Ngubani ongazange ame abuke izinkanyezi ebusuku? Kunoma yimuphi umuntu, ohlale enesizathu, ukubukwa nje kwedome eligcwele izinkanyezi kuphakamisa imibuzo emibili: yini ekhona futhi senzani lapha?
Le ncwadi inikeza ukungqubuzana okuphelele kakhulu kombuzo ophindwe kabili.
Kungazwakala kukuzenzisa, kepha akungabazeki ukuthi lolu hambo olusuka kwesayensi yezinkanyezi luye kokuma komhlaba, ezenhlalo kanye nefilosofi kuba yinto yokufunda phakathi kwesayensi nokucabanga okujulile. Konke lokhu ukubuza imodeli yethu njengempucuko ezinikele ekusetshenzisweni kwembulunga yonke. Ngaphandle kokuhluleka ukukhombisa ukuthi ukubhala kugcine kubhekane nokusatshalaliswa nokwaziswa kokuqwashisa kwenza konke kuqondakale ngokumangazayo.
Zimbalwa izikhathi dissertation yongoti wanoma yimuphi umkhakha ogcina ekutholeni ekuthuthukisweni kwawo isici sokwenziwa kwalo msebenzi. Ukulinganisela okumangalisa ngempela emakhasini angama-360 agcwele imininingwane, izibonelo kanye nemibono egcina iqamba i-symphony ngendlela esiphila ngayo, endabeni yethu yendawo yonke esingabubuleki kuyo ngenxa yokwanda kwayo okungenakuphikiswa.
Kungashiwo ukuthi siqale ngeBig Bang njengesiqalo esenziwe imephu sayo yonke into futhi safinyelela ngisho nasekwazini okukhona komfundi odla amakhasi. Okwamanje sithokozela imininingwane enelukuluku ekhishwe emithonjeni ehlukahlukene: ngokwesibonelo, ukwazi ukuthi isayensi inganquma kanjani ukuthi ukuxoshwa ePharadesi kwenzeka ngoMsombuluko, Novemba 10, 4004 BC. Yize kunjalo, babenakho kulula, uMsombuluko bekufanele kube njalo.
Kepha into ethakazelisa kakhulu ngale ncwadi ukuthi, ngandlela thile, ifika ukusibeka njengezinhlobo ezifanayo ezinengqondo. Asihlukile kangako kulabo ababengaphambi kwethu. Ngaphandle kokwehluka endleleni yethu yokuqonda umhlaba. Kusukela ezinsukwini ezedlule, lapho sasikholelwa ukuthi sasiyinhliziyo yendawo yonke, kuze kube namuhla lapho siwuhlupho lweplanethi elingamisiwe nxazonke zenkanyezi. Futhi lokho kusho ukuzizwa sisodwa nokukhubazeka kokubhekana nezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu zempucuko yethu njengamanje, ngaphandle kwenzuzo ebonakalayo ngaphezu kokhokho bethu.
Ngokwakheka kwayo kokuhamba kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo yonke into kuye emathubeni esikhathi esizayo, impikiswano yencwadi igcwele izinkomba zesayensi ezicebile (ikakhulukazi ezinobuhlakani kwezokuma komhlaba nezinkanyezi), ezinikeza ukufundwa okumnandi. Ekucukeni kokulandisa, noma kunjalo, sibuyela ekubeni yilezo zingane ezicabanga ngesibhakabhaka esigcwele izinkanyezi, ngenkathi njengabantu abadala singakwazi ukuzihambisa kulo mhlaba olinganiselwe esiwushiyile.
Kungaba nesibindi esikhulu kimi ukuzama ukwenza isifinyezo esithe xaxa sobuchwepheshe salo msebenzi wokucwaninga omkhulukazi kanye nencazelo ethokozisayo ehambisana nanoma iyiphi impikiswano. Kepha kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa okuhle kakhulu okungenziwa ukuthi le ncwadi ingenye yezinkomba eziphelele kakhulu zamanje zokuqonda esikwenzayo emhlabeni, nokuthi yini esingayenza ukuze singagcini sibangela ukuqothulwa okukhulu kwesithupha okulindelwe , eyokuqala yaklanywa yilabo abathintwe yiplanethi enguMhlaba.
Kusukela ku-nebular hypothesis ehlanganisa i-astrophysics ngisho nefilosofi ngokusebenzisa ongqondongqondo abanjengoKant ekubuyekezweni kwesimo esijwayelekile somuntu. Konke kunengqondo ukwethula ukuqagela ngekusasa lethu kule planethi, indawo okuyothi, noma ngabe ikuphi, kungabi yilokho okuvele kuboniswe ukububula kwamandla anwebela ekubhekaneni nobubanzi.
Kusuka eGeneralitat, kusuka kumkhathi, kusuka kusistimu yelanga efinyelela eMhlabeni ibonwa njengePangea. Sibe sesiyeka ukuncibilikisa ukwakheka komhlaba, okuphilayo kanye nokuziphendukela kwemvelo ekubumbeni kwabo. Isimo sonke sesimo sethu somuntu.
Indawo efana neyethu njengoMhlaba akuyona eyethu kangako. Ezinkulungwaneni zayo zeminyaka eziningi kube yizinhlobo esezihambile futhi ezanyamalala ngokuhlukahluka nakho okuphawulwe ngamabhinca kanye neziqephu eziyinhlekelele.
Kodwa-ke, asikwazi ukuthola isimanga lapho sithi sikhokhisa iplanethi ngoba ngaphandle kokungabaza uMhlaba uzodlula isikhathi sethu futhi kuzoba yindaba yokudlula lapha sinobuhlungu obuningi kunenkazimulo uma sifeza ukuzibhubhisa sihlelile (Ngemuva kwe- Indawo yokukhishwa eChernobyl, ngifuna i-synecdoche njengesifaniso sokunyamalala komuntu, impilo yavela kabusha). Ngakho-ke kungahle kube ngokugcina iplanethi ihlaleka kithi ngokwethu isikhathi eside kangcono. Futhi lokho kuhlanganisa ukuthola ibhalansi nokuhlonishwa kokhokho.
Uma sibheka okwedlule okude kakhulu kweplanethi yethu, ukuqhamuka kwepaleoclimate nezinye izinto eziningi ezingasinikeza izixazululo zedrama yamanje. Encwadini sithola imininingwane ethokozisayo ngokunyamalala kwe-megafauna (mhlawumbe kungukuthi ekugcineni omncane uhlale enethuba elingcono lokweqa, lokucasha)
Yize manje sinesayensi nobuchwepheshe njengezisekelo njengenyunyana ephelele, asiphephile kakhulu kunangesikhathi abantu bezinikela ezinganekwaneni noma enkolweni. Futhi akunakushiwo ukuthi isikhathi sethu sibone intuthuko enkulu uma iqhathaniswa nabanye abantu abakwazi ukuzwa ukutholwa okuhlukahlukene kobukhulu bokuqala.
Ngoba, ngokwesibonelo, namuhla inkinga yaseMalthusian yokugcwala ngokweqile iyaqhubeka ilenga njengenkemba yaseDamocles, ingeza kukho ukusweleka kwamanzi ahlanzekile njengomphumela wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ngeshwa, sesivele sesibona umkhawulo we-2ºc wokubheka ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu njengosongo olufana nobhadane lwangaphambili emiphumeleni yalo emibi kakhulu. Unyaka ka-2036 uvela kubafundi abaningi njengowokuqala, uhambo lokungabuyeli ...
Lo mkhawulo awuyona into engenasisekelo, umkhawulo we-whimsical. Imayelana nokucubungula izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile ngaphambi nje kweNguquko Yezimboni, futhi sesikudlulile ngaphezu kuka-1ºc. Okusolwa kakhulu ngalokhu kwanda kubonakala kungukusetshenziswa kwamafutha ezimbiwa phansi. Futhi yilapho ebengifuna ukukuqonda ngokufunda (nginethemba lami), ukuthi lisekhona ithemba. Yize amandla aluhlaza nawo enezici zawo eziphikisanayo ...
Njenganoma ikuphi ukufundwa okuyiqiniso, kule ncwadi sithola iphuzu lokukholelwa ekubhekaneni nokuqothulwa okungenzeka. I-Anthropocene esiphila kuyo, ithathwa njengesikhathi lapho umuntu eshintsha khona konke, eguqula konke, ebafanisa nezikhathi ezedlule ezaziphawuleka ngezinguquko ezinkulu.
Sibhekene nekusasa leplanethi ene-feverish syndrome engahumusha kube ukunyakaza okungalawuleki kokufuduka kanye nezingxabano eziningi.
Ngenhlanhla, noma ngenxa yethemba elikwaziyo ukushintsha ama-inertias amabi, ngokwazi ngezincwadi ezifana nalezi, singangeza izifiso zokushintsha.
Manje usungathenga indlela esiphila ngayo: Umuntu, ukuqhuma kwakhe neMvelo kanye Naye, incwadi ethakazelisa kakhulu kaFernando Acosta, lapha:
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