I-aura yokuziphindiselela ezungeza i- Bulgakov ukuthi izincwadi zakhe ezinonya nezingajwayelekile zivela ekugxekweni okungokoqobo kuzifihlwe ngaphansi kwesimangaliso noma ngisho nokumangalisayo, kumenze abe umbhali ophuma emsebenzini ophilayo, umlando okhubazekile kanye nepheroshi efihlekile.
Ecasula ingxenye enkulu yamandla aseSoviet, ayejabulela umusa kuwo ngenkathi esebenza njengodokotela noma lapho esengumbhali wemilando ofanayo, (kodwa lapho engazange akhululeke lapho enquma ukuzinikela ezincwadini), uBulgakov kancane kancane waba umbhali. uhlobo lombhali ophikisayo, ocushwe futhi eshushiswa amaphoyisa ezombusazwe, kodwa esindisa isikhumba sakhe izikhathi eziningi. Mhlawumbe ngenxa yendlela yayo eqanjiwe esobala, uma kuqhathaniswa nokuthi yibuphi ubuqiniso obuncane obubucayi obungase buhlanjululwe.
Mhlawumbe yingakho umsebenzi wakhe obucayi kakhulu njengokuthi "The Master and Margarita" waba ukuthi umsebenzi awuzange uqedwe ngokuphelele, uhlale ugcinwe ekhabetheni ulinde izikhathi ezibucayi futhi ubuyekezwe ngokuqhubekayo kuze kube sekufeni kwakhe, ngisho nasekutakulweni kwakhe kamuva.
Futhi umbhali omkhulu wezindaba ezimfushane noma amanoveli, u-Bulgakov uzuza ifa lobukhona obubandayo be EChekhov kuphela ukuthi wadlula emthonjeni osuka ekuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe okudidayo njengodokotela waya ekugxileni kwakhe okukhethekile ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo komlando.
Izincwadi Eziphezulu Ezi-3 Ezinconyiwe ngu-Mikhail Bulgakov
Uthisha noMargarita
Intando yokubusa ifana kakhulu kunoma yisiphi isikhathi somlando, kangangokuthi ukuqonda ukufaneleka komsebenzi ofana nalo kuqondakala kakhulu. Kodwa njenganoma iyiphi enye intando yomuntu, ezikhathini eziningi kubonakala sengathi yenziwa emlilweni wesihogo umkhandi wensimbi okuthiwa uDeveli owathukuthelisa uNkulunkulu owadala umuntu njengomsebenzi odumazayo.
Lapho udeveli efika eMoscow ukuze abukeze ngezikhathi ezithile zonke idolobha elizinikele ngokusobala kumiklamo yakhe, sizohlangana nomlingiswa odumile njengoMargarita, endaweni ephakeme yeDante, umlingiswa ondiza phezulu ngaphezu kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezakhamizi zedolobha elifinyelela kuzo ngokuphelele. ilandela iziqondiso zesimo somuntu esidabukisayo.
Ngokuziqhenya ngomsebenzi wakhe, udeveli, nokho, uphikelela kulowo Margaret ongayekethisi nesilingo esinethezekile sobubi esibusa phezu kobuthakathaka nezilingo ezinokonakala kalula nezithetheleleka ngendlela eyinqaba phakathi kokucabanga nonembeza.
Kunephuzu lokuxaka emnyombeni wendaba, kodwa hhayi ukuqedwa okuphelele komsebenzi osibonisa indalo ephazamisayo yesikhathi sombhali. Intambo icacile futhi i-subplots ye-meta-literary enelukuluku kude nomzuzu oyinhloko womlando (ngesikhathi nendawo) ikhonza ukuxhumanisa yonke into, ukugxila kakhulu endaweni yesehlakalo esikhulu, ikusasa likadeveli ngokusebenzisa umhlaba wenza inkantolo yakhe ethembekile, phakathi kwezinyanyekayo namahlaya.
Ngaphandle kuka-Margarita, iqhawekazi elithuthukisiwe lokuziphatha okungase kube khona insalela naphezu kwakho konke. Ngoba kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sitshelwa kangakanani nge-apula nePharadesi, cishe kwakungu-Adamu ngokwakhe owaqopha isithelo. Udeveli ubenganakekela ukubhala yonke into ehlehla.
Amaqanda abulalayo
Mhlawumbe okuwukuphela kwendlela yokubhekana ne- totalitarianism ukuze ukwazi ukulwa nabo kunembeza womphakathi yizinganekwane ezisesitayeleni George Orwell noma iphupho elihlekisayo elimele le noveli.
Ngoba akusho lutho ukuthi umbuso wondlovukayiphikiswa, kungaba kwesokunxele noma kwesokudla. Inkinga ukwesaba, ukuzithoba okuwumphumela kanye namandla atholakalayo okwenza iningi lezakhamuzi libe amakholwa akhonzayo. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuhlasela okungaphezu kwalokho okungenzeka kukho konke okuzwakala sengathi ukuphikiswa yinoma yimuphi umuntu ongenwe yilolo valo lokuqala. Ngaphansi kongqimba lwephupho elingelona iqiniso kangako, umbhali uthumela iqiniso elibuhlungu ngokuqhuma kwakhe okujwayelekile kwamahlaya, kwesinye isikhathi alimazayo, akhaliphe njalo futhi ahlakaniphe.
USolwazi Persikov uhileleke ekuphenyeni ukuphinga kwezilwane nezitshalo ukuze zikhule ngokungafani (kuzwakala njengokushintsha kwethu izakhi zokudla). Kodwa ekugcineni, izilwane kanye nezifanekiso zabo, ezibekwe yizidingo zikahulumeni zokuthuthukisa leso sikhundla, zifinyelele amazinga obukhulu akhathazayo, asabekayo, anjengephupho... Futhi-ke, ekugcineni izilo zithola indlela yazo yokuphunyuka futhi zisabise ukwehla. lonke elaseRussia ngenxa yobuwula balabo abakholelwa ukuthi bangabusa yonke into ngokuthanda kwabo.
I-Morphine
Uma kungakhulelwa lokho Edgar Allan Poe yayizelwe kabusha kumlobi ongumRashiya, le ncwadi yayingaqondwa njengobufakazi obucace kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwenhloso yokugcina yombhali oyedwa noma omunye, ngokungangabazeki okuphawulwe yizimo zomlando zomunye nomunye kanye nemprinta yokudala eyabaholela ekugcineni ekubhaleni, ukuthanda okufanayo kokumnandi kwabo bobabili ababhali kanye nokunambitha kwezidakamizwa kuholele kulobo buhlakani ngezinye izikhathi. kufihliwe.
Ukusihola nokusithatha bafundi kulezo zigigaba ezihanjelwa empilweni ngabantu abajwayele ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezehlukene. Kodwa iphuzu liwukuthola emsebenzini ofana nalo incazelo yenqubo, ukuhlelwa kohambo oluya kulawo mapharadesi angokwengqondo, kulokhu okudonswa ukwazi yi-morphine.
Njengodokotela osemusha futhi mhlawumbe ezungezwe umsebenzi wakhe, ebhekene nezimo ayengazicabangi, u-Bulgakov waphendukela kulesi sidakamizwa ukuze agweme. Kule ncwadi sidlula kulezo zinsuku udokotela osemncane ebhekene nokwethulwa kwakhe engozini ngendlela engafanele nengalindelekile, ebhekene namacala abengasoze awabale ngomsebenzi wakhe.
