I-Teruel ikhona futhi ababhali bayo bayadlula. Izibonelo ezifana nalezo ze Javier Sierra o Sebastian Roa bakhomba leyo nganekwane yezincwadi ezisezingeni lokuqala kulesi sifundazwe sase-Aragon. Nge Javier Sierra ingxenye yomhlaba ijabulela izimfihlakalo zayo ezinezizathu zomlando. Endabeni kaRoa, kanye ne historia njengokudla, sijabulela umbono wempi ephawula zonke izinhlobo zokuguquguquka komlando.
Iziza ezijabulisayo phakathi kwezingxabano zendawo, zenkolo noma zomphakathi; amasu angaphambi kwempi nokulwa ngesandla nesandla. Udlame luphinde luchaze okwedlule kwethu lapho imingcele incike ebudlelwaneni begazi obusha, izinqumo zezepolitiki ezinentshisekelo enkulu kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokubandlulula ezazingathola kuphela ukulungiswa ebulungiswa benkemba. Singathola konke lokhu nokunye okuningi encwadini ka-Sebastián Roa ekhula ngobuciko.
Amanoveli aphezulu anconyiwe angu-3 kaSebastián Roa
Nemesis
Ukungabi nabulungisa kwenziwa i-Athene. I-Athene yagqugquzela ukuhlubuka ePheresiya futhi yanqwabelanisa izinkuni zomlilo owawugubungele imizi ngemizi. Umuntu wase-Athene owabasa ilangabi kwakungu-Ameninias wase-Eleusis. Yingakho i-Athene nayo kufanele ishe. Kungakho u-Amenias kumele afe.
Ikhulu lesi-XNUMX BC C. Artemisia waseCaria ungowesifazane oyingqayizivele. Ekugcineni ohlwini lozalo lwakhe, uHalicarnassus ubusa futhi uyala umkhumbi wakhe wempi, iNemesis. Ukuphakama kwakhe emandleni akubanga mnandi: umlilo, ukwesaba, ukucwiywa kwezicubu nobugqila kwanyakazisa idolobha lakhe kanye nohlu lozalo lwakhe, okuphawula isiphetho sakhe. Umgomo wakhe awulula: ukuhlenga isibongo sakhe futhi aphakamise okuhle phezu kokubi, okulungile ngokungalungile, iqiniso phezu kwamanga.
Kumelwe athole umenzi wecala: itilosi lase-Athene elihamba nge-trireme emnyama embi, i-Tauros. Ngisho noma kufanele abhekane nezivunguvungu, cwilisa imikhumbi yengxenye yeGreece bese uthungela i-Athene ngokwayo. Lokho kuzomyisa endaweni eyi-labyrinth yeziqhingi namachweba awela uLwandle i-Aegean, futhi athole ukuthi unawo yini amandla kanye nesifiso sokufeza umsebenzi wakhe. Futhi konke ngaphansi kosongo lwempi ezayo phakathi kwamaPheresiya namaGreki.
U-Roa ubuyela emlandweni othakazelisayo wezimpi zezokwelapha, kuze kube manje ephethe amakhosi afana noLeonidas, osomaqhinga abanjengoThemistocles noma ojenene abanjengoMardonio noma uPausanias, kodwa akakaze abe ngowesifazane wangempela, onolaka nohlakaniphile, ngezinye izikhathi othandweni, itilosi elinesibindi esiba ukwesaba amaGreki. Ngengxoxo noHerodotus, u-Artemisia uzositshela ngempilo yakhe kusukela aba umashiqela we-Halicarnassus futhi wayesezoshintsha umlando waseNtshonalanga.
Ibutho likaNkulunkulu
Sitholakala enhliziyweni ye-Almohad Trilogy. Kule ngxenye ewumnyombo yochungechunge, sijabulela isilungiselelo esihle kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo esihehayo.
Unyaka we-1174. Umbuso we-Almohad, oqiniswe ngemva kokunqoba yonke i-Al-Andalus, ulungiselela ukwethula amabutho awo amakhulu emibusweni yobuKristu ehlukene, izakhamuzi zayo ezizophoqa ukuba ziguqukele ku-Islam ngaphansi kwesigwebo sokubabulala ngenkemba noma ukubenza izigqila. . Ibhekene nokushiseka kwe-Afrika, iNkosi u-Alfonso waseCastile izama ukuzuza ukulingana okunqoba imibango phakathi kwamaKristu futhi okuholela ebunyeni ngokumelene nesitha esisodwa.
En Ibutho likaNkulunkulu, amacebo othando, uzungu, impi kanye nesifiso sokuvelela kuhlangene ngobuciko. Umbango oqhubekayo phakathi kwamakhosi aseLeón naseCastilla, elekelelwa ngokulandelana yimindeni enamandla yakwaCastro noLara, uzohlungwa ukungenelela kwenkosikazi enhle nehlakaniphile, u-Urraca López de Haro, kanye namaqhinga ethunzini leNdlovukazi u-Eleanor Plantagenet. Emngceleni ne-Islam, i-Christian Ordoño de Aza izozithola ibanjwe phakathi kobungane bakhe nomuntu wase-Andalusian, u-Ibn Sanadid, kanye nokuthakazelisa okuvuswe kuye nguSafiyya, indodakazi yeNkosi Wolf kanye nomka-Almohad inkosana uYaqub.
Izitha zeSparta
UPromachus noVeleka bayathandana. Kodwa ungumuntu ovamile wegazi elixubile, futhi ungowasebukhosini. Akukho okunye abangakwenza ngaphandle kokubaleka befuna abaseSparta, uPromachus abakhonze kakhulu. Lapho iqhawe laseSparta elizidlayo lithumba uVeleka, u-Promachus ufunga ukuthi uzomhlenga ngisho noma kufanele amfune enhliziyweni yeSparta uqobo. Kodwa ukubhekana nebutho lakhe elinamandla kuyiphupho elingenakwenzeka. Noma mhlawumbe cha. E-Athene, idlanzana labadingisiwe lakha uzungu. Ama-Epaminonda, Pelópidas, Agarista, Plato… Ngamunye ushukunyiswa izizathu zabo, kodwa bonke banomgomo owodwa: ukubuyisela intando yeningi ethathwe iSparta.
Ezinye izincwadi ezinconyiwe nguSebastián Roa…
Ngaphandle komphefumulo. Isenzo sikaSimon de Montfort
AmaGesta akhona angaphezu kwamaqhawe aziwayo. Kumele nje uvume ukutotoswa ngusomlando okwazi ukusihlenga izindaba ezisishiya singawuvali umlomo...
1206. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu etilongweni ogwadule lwaseSyria, uSimon de Montfort ubuyela eNormandy. Kodwa intengo yenkululeko ibe ukulahla umphefumulo wakhe siqu, ukuthunywa kwesenzo esibi esizomhlupha ngaphezu kokuphila, ingunaphakade.
Emagange ukufinyelela umar wakubo ophansi, uSimon uzulazula ezweni elihehayo nelishintshashintshayo aze ahlangane nomkakhe omsulwa, u-Alix de Montmorency, kanye nomuzi ongasabonakali owakhe. Inhlanhla embi, ukuzisola, ukuwa emseni kanye nempi eseduze phakathi kweFrance ne-England kucwilisa uSimón no-Alix nsuku zonke.
Nakuba isiphetho sakhe singekona ukunyamalala emlandweni, kodwa ukugqama ekulweni nokuhlubuka. Ngakho, ukufuna ukuhlengwa kuzobasusa eNormandy kuya eningizimu yeFrance, ezweni elikhungethwe izinxushunxushu, udlame nokuqhekeka kwezenkolo. Emphakathini ohlukene, ohlwanyelwe inzondo enkulu kangangokuthi kulindeleke inala yesivuno sobuhlungu nokufa. Empini lapho uSimón de Montfort kuzodingeka abhekane nenkosi engahluliwe.
U-Simón de Montfort, uma kuqhathaniswa noCid emsebenzini wakhe wezempi omangalisayo, uyisibonelo senkathi ephakathi seqhawe elikhulu nomkhuzi ophumelelayo, naphezu kwakho konke ukuthukwa umlando, futhi ebizwa ngokuthi ushiseka futhi womele igazi.
