Kwesinye isikhathi umsebenzi othile (wokubhala kuleli cala) umbhali uwusebenzisa kabi. Isisindo eseqile se- Ukuguqulwa komzimba njengomsebenzi wobuciko wobungcweti kufanele ukuthi kwakusho isisindo se-slab kokuhle kukaFranz (into efanayo okumele ngabe yenzekile kuSalinger nge Umzingeli ku-rye, inganekwane kakhulu kunanoma yini enye).
Ngakho, KAFKA, ethathwa njengombhali ojwayelekile (hhayi ongasho lutho), waqeda izinsuku zakhe ecabanga ukuthi imisebenzi yakhe eminingi engashicilelwe akufanele ishicilelwe. Umlando unakekele ukuqamba umsebenzi wakhe ngokuthi "ungowomuntu uqobo" noma "uhlukile", kahle-ke, ngeke ngibe yimi othatha okuphambene noMlando.
Engingeke ngikuphike ukuthi ngivumelana ngokwengxenye nalo mbono we-mediocrity ejwayelekile yalokho okwabhalwa uKafka. Ezimweni eziningi sikhuluma, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, ngezincwadi ezingabalulekile noma ezingabalulekile ngokweziqondiso ezibekwe abagxeki nabanye.
Kodwa-ke, ukubaluleka okusemthethweni kukaKafka kuholele abafundi abaningi emhlabeni jikelele emkhondweni weMetamorphosis yakhe engafi kanye nezinye izincwadi, okwathi ekugcineni, YEBO zanyatheliswa.
Kodwa-ke, uma uqiniseka kakhulu ngokubaluleka kwalo mbhali, futhi ngaphambi kokunquma izinga lami lezincwadi zakhe, ungathola wonke umsebenzi wakhe esimweni sokunethezeka sanoma yimuphi umtapo wolwazi ozihloniphayo, otholakala ngezansi:
Konke okushiwo, ngokufingqiwe, ngizoqamba lezo zincwadi ezintathu ezinhle kakhulu zeKafka, noma okungenani lezo ezinginike umbono osindisayo.
Izincwadi ezinconyiwe zikaKafka (cishe noma ngaphansi)
Inqubo
Kakhulu ngaphezu kwe-Metamorphosis ngokwengxenye yezenhlalo nezepolitiki yesikhathi esaphila uKafka. Le nqubo iphakathi kwemisebenzi embalwa yezincwadi efinyelele esiphethweni esingajwayelekile sokudlula kakhulu imikhawulo yemvelo yayo njengendaba.
Ngempela, kule noveli eqala ngokuboshwa, ngokunye ukusa, kukaJosef K., osolwa ngecala angasoze alazi, futhi ngubani kusuka kulowo mzuzu obandakanyeka ku-tangle engachazeki elawulwa ngumshini Okhona Konke futhi onamandla onke izizathu nezinjongo zawo ezingachazeki, uFranz Kafka wakha isingathekiso esinamandla ngesimo somuntu wanamuhla. UMax Brod, umngani, umhleli nomphathi wezincwadi kaKafka ngemuva kokushona kwakhe, wezwa ngalo msebenzi ngo-1914, njengoba uKafka, ngokwesiko lakhe, emfundela izindima ezithile.
Kusukela ngomzuzu wokuqala wathatheka ngamandla endaba, ngakho-ke waphikelela, njengakwezinye izikhathi, ukuthi ishicilelwe, ngokumelene nokwenqaba okuvamile kombhali wayo.
Ngemuva kokubulawa kukaKafka ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yesifo sofuba ngo-1924, futhi yize umbhali azwakalise ngesifiso sakhe ukuthi yonke imibhalo yakhe ibhujiswe ingafundwanga, uMax Brod uthathe isinqumo sokushicilela Inqubo eminyakeni kamuva. Lolu hlobo luqoqa umbhalo ogcwele kanye nokuhlelwa kukaKafka ngaphandle kokuchithwa kanye nokuzikhethela kohlelo lokuqala lukaMax Brod.
Umgodi
Ngaphansi kwesihlungo se-surrealistic esilawula umsebenzi walo mbhali, ukwenziwa kwesilwane okusha (igundane kulokhu) kuletha umbono womuntu, ingqondo yakhe eyinkimbinkimbi, ukukhathazeka kwakhe, amandla akhe enkani naphezu kwesizathu, konke lokhu kwenzeka ngokuhumusha okuningi.
Uhlelo olusha lwaseSpain luveza omunye wemibhalo yakamuva kaFranz Kafka: ephethwe yisifo sofuba, phakathi ne-hyperinflation, ayidlalile Umgodi izingcezu zokugcina zokubhuqa kwakhe okuqondayo, inkanuko yakhe esabekayo, ukuthula kwakhe.
Umgodi iqukethe, mhlawumbe, isiprofetho sakhe esifinyelela kude kakhulu. Ihlanganiswe nevolumu yangemva kokufa Incazelo yokulwa nguMax Brod, ophinde wayinika isihloko. NgeSpanishi, lesi sihloko sihunyushwe ngokuthi Umgodi, Ukwakhiwa, Indawo yokulahla o Umsebenzi.
I-protagonist yale ndaba, igundane, ingumakhi ongaguquguquki wokumba umhubhe oqhubeka uba yinkimbinkimbi lapho anikezela khona impilo yakhe nakho konke okumkhathazayo.
Isigodlo
Ama-kafkaes we-pro aqokomisa lo msebenzi njengombhali ovelele kunabo bonke kumbhali wamaJuda. Isigodlo ilandisa ngemizamo engaphumelelanga yomhloli wamazwe uK .. yokuthola iziphathimandla zesigodlo, okusobala ukuthi ucele usizo lwazo, nokuthola imvume yokwenza umsebenzi wakhe futhi ngaleyo ndlela azinze esigodini lapho amukelwe khona njengomuntu wangaphandle.
Ngokuphikelela kwakhe ekufuneni amalungelo akhe, ukuzidela okuhlekisayo komhloli wamazwe uK. Kwenza umfanekiso ongaqondakali wesimo sokuhlukumezeka kwamandla nangomuzwa onzima wokuba yilowo okhathaza umuntu wanamuhla.
En Isigodlo, ebhalwe esigabeni sokugcina sempilo yombhali, lapho lesi sifo siqhubeka ngamandla, amandla kaKafka azwakalayo afinyelela umfutho ongajwayelekile, efakazela ukungazibophezeli kombhali, ekuzimiseleni kwakhe ukubhekana nenselelo ebabazekayo ekhona:ukuhlaselwa komngcele wokugcina wasemhlabeni»Isifiso sakho sokuba«ukuphela noma ukuqala".
Lokhu kuvuthwa nokuqina, isitayela sakhe esingejwayelekile, okuthi, njengoba esho Hermann Hesse, yenza uKafka abe yinkosi eyimfihlo yeprose yaseJalimane, enze inoveli Isigodlo i-classic encane yezincwadi zomhlaba, i-classic efana, Inqubo, iye yaveza inqwaba yezincazelo namazwana, hhayi nje ezincwadini kuphela, kodwa futhi nezefilosofi, ezenkolo, ezengqondo, ezombangazwe nezokuhlalisana kwabantu, ngaleyo ndlela ibonisa ukuthi iye yathinta imizwa yesikhathi sethu.
Akunazwana