Izincwadi ezi-3 ezinhle kakhulu zikaRaymond Carver

Ngesikhathi UBukowski ngokuqinile uphakamisa isibhengezo sababhali abangenampilo kakhulu, embukisweni onenhliziyo yokuzisola wobuqiniso obungcolile, abanye ababhali abanjengo URaymond Carver, Richard Ford o UPedro Juan Gutierrez baqhubeka futhi bakhulisa lolo hlobo lokulandisa okuyela ngasocansini ku-visceral. Uhlobo lokulandisa okuphucwe ubuciko bokugxila kumfundi kubalingiswa, kushukunyiswa ngokuthanda okuphelele kwengqondo yokufunda okufaka kabusha izilungiselelo ezincane, kuzigcwalise ngombala we-psychedelic kwesinye isikhathi.

URaymond Carver Nguyena owalungisa kangcono leso sihlungo sotshani bokulandisa ukuze asithole endabeni (futhi nasezinkondlweni) isimo esifanelekile sokuzulazula abalingiswa bakhe ngokungabalulekile okubalulekile okuthe ngenxa yeqiniso labo elinogazi abagcina bebambelele esikhunjeni sethu ngokuncane kwabo izindaba ezivela ndawo, kwalasha ekugcineni okusizungezile sonke futhi lapho kuphela i-hedonism nephuzu le-nihilistic elingenza ifilosofi edingekayo maqondana nokusinda.

Futhi-ke, phakathi kwazo zonke izinqwaba zabalingiswa abahlala ezigcawini ezimfushane zezindaba zakhe ezinonya, sithola nokuthi kungani sifika lapho, kulowo mkhawulo walasha wokungabi nalutho ngokomoya nangokwenyama. Uma sibheka konke noma akukho, sithola ukuthi ukubhujiswa kusongela kanjani noma yikuphi ukwakhiwa okubalulekile kwamakhadi ngokushaywa kwawo umoya okuncane.

Abalingiswa bakaCarver bagcina beshaye, bavule ngokuphelele usizi lwabo, kuze kube sekupheleni kwayo, ekugugweni nasekuqothulweni, ekujabuleni okumnyama kokwesula nokucabanga ukwehlulwa.

Imayelana nokuthatha isinqumo sokuthi iyiphi injini ezoqala izinqumo ezintsha zabalingiswa, noma ngabe ukwesaba okungapheli noma isifiso somzimba esingavuseleleki esivuka ngaphambi kosongo ngalunye ngolaka olunamandla. Abalingiswa benza izazi zefilosofi zansuku zonke, izibuko lapho umuntu wanamuhla ebonakaliswa khona ngokuphelele.

Izincwadi Ezinconyelwe ezi-3 eziphezulu nguRaymond Carver

Abaqalayo

Umsebenzi owawaziwa phambilini ngokuthi Sikhuluma ngani uma sikhuluma ngothando? empeleni kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa ukuvinjelwa komshicileli othile emuva ngonyaka we-1981. UCarver kungenzeka angabi sesimweni sokuxoxa ngalokho okusikiwe kusuka kwivolumu yendaba emfushane.

Iqiniso ngukuthi eminyakeni eminingi kamuva lencwadi ibizofika ngaphandle kokubuyekezwa kokuqala, bese kuthi ubukhulu bomsebenzi ngokugcwele butholakale ukuthi, ukube yayivele ibusisiwe ngaleso sikhathi ngabafundi abangenanhlonipho, bese iqhubeka nokuzungeza lawo mandla amakhulu ezungeze ukucasuka okulimazayo.

Uchungechunge lwezindaba zansuku zonke luqamba imidwebo enezicucu zothando emaphethelweni engilazi acindezelwe izandla, ngokudabuka okuzwakala njengokuvalelisa nokwahlulelwa.

Ikholaji elandisayo etendeni elingenalutho, ngaphandle kokuphinda kuchaze okuchazayo, lapho izicucu zesikhumba zinamathela ndawonye ngotshwala, utshwala obuvulela iqiniso elibi kakhulu futhi bukhiphe indlela emhlophe engekho ndawo.

Izimbali ezintathu eziphuzi

Mhlawumbe konke lokho kunyakaza okuhambisana nezinto ezingokoqobo ezingcolile kunogqozi lwayo eChekhov, mhlawumbe indaba yabalingiswa nezilungiselelo ezigcwele isitayela nokuzithiba ngokomoya ivela kobuhlakani baseRussia ngandlela thile owabeka izisekelo zendaba yanamuhla, uhlobo lokuphambuka ngenganekwane yendabuko ukubhekana nezici ezingejwayelekile ezivela emfushane.

Nakhu ukuthi ukuthintwa kokuqedwa kwaleli volumu lezindaba eziyisithupha kungaqondakala kanjani, ukuvala okunikeza isihloko sevolumu futhi okukhuluma ngokuphela kokucatshangwa kukaChekhov, ovela kulowo mgulukudu wesiguli omdidayo amdonse emhlanganweni, adubule Ngasekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe ezintsha, ngomsindo we-symphony elandisayo ebhalwe njenge-epitaph ngumthandi wakhe uCarver.

Izindaba ezinhlanu ezisele zingena ezimweni ezintsha zesizungu nokudumazeka, njengabalingiswa abahamba emathafeni afanayo aseRussia lapho uChekhov abekwe khona abalingisi bakhe.

Uma ungidinga, ngishayele

Ubuhlakani bunjalo, ungahlala ulindele ukudideka okusha, umsebenzi omusha owangcwatshwa ngokunganakwa.

Mhlawumbe kubhekwa uCarver njengezindaba ezingatheni, lezi zinganekwane ezinhlanu ezintsha zansuku zonke nezingavuleki zivulela isikhala esiseduze nesishaqisayo sombalisi ohlose ukushiya izihogo zakhe futhi ohamba ngokushaywa kokugcina phakathi kwencwadi ebiyi-placebo ukulahlwa.

Izindaba ezimayelana nabesilisa asebevele belahle ukukhanya okungaziwa kotshwala ebhodleleni futhi bazama ukuzithola futhi. Ngaphandle kokuthi izindlela ezedlule azikwazi ukuqalwa futhi, noma ngabe ukholwa kangakanani ukuthi likhona ithemba njalo.

Ukuba yisiphukuphuku ukuba ngumuntu. Futhi ekuzifihleni okujwayelekile akusindiswa izidakwa noma abantu abangazinikeli.

Ezinye izincwadi ezinconyiwe nguRaymond Carver…

Izindlela ezimfushane

Ngo-1990 uRobert Altman wafunda izindaba zikaCarver futhi kwamcacela ukuthi kukhona ifilimu lapho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, umenzi wefilimu "waxoxisana" nomlobi, wahlanganisa imibhalo yabo, wahambisa abalingiswa besuka kwenye indaba baye kwenye futhi, ngendlela yakhe, wabhala uhlobo oluthile lwefilimu eqoshiwe "inoveli enkulu yaseMelika". Lezi yizindaba ezigqugquzele ifilimu.