Maphakathi nezincwadi ezisanda kuvela zaseLatin American kanye nemisinga ye-surrealist yekhulu lama-XNUMX eselivele lisunguliwe, U-Alejo Carpentier yakha amabhuloho phakathi kweYurophu neNingizimu Melika.
Umoya wakhe ovulekile wenza ukuthi ingxube ecebile yamasiko nokuthambekela okuhlala kusondeza umdali ebuhleni. Ubuhle okwathi, ngaleyo minyaka eLatin America, bathi Cortazar noCarpentier uqobo.
El isithombe ngu-Alejo Carpentier ingabamba yonke into. Ithonya lomlingo lalolo surrealism elikwazi ukubola ngokoqobo ukucabanga kabusha njengephazili elisha, lenze ukuthi isiphakamiso sakhe sokulandisa sisuke emicimbini yangempela siye ekushintsheni kwayo okujulile.
Inganekwane iguqulwe yaba yinhlanganisela yayo yonke into yangempela, izithombe nezingathekiso ezikwazi ukusiveza nalokho okusilinganisa sonke njengabantu, okufana nanoma yimuphi umphakathi lapha nalaphaya. Ukuhlukaniswa njengethuba lokuthola kabusha umhlaba kusuka ekuqothulweni ngokomoya nangokwezinto ezibonakalayo.
Amanoveli amathathu abalulekile ka-Alejo Carpentier
Umbuso walomhlaba
IHaiti imele inkululeko yabantu baseNingizimu Melika. Ukuvukelwa kwawo kokuqala kwavula indlela yokutholakala kwezwe ngalinye eNingizimu Melika njengento engenazo izenzo ezingenakulungiswa zamakoloni. Beka kanjalo, kubantu abavamile emlandweni waseHaiti kungabonakala njengokuphikisana okungenakuphikisa. Into ehlekisayo ukuthi uCarpentier uyitshela kanjani ...
Isifinyezo: Inoveli echazwe nguMario Vargas Llosa "njengenye yezinto eziphelele kunazo zonke ezake zakhiqizwa ulimi lwaseSpain", i-El Reino de este mundo (1949) iphinda ngendlela engenakuqhathaniswa imicimbi, eyadlula ikhulu le-XNUMX nele-XNUMX, eyandulela futhi yalandelwa Ukuzimela kweHaiti.
Ishukunyiswa yindaba yasekuqaleni emangazayo futhi isebenzisa umyalo oncomekayo wezinsizakusebenza ezilandisayo, u-Alejo Carpentier (1904-1980) uqalisa umfundi, ngenxa yamandla ezwi lakhe, ezweni elijabulayo, elinobudlova nelidumile lapho zikhanya khona ngokukhanya kwazo "i-lycanthrope" iMackandal, okuhlangene kuyo ukuhlubuka namandla amakhulu, kanye nomashiqela uHenri Christophe, owazala izakhiwo ezifanele uPiranesi esigodlweni sakhe eSans-Souci nenqaba yaseLa Ferrièrre.
Izinyathelo ezilahlekile
Sivelaphi futhi siyaphi? Imibuzo ejulile yesintu ayizitholi izimpendulo ezithile kwisayensi. Futhi lapho isayensi inikezela ngemikhondo yokungabaza, izincwadi kumele zingene ngegunya nokuzimela.
Isifinyezo: Ubungcweti bokulandisa kweLatin American nomfanekiso ophelele womqondo "wangempela omangalisayo," owashicilelwa ngo-1953, wavula inkathi yobuningi bobuciko bomsebenzi ka-Alejo Carpentier.
Kugqugquzelwe okwenzeka kuye okwaphilwa ngumlobi maphakathi neVenezuela, uhambo lo-protagonist ongaziwa wenoveli emholela ekukhuphukeni i-Orinoco aye ngaphakathi ehlathini eyofuna insimbi yomculo yakudala nayo ivezwa njengokubuyela emuva ngaleso sikhathi, ngezigaba ezibaluleke kakhulu zomlando waseMelika, kuze kube yimvelaphi uqobo, kuze kube yisikhathi samafomu okuqala nokusungulwa kolimi.
Ihabhu nesithunzi
Isizwe yinto esaqhubeka njenge-echo kulo lonke elaseNingizimu Melika. Ukuhlangana neYurophu kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kwakuwukuphambuka okungenakwenzeka phakathi kwalabo abasasinda banikezwa izinganekwane nezinkolelo zabo nalabo abazikholelwa ngokwabo ngaphezu kwezinkomba zabo. Indima kaChristopher Columbus iyaqondakala ngokuyisisekelo. Ukuhlangana phakathi kwamazwe amabili bekungaba enye into ...
Isifinyezo: Ngo-1937, lapho ngenza ushintsho emsakazweni lwencwadi kaClaudel ethi "The Book of Christopher Columbus" yeRadio Luxembourg, ngacasulwa yimizamo ye-hagiographic yombhalo owawuthi ubuhle obedlula obomuntu butholwe yi-Discoverer of America.
Kamuva ngathola incwadi enhle kakhulu kaLéon Bloy, lapho umlobi omkhulu wamaKhatholika engazange afune lutho olungaphansi kokugcotshwa komuntu othile amqhathanisa, ngokusobala, noMose noSanta Peter. Iqiniso ngukuthi abapapa ababili bekhulu leminyaka elidlule, uPÃo Nono noLeón XIII, besekelwa ababhishobhi abayi-850, baphakamisa ukushaywa kukaChristopher Columbus kathathu kwi-Sacred Congregation of Rites; kodwa lokhu, ngemuva kokuhlolwa ngokucophelela kwecala, kwasenqaba ngokuphelele isicelo.
Le ncwadi encane kufanele ibonwe njengokuhlukahluka (ngomqondo womculo wegama) esihlokweni esikhulu esiqhubeka nokuba ngaphezu kwalokho, isihloko esiyindida kakhulu ... Futhi umbhali makasho, azivikele no-Aristotle, ukuthi akulona ihhovisi lezimbongi (noma ake sithi: lombhali wamanoveli) "ukutshela izinto njengoba zenzeka, kepha njengoba kufanele noma kungenzeka ukuthi zenzekile."
