Izincwadi ezi-3 ezihamba phambili zika-Ayn Rand

Lapho isazi sefilosofi sithanda Alisa Zinovievna uqondise kakhulu umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala kwezinganekwane, singaqiniseka ukuthi sizithokozela izindaba ezithwele izimpawu. Endabeni yalo mbhali kuphela, uvikelekile ngemuva kwe- mbumbulu we Ayn Rand, ayigutshuzelwa kokuqanjiwe kodwa iqala kokungokoqobo okugcwala ukuqhuma okukhulu kobuntu.

Encwadini yezincwadi eziqanjiwe ka-Rand sidlula ezimeni ezihlukahlukene lapho ngezinye izikhathi zikhomba i-dystopian noma ezicwilisa izimpande zabo kokukhona, okuhlwanyelwe yilokho ukwazi okungamahlalakhona kwawo wonke umcabango ozinikele emsukeni wokuphakamisa izindaba.

Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi lo mbhali uyindlalifa yabalobi bezindaba abakhulu baseRussia EChekhov, UDostoevsky o UTolstoy, leyo mithombo yokubona ngokoqobo okubandayo, kwezinhlamvu eziboshwe emabuleni abandayo okusinda.

Kodwa U-Ayn Rand waqala ukushicilela imisebenzi yakhe esevele ifakiwe e-United States ngemva kokuphunyuka ebusheni bakhe eRussia lapho enza khona umlando wakhe wokulandisa. Futhi lokho kwanquma imvelo eyingxube yezindaba zakhe, ngokuvuswa kwezinsuku zakhe zobumnyama eRussia yenguquko yamaBolshevik.

Uphawu lokwehlukanisa, njengoba ngithi, luzoholela eminyakeni eminingi kamuva kumanoveli akhe futhi kamuva izindatshana zefilosofi. Ukupaka lelo qophelo le-theorizer, lapho u-Ayn asungula khona imicabango emisha, sigxila kumuntu wakhe njengombhali wamanoveli.

Amanoveli anconyiwe aphezulu amathathu ngu-Ayn Rand

Ukuhlubuka kwe-Atlas

Inoveli eqhamuka ngenxa yokukhathala ngobukhomanisi, noma kunalokho isuka ekukhukhuleni komlando kobushiqela. Kusukela olwazini lwakhe lwezindlela zalolu hlobo lombuso, u-Ayn Rand waheha abafundi baseMelika, kanye nomhlaba wonke, ngesakhiwo esimnandi kakhulu, esishubile ngendlela esabekayo.

Ngesizinda sobubi bezenhlalo bazo zonke izinhlelo zezombangazwe, sibona isimo esiyincithakalo senhlekelele enkulu e-United States. Izimpahla ziqala ukushoda futhi ukusinda kuba yinjwayelo.

Ingqinamba endala phakathi kokungenelela kombuso kanye nenkululeko yezomnotho isibeka kuleso simo esinzima sokulinganisela okungenakwenzeka lapho ubuwula besigaba sezombangazwe benza ukusimama komphakathi osekuwohlokeni kungenzeki nakakhulu.

Ngoba uma umnotho uwohloka, uyakwazi ukubona okubi kakhulu kwesintu. Ngokuthinta okungangabazeki kwentokozo yezokuhlalisana kwabantu, umbhali usethula emicabangweni ejulile. Abekho abasindisi noma izindlela zokupheka eziyimilingo lapho bebhekene nobunzima, mhlawumbe amaqhawe amancane akhanyisa indlela esuka ezimo zengqondo eziguqukayo neziyisibonelo.

Intwasahlobo

Inoveli eyadonsa umbhali okwathi kuze kube manje ehamba emathunzini abo bonke ababhali abafisa ukushaywa yinhlanhla. I-protagonist yale ndaba kaHoward Roark, umakhi wezakhiwo ngomsebenzi. Isingathekiso esiyela ngasocansini sale nhlangano njengento yokwakha idolobha. Kepha lapho ubhekene ne-costumbrismo ne-inertia etholakala kuzo zonke izindawo, uHoward uzama ukwenza izinto ezintsha, ukunikela ngombono wakhe wobuciko wokuguqula konke.

Ebhekwa njengensizwa efisa ukuvelela kodwa ngokungangabazeki enenkani, u-Howard kuzofanele azifake njengomunye futhi, oshiseka ngombala phakathi kwempunga yemihlangano. Yonke into ibonakala ibopha uzungu ngokumelene nentando yakhe yensimbi yokuphakamisa izinguquko, kusukela kumalungu akanye naye kuya embuthanweni wakhe oseduze futhi ngokwengeza uhulumeni uqobo, onciphisa isenzo sakhe emibuthanweni evaliwe yesikhungo sonke.

Kusuka kuWoward, siqhubekela phambili endleleni edlula kude naleso senzo sifuna ukuphuma kokuhlukaniswa okubamba uHoward. Ngoba inhloso enkulu yokulandisa ukuveza lokho kungafani phakathi komuntu nomuntu ojwayelekile. Lokho kucabanga komkhuba njengokuhle, ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokwesaba ushintsho.

Labo abahlala

Mhlawumbe inoveli yomlando womuntu ngenhloso yokuvala izahluko ezedlule. Kusukela afika e-United States ngawo-XNUMX, kwathatha iminyaka eyishumi ukuthi umbhali ashicilele lokhu kuqala.

Ufakwe esimweni sakhe esisha esibalulekile futhi ngokugxila okubanzi kwesikhathi esidlulile, umbhali uzembulela abalingiswa bale ndaba, izakhamizi zombuso waseSoviet kanye nabafisa ukuthola izilinganiso zenkululeko ezingacabangeki kulelo zwe ezimakwe kuzo zonke izingqimba iziqubulo wayazi kahle indlela yokuchaza George Orwell, ikakhulukazi enganekwaneni engokomfanekiso "Ipulazi Lezilwane." Kulesi senzakalo umlobi akazange axabane nezifenqo futhi usinikeza indaba eqinile mayelana nokungenzeki lapho kubhekene nokungabi nabulungisa okwenziwe umthetho.