Omunye wababhali besiNgisi owaziwa kakhulu namuhla ngu Ian McEwan. Ukukhiqizwa kwakhe okuyinoveli (ubuye wavelela njengombhali wesikrini noma umbhali wemidlalo yokudlala) kusinikeza umbono wokuphumula womphefumulo, nokuphikisana kwawo nezigaba zawo eziguquguqukayo. Izindaba ezimayelana nobuntwana noma uthando, kepha ezikhathini eziningi nge iphoyinti lokuhlanekezelwa eligcina ngokubamba umfundi ekubambeni kwalo, ekwethulweni kwayo kokungajwayelekile, ekuvikelekeni kwayo kokungajwayelekile njengengxenye yalokhu esingaphezu kokuvela kanye nemihlangano.
Kusukela u-Ian McEwan ashicilele incwadi yakhe yokuqala yezindaba ezimfishane emuva ngonyaka we-1975, ukunambitheka kwalezi zincwadi ezingahambisani nakho bekuhambisana naye ngaso sonke isikhathi, ekugcineni eqamba umtapo wezincwadi osuvele unezincwadi ezingamashumi amabili.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuye wathanda kakhulu iziphakamiso ezilandisayo zezingane, ngalelo phuzu lokufunda elingaqondakali kusukela ebusheni noma ebusheni, noma ukuthola ama-nuances amasha ebudaleni, njalo edlulisa umkhondo othakazelisayo wobuntu.
Amanoveli anconyiwe aphezulu amathathu ngu-Ian McEwan
Iphela
Ukuqala kwenoveli ngeke kushiye noma yimuphi umfundi engenandaba, ngoba kuwukuchazwa kabusha kwesiqalo esidume kakhulu se-Kafka's The Metamorphosis. Lapha kuphela amagama aguquliwe futhi sithola iphela okuthe ngelinye ilanga, lapho livuka, lathola ukuthi selingumuntu omkhulu, ikakhulukazi uNdunankulu wase-United Kingdom, uJim Sams. Futhi kuvela ukuthi akuyena yedwa iphela eliguqulelwe ekubeni usopolitiki ohamba emazingeni aphezulu.
Undunankulu ucela abantu ukuthi bazibeke ngaphezu kwakho konke kanye nawo wonke umuntu: abaphikisayo, abangahambisani neqembu lakhe ngisho nePhalamende kanye nemithetho eyisisekelo yentando yeningi. Uhlelo lwakhe oluhamba phambili luwukusebenzisa inkolelo-mbono yezomnotho engenangqondo ebizwa ngokuthi "reversionism", umbono wayo ohlakaniphile ukuguqula indlela yokuhamba kwemali, ukuze umuntu akhokhe emsebenzini futhi athole imali yokuthenga. Ifomula yomlingo okufanele ixazulule zonke izinkinga ...
UMcEwan uvakashela e-Kafka ukuze abonise into engokoqobo esevele inenqwaba ye-Kafkaesque ngokwayo, kodwa ireferensi enkulu ngemuva kokubhuqa kwakhe u-Jonathan Swift, ongomunye wezingcweti kwezobuciko bokusebenzisa amahlaya ukuze agqamise ubulima futhi alwe nakho. Ngenxa yokuxakeka nokucasuka, uMcEwan ubhale incwadi yezimo eziphuthumayo emfushane, enamandla futhi esabekayo egxeka ukucekelwa phansi okwesabekayo kwesigaba sezombusazwe kanye nezingozi ezihambisana nalokhu.
Amsterdam
Abathandi abasosizini lukaMolly Lane babizelwe ukufa kowesifazane okhululiwe. Bangamadoda amane abemthanda ngezikhathi ezehlukene empilweni yakhe.
Kusukela eminyakeni engamashumi ayisithupha ewumsangano lapho intsha yayo ekhululekile yaveza khona ubuhlobo obuntathu phakathi kamufi noClive umculi osafufusa noVernon insizwa ekhulumayo eyayizogcina isebenzisa iphephandaba, ngomshado wayo noGeorge Lane, olunye lwezinhlobo acebe kakhulu ezweni aze agcine ngoJulian Garmony, ophethe ngesandla sokudla ongahambelani kahle nemibono yabathandi bobusha bokuqala bokuqala.
Kuze kube yilapho uGeorge Lane ekubeka konke ... Lokho umyeni kaMolly akudlulisela kuVernon njengentatheli kuyibhomu langempela. UGarmony, ngaphansi kokubukeka kwakhe njengendoda ehloniphekile yelungelo lokugcina kakhulu, ubonakala ehlanganyela nemidlalo yezocansi kaMolly manje, ebonwa esithombeni, eguqula konke kwaba yibhomu ...
Izifundo
Amehlo womlingiswa, ikakhulukazi uma eseyingane, ebhekene nezinguquko, ukuntengantenga kanye nezinguquko zomhlaba ezingaphansi kwesifiso sokuvelela somuntu, cishe ungalokothi ube nomusa, cishe njalo uyimpumputhe. Lena yindlela izingane ezifunda ngayo ngamavelu etiyori. Ukungqubuzana kwezifundo okufanele zifundwe ukuze ube umuntu owusizo... Ngisho nangokwengeziwe lapho umuntu eshiywe yedwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi sakhe futhi kufanele enze izinqumo ezingafaneleki ngokucacile kodwa ezihlale zihlakaniphile ukuze kube khona ukulingana okuthakazelisayo okungazinzile phakathi kwengane kanye umuntu omdala.
Eseyingane, abazali bakaRoland Baines bamthumela esikoleni sokubhoda. Lapho, kude nokuvikelwa komndeni, wathatha izifundo zepiyano nothisha osemusha okuthiwa uMiriam Cornell, aba nakho okuthakazelisayo nokuhlukumezayo okuyingxenye elinganayo, okwakuzophawula ukuphila kwakhe phakade. Nokho, iminyaka isidlulile: U-Roland uye wahamba, wahlala ezindaweni ezihlukene, washada futhi waba nomntwana. Kodwa lapho umkakhe, u-Alissa Eberhardt, emshiya ngaphandle kokunikeza incazelo, izisekelo zeqiniso lakhe ziyazamazama, futhi uphoqeleka ukuba akhe kabusha zonke izinkumbulo zakhe ukuze azame ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani.
Kusukela ebuntwaneni bakhe e-Tripoli, lapho uyise wezempi wayemi khona ngaphambi kokuba umndeni ubuyele eNgilandi, impilo kaRoland ibonakala ngezenzakalo ezinkulu zeminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa edlule: inkinga yaseSuez, imicibisholo yaseCuba, ukuwa koDonga lwaseBerlin, eChernobyl, I-Brexit, ubhubhane ...
Umkhiqizo wesikhathi sakhe, ingane yenkathi yangemva kwempi, ubukhona bakhe buhambisana nezinxushunxushu zengxenye yesibili yekhulu lama-XNUMX nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX. Indodana yokuqala, bese kuba isithandwa, umyeni, ubaba kanye nomkhulu, u-Baines ugxuma esuka komunye umsebenzi aye komunye, uyazi ubulili, izidakamizwa, ubungane nokwehluleka. Futhi ngenkathi ezibuza ukuthi impilo yakhe isibhekephi, okwenzeka ngothisha kusaqhubeka kumkhathaza.
U-Ian McEwan ubhale inoveli yakhe ende futhi mhlawumbe enesifiso esikhulu, ngemva kweNhlawulo kanye neminye imisebenzi ephawulwe umlando kanye nezinguquko zayo ezifana ne-Chesil Beach noma i-Operation Sweet. Izifundo ziyindaba eguquguqukayo emayelana nomlingiswa ozama ukwenza umqondo wempilo yakhe ezweni elishintshayo neliphazamisayo.
Ezinye izincwadi ezinconyiwe ngu-Ian McEwan
Ingadi Yesamente
Uma kunesikhathi lapho umuntu edinga igunya likayise noma likamama lelo ebusheni. Angiqondile ukuziphilisa okuyisisekelo kakhulu okunganikezwa yinoma imuphi umuntu omdala.
Esikhundleni salokho, kumayelana nokubambelela kulokho kuhlakazeka okujwayelekile kokushintshela ekubeni ngumuntu omdala, ngoba uma kungenjalo kungenzeka njengakwizingane ezidlala kule ndaba. Njengoba ubaba eseshonile futhi umama eguqulwe yisifo esingelapheki, sibona ukuthi abafana baliguqula kanjani izwe labo elisha kube yisifiso sokwenzeka kwabo.
Umbalisi, ongeyena omunye wabantwana, usichazela ngokukhululeka komuntu ongatholi mingcele, ukuvuka kwakhe emhlabeni ongenawo umkhawulo wabo bonke.
Yize ngandlela thile, umqondo wokuncika komuntu ungabuye unqanyulwe, ungakwazi ukuzimela yena ngesizathu sakhe esinamandla, ngaphandle kokunqotshwa yizo kanye izingibe ezinikezwa ubuhlakani.
Emafini
Enye yalezi zincwadi zokufunda kabili engikhulume ngazo phambilini. Uhlobo lokubuyela emuva komuntu omdala epharadesi lakhe elithile lobuntwana.
Singena ezicathulweni zikaPeter Fortune, oqala ngendaba yakhe kusukela eneminyaka eyi-10, isikhathi lapho ukucabanga kwakhe okuchichimayo kwamholela khona ezenzweni ezihlanya kakhulu, kusinika lowo mbono omnandi wanoma yibuphi ubuntwana bethu, kuze kufike umzuzu .okuguquguquka okukhethekile ebudaleni, okulandiswa njengezinyathelo ezithile ezididayo ekutholakaleni kothando lokuqala ...
