ma-dystopias akamuva anephuzu lawo lefilosofi kanye nezenhlalo, i-fetén yalezi zinsuku ...
Kepha ngaphesheya kwe-dystopian, ILanchester isichithe iminyaka yayo engamashumi amathathu inikele ezincwadini ze-poso, ezikhungweni ezivame ukuba nezindawo ezivamile emhlabeni wethu kuphela ezivezelwe kwelinye izinga, lapho iLanchester yenza khona abalingiswa bayo labo onodoli bezifiso zakhe, ukukhungatheka nokulangazelela izindawo cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi njengokungahluziwe nokude njengokulinganiselwa okufanayo okwakha uzungu ngokuphonsa konke. umhlaba.
Yize, ekujuleni kwenhliziyo, abalingiswa beLanchester bangomculo ongaziwa kakhulu, umculo ohambisana nezimpilo zabo bobabili, abanamandla noma abathobekile. Ngoba ibhodi lomdlalo liyilo lakho konke. Futhi ithuba liyinto engalinganiswa ngomlingo ngaphandle kwayo ibheke kwabangalindelekile.
Njengokungathi konke lokhu bekunganele, uLanchester ubhala nezincwadi zakhe zezomnotho ngephuzu elinolwazi elilinganiswe nemibono yakhe yokugxekwa maqondana nesimo samanje sobungxiwankulu. Kepha leyo enye indaba. Lapha sizoma engxenyeni eqanjiwe yokuthi, yize ijwayele ukwenza kube nokuhlelwa kwezakhiwo ngokuzayo kwezomnotho, kugcine kuguqulwe kwaba yizindaba ezingaphakathi ezifanele ezine-chicha.
Amanoveli anconyiwe aphezulu amathathu nguJohn Lanchester
Udonga
I-dystopia emenyezelwe yokuthi wonke umbhali onamafulethi kufanele abhekane kanye. Ngoba sinesibindi sokucabanga, ukubeka lesi simo esilandelayo njengoba sikhukhuleka kulo mhlaba kufingqa ukucabanga, umoya wokugxeka, unembeza wezenhlalo nezombusazwe kanye nentando yokwenza ifilosofi nobuntu. Cishe akukho lutho…
I-dystopia ekhangayo nephazamisayo esebenza njengenganekwane enamandla yezwe lamanje nokwesaba okubamba iNtshonalanga. UKavanagh ufika eWall ukujoyina elinye lamapatroli eDefender avikela izigaba ezahlukahlukene emizameni yokuhlasela yabanye. Laba bantu bakwamanye amazwe bazama ukuyikhuphuka besuka olwandle futhi bahlasele izwe eliyisiqhingi, okumele lizivikele ngaphandle ngaphandle kusukela kwenzeka uguquko, okuthe, phakathi kokunye, lwadala ukwanda kolwandle.
IKavanagh iyadingeka ukuthi isebenze iminyaka emibili yokusebenza, futhi okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuyigwema ukuthi ibe yiBreed futhi ibe nengane, umsebenzi odala ukungabaza nokudideka emhlabeni ngemuva kwenhlekelele. Izidumbu ze-Defenders zixubekile, futhi kancane kancane uKavanagh uzoqala ubudlelwano neHifa, omunye wabesifazane. Okwamanje, ukuzulazula kuDonga ngokulindela ukuhlasela okungenzeka, izinsuku nobusuku ziyadlula, futhi ukwesaba okusakazekayo nokubandayo okungena ngaphakathi kunqwabelana, ngokulinda okungapheli okungakhumbula okwamasosha Ugwadule lwamaTartar nguBuzzati.
Lapho ukuhlasela okusabekayo kwenzeka ekugcineni, mhlawumbe akukho okuzolindeleka, mhlawumbe umuntu ongeyena obekubonakala enguye, mhlawumbe izindima zabavikeli nabahlaseli zichazwe kabusha ... UJohn Lanchester ubhale i-dystopia ephazamisayo ehlanganisa ngobuciko inganekwane yesayensi nenganekwane yesayensi. ukulandisa kwe-adventure ukubhekana nezinkinga zamanje ngesifiso esikhulu. Inoveli yakhe ihlola ukwesaba okuhlukile, ukwesaba ikusasa kanye nokuzesaba wena. Umphumela uba ngumsebenzi osibekela futhi ophazamisayo, onomoya wenganekwane yanamuhla nesiphetho esimangazayo nesishaqisayo.
Capital
Umnotho uwuphawu lwezikhathi. Ukwakhiwa komuntu ngemali kanye nezimakethe zayo kugcina sekuyisilo esiphindaphindayo esikwazi ukushwabadela izidalwa zaso ngobumnandi be-macabre. Le ngenye yamanoveli akhuluma ngesiphetho sabalingiswa abahlukunyezwa yilowo macroeconomics obuka konke. Umnotho omkhulu osabekayo, osolisayo, wamanga okwazi ukwenza noma yini ukusinda ukuhlanya kwawo.
Bonke bahlala noma basebenza emgwaqweni waseLondon; abanye bayazana, abanye abazi, kepha cishe bonke bazogcina bewela izindlela. URoger Yount ungusebhange waseCity olindele imali eyanele yonyaka ukukhokhela ikhaya lakhe lesibili; Usevele unezimoto ezimbili futhi angathanda ukuba nabesifazane ababili. Futhi ukuthi owesibili ubenganhlanhlathisi kangako kunaleyo esemthethweni, engashayi.
Ngaphambi kokufeza lokho akuphuphayo, usala engenamsebenzi, esindwa yizikweletu futhi enakekelwa indodana yakhe encane, ngoba unkosikazi wakhe okuwukuphela kwakhe umshiya okwesikhashana. U-Ahmed ungowokudabuka ePakistan onesitolo nabafowethu ababili, omunye uyivila futhi uyisisekelo sezinto, omunye usebenza futhi nguDemocrat.
Lapho umama wakhe evela ePakistan, ukulungele ukugxeka yonke into ngaphandle kwendodana ehlanya inkolo… Kukhona noPetunia, isalukazi esingazi ukuthi kufihlwe uhhafu wesigidi endlini yakhe. NoZbigniew, isitini sasePoland, noSmitty, umculi wamahlazo ogama lakhe langempela akekho owaziyo, futhi esazi kuphela ukuthi ungumzukulu kaPetunia ...
Khonamanjalo, inkinga yezomnotho iyasondela, futhi isakhamuzi ngasinye sasemgwaqweni sithola ikhadi leposi phakathi kokusongela nokubi elithi "Sifuna lokhu onakho." Ngabe kuzoba yikhaya lakho, ingcebo yakho efihliwe, izifiso zakho, okuvunyiwe futhi okungachazeki? ICapital ihlanganisa inoveli enkulu "yezimpilo eziwele", njengalezo zikaJoseph Roth, uJohn Dos Passos noma uStefan Zweig, nomfanekiso omkhulu wesimanjemanje.
Itheku lamakha
Kuhlala kuthakazelisa ukuthola amaqiniso we-nouveau riche. Labo abatshela inganekwane yabo ethile yokuchuma kusuka phansi kuya phezulu. UTom Stewart uthathe umkhumbi wakhe ngokuqinile, ngaphambi kokuba kuqale iMpi Yezwe Yesibili, ethatha konke. Kwakuyizinsuku ezinesiphepho nezimbi. Kepha nezinsuku ezimnyama zamathuba ...
Emkhunjini owathatha uTom Stewart waya eHong Kong ngo-1935, uMaria wayehamba futhi, indela encane yaseChina eyamletha emazwini akhe okuqala ngesiCantonese ... Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, ngeminyaka yamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, uDawn Stone, intatheli yobudlova Impilo yakhe eLondon, uzozinza eHonk Kong, lapho umlando wakhe omubi ngabosozigidi bendawo uzodonsela ukunaka komnikazi wephephabhuku elibashicilelayo, elinamandla elinephrofayili engaphezu kokufiphala.
Futhi uzophinde athole impilo entsha uMatthew Ho, umfana oyisiphephelo ubaba wakhe owayeyisisulu senguquko kwezamasiko eChina, futhi manje ungusomabhizinisi osemncane olwela inkampani yakhe phakathi kokudlikizela komnotho wezimakethe kanye nezingcindezi zamafiya endawo .
Cishe laba balingisi abathathu, omunye umlingiswa ophambili wama-bustle amanoveli, iHong Kong eyinganekwane, ikoloni elixakile futhi manje idolobha lesimanje labokufika kanye nelabhorethri ehlasimulisayo yobungxiwankulu besimanje.
