ื“ื™ 3 ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ

La ืคืจืื ืฆื•ื™ื–ื™ืฉ ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจื™ื™ึท ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืžืึธื•ืžืึทื ืฅ. ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื“ืขืจืงืขื ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ Fred vargas ื•ื•ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื ืกืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืึทืก ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ ืจืึธืœืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื’ื•ื˜ืข ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืฉืึทื ืจืึท ืงืจื™ื’ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ Franck thilliez ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ (ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืขืžืขื ืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืš ืื™ืฆื˜ ื™ืงืกืคึผืึทื ื“), ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคืึธืงื•ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืฉืึทื ืจืึท ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ืกืœืขื›ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ืฉื™ืคื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึธืจื“ื™ืง ืœืขื ื“ืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ื™ื ืขื ื˜ืึทืœ ืื™ื™ืจืึธืคึผืข.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืืžืช ืื™ื– ืึทื– ืคึฟืจืึทื ืงืจื™ื™ึทืš ืื™ื– ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืžืงื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื˜ืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืจืืžืื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืื ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื›ื ื˜ ืคื™ื ืฆื˜ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉ. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืึทื‘ืึทื˜ืฉืึธ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ืŸ "ื ืึธื™ืจ" ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึธืคื˜ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืึธืคึผืฉื™ืงืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื›ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืžืขื ืก ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืขืžื‘ืขื“ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืึทืคื˜ืœืขืš ืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ, ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืฆื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขื‘ื•ื˜ ืคื™ืœื "ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื–", ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืœืึทืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืคืจืื ืฆื•ื™ื–ื™ืฉ ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืžืึธืœ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืขื ื˜ื™ื˜ื™ ืจืขื“ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึท ืžื—ื‘ืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืึธืœืก ืคื•ืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืงืึทื ื˜ืขืก ืื•ื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื’ืœืขืš ื•ื•ื™ื ืขืจื– ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ืกื˜ ืคืจื™ืขืจ ืฆื• ืขืคึฟืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืงืจืึธื•ื•ืก. .. ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื™ื•ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื™ ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจืŸ, ืกื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจืคืœืึธื•ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜.

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืจื™ืžื˜ ื–ืฉื•ืจื™ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืื•ื™ืš ืคืจืื ืฆื•ื™ื–ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืจืืคืขื™ืฉืขืจ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ. ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืึทืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžืขืจ ืจืืžืื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึทื˜ืฉื™ื•ื•ื“ ืึท ืขื ืœืขืš ืคึผืจืึทืœ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืคื™ืœ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื ืกืคึผื™ื™ืขืจื“ ื•ื•ืขืจืง.

ืฉืคึผื™ืฅ 3 ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ

ืœื•ืกื™ืึท

ืกืึทืœืึทืžืึทื ืงืึท ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืขืคึผืึทืกืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื’ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ. ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืกื™ื ืขืžืึทื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืง ืึทืกืคึผืขืงื˜ (ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ืึธืœืœื™ื•ื•ืึธืึธื“ ืžื“ืจื’ื”) ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืืจื™ืฉืข ืคึผืจืขื–ืขื ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’. ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืžืึธื ื•ืžืขื ื˜ืึทืœ ืฉื™ื™ื ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืึธืคืคืขืจืก ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื ืงืœ ืกืคึผื™ื™ืกืึทื– ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืœื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ. ืฉืื˜ื ืก ืขื ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ืฉืžื” ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ ืคืืจืœื™ืจื˜ ืื™ืจ ื”ืืจื™ื–ืื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืžื’ืขืจื™ื›ื˜ ืฉื™ื ืื”. ื“ืึธืก ืžืึธืœ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ ืฆื• ื™ื‘ืขืจืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืฆื• ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืก ื™ื‘ืขืจืจืึทืฉืŸ.

Salamanca, ื”ืึทืจื‘ืกื˜ 2019. ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืงืึธืžืคึผื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืŸ ืคึผืึธืœื™ืฆื™ื™ึท ืคืึธืจืกืขืก ืฆื• ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–, ื–ืขืงืก ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืกื˜ื•ื“ืขื ื˜ืŸ ืกื•ืคึผืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ืžื™ื ืึธืœืึธื’ื™ ืคึผืจืึธืคืขืกืึธืจ Salomรณn Borges ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื“ื™ ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ืขื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžื™ืกื˜ืขืจื™ืขื– ืžืขืจื“ืขืจ, ืคืึทืจื‘ืึธืจื’ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื™ืึธืจืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ื ื’, ื•ื•ืขืžืขื ืก ืžืึธื“ืข ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทื ื“ื™ ื‘ืืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื’ื™ื ื’ ืจืขื ืขืกืึทื ืก ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื’ืœื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืœืœื‘ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ืžืก.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ื ื’ ืœื•ื˜ืขื ืึทื ื˜ Lucรญa Guerrero, ืึท ืžื™ื˜ื’ืœื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืœื™ื˜ื™ืกื˜ ืกืขื ื˜ืจืึทืœ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ืึทืคึผืึทืจืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื•ื•ื™ืœ ื’ืึทืจื“, ื”ืื˜ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืื™ืจ ืฉื•ื˜ืขืฃ ื’ืขืงืจื™ื™ืฆื™ืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœื•ื“ ืฆื• ืึท ื‘ืขืจื’ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื•ืฆืงืขืจืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทื“ืจื™ื“. ืึทืŸ ืื•ืžื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืœืขื›ืข ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ื–ืึทื ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ Salomon Borges ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื•ืžืคืึธืจืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผืึทื ื™ืฉ ื’ืขืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืืกืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Salamanca ืฆื• Segovia ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืจืขื ืขืขืก ืคื•ืŸ Huesca, ืื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื‘ืึทืžืึทื ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืžืขืจื“ืขืจ.

ืžื™ื˜ Salamanca ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืึทื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื‘ืึทืงื“ืจืึทืคึผ, ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ ืึธืคืคืขืจืก ืื•ื ื“ื– ืึท ื˜ื”ืจื™ืœืœืขืจ ื•ื•ื• ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคื˜, ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื“ื™ืคึผืึทืกื˜ ื˜ืขืจืขืจื– ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืจ ื“ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื’ ืืžืช ื•ื•ื™ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข.

ืœื•ืกื™ืึท ื“ื•ืจืš ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ

ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ

ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื‘ืข, ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื“ืขืจืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ืžื’ืขืœื•ืžืคึผืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ื–ืึทื, ืื™ื– ืขืคึผืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจื™ืง ื ืึธืขื ื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜. ื“ื™ ืคึผื•ื™ืœื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืฆื™ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื™ื’ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจื’ืกื˜ ื‘ื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืึธืจ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจืœืึทืคึผ. ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขืœืขื’ื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื‘ืขืœืขื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืง, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจืงืœืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืจืงืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืžืึธืœ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ. ื ืึธืจ ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื’ืฒืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืืฑืš ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขื ืข ืฉื“ื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืึทืคึฟืึทืœืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ, ืฐืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืคึผืจื•ึผืฐืŸ ืฆื•ืฆื™ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืขื“ื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื™ืขืจ, ื‘ืคึฟืจื˜ ื›ึผื“ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื–ื›ึผืจื•ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืฒึทื ื™ืงืŸ...

ืžืื™ 1993. ืึทืžื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœื™ืก ืึธืขืกื˜ืขืจืžืึทืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื ืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทืจืึธื ื ืข, ืฆื•ื’ืขื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ื•ื™ื ื˜ืจื•ื ืงืก ืื•ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืงืึทืžื™ื•ื ื™ืึทืŸ. ืื–ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืื•ื™ืกืคืืจืฉื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืื–, ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ืคืึธื•ืงื™ืกื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืคืžืขืจืงื–ืึทืžืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ Erik Lang, ืึท ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ืจืืžืื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ื–ืึทื ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื’ ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืึธื•ื ื–, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ื˜ื™ื˜ืœ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืงืึทืžื™ื•ื ื™ืึทืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืขืจืฆื™ืง ืื ื”ืขื ื’ืขืจืก. ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืœ ืื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจืžืึทื›ื˜ ื ืึธืš ืึทืŸ ืึทื ืคืึธืจืกื™ืŸ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืึทื– ืงืขืจืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ืคืœ.

ืคืขื‘ืจื•ืึทืจ 2018. ื“ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืขืจ ืขืจื™ืง ืœืึทื ื’ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื“ืขืจื“ ืคืจื•ื™, ืื•ื™ืš ืื ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืงืึทืžื™ื•ื ื™ืึทืŸ. ืคึฟื™ื ืฃึพืื•ืŸึพืฆื•ื•ืึทื ืฆื™ืง ื™ืึธืจ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ื– ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืึทื– ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขื˜ื•ื ืงืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื›ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืึทืœื˜ืข ืคื—ื“ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืงืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ, ื‘ื™ื– ืขืจ ื’ืจืขื ืขืฆื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื‘ืกืขืกื™ืข.

ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื–

ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืžืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ื–ืึทื ื—ื™ื” ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืขืจื’ืกื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื™ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื“ ืึทื ื™ืžืึทืœืก. ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืึทื– ืึทืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืฉื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ืคืึทืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืคึผืขืจืกืคึผืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืงืึทื‘ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฆื• ื›ืขื“ืึทื“ ืึท ืคืขืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจืึธื‘ ื’ืขื’ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจืื ืฆื•ื™ื–ื™ืฉ ืคึผื™ืจืขื ืขืขืก. ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ื–ืึทื ื•ื•ืขื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืœื™ืžืึทื ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื›ื™ื™ึทืข ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืคืจื™ื™ ืงืึทืžืฃ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืขืคึผืขืก ืึทืžืึทื ืึทืก, ืึทืŸ ืึทืกืคึผืขืงื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืึทื˜ืึทื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ ืฆืขืจืขืžืึธื ื™ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกื™ืžื– ืฆื• ืจื™ื›ื˜ื  ื–ื™ืš ืึท ืจืขืคึผืขืจืงื•ืกืกื™ืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืœืขื•ื•ืขืœืก, ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืคึผืœื•ืฆืขืžื“ื™ืง ืฉื˜ื•ืจืขื ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืœืึทื ื“ื–ืฉื“ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืจื’ ืคึผื™ืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืฃ ื˜ืึธืœ.

ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ื˜ื™ืคึผ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื˜ืึทืœืึทื ื˜ื™ืจื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื“ืขื“ื•ืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข ืงืึทืคึผืึทืฆื™ื˜ืขื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ืคื“ืขืงื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึทื“ื™ ื•ืคื“ืขืงื•ื ื’. ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืึทื ื’ืขื ื˜ื™ืึทืœ ื‘ืึทื’ืขื’ืขื ื™ืฉ, ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื•ื•ืขืจื– ื“ื™ืึทื ืข ื‘ืขืจื’, ืึท ืฉืคึผืึธื’ืœ ื ื™ื™ึท ืกื™ื™ืงืึทืœืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื™ืงื™ืึทื˜ืจื™ืง ืฉืคึผื™ื˜ืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ื’ืขื’ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื•ึผ ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ืื™ืจ ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’. ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ืึท ืžืึธื“ื ืข ื˜ืขืœืœื•ืจื™ืง ืงืจืึทืคื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืื•ื•ื•ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืืœื˜ืข ื‘ืขืจื’ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืœ ืคืึธืจืึทืก. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืึทื– ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืฅ.

ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื–ืฉืึทืกื˜ืึทืคื™ื™ื– ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ื ืขื‘ืขืš ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื–. ื“ื™ ืขืจื’ืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืื™ื– ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึธืจื˜, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืึธื“ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ื™ื“ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื™ื’ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืงืึทืคึผืึทื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ื™ื™ึทืข, ื•ื™ืกืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื™ืžื‘ืึธืœืก, ืขื ื™ื’ืžืึทืก, ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื’ื ื˜, ืกื™ื™ืœืึทื ืกื˜ ืกื™ืงืจื™ืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ , ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ื™, ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ืžืก.

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœืข ื”ืึทืจืžืึธื ื™ืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืœืึทื ื“ืฉืึทืคื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจื–ืขื ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ, ืึท ืฉืจืขืงืœืขืš ืงืึทื ืกืคึผื™ืจืึทืกื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ึทื ื•ื•ื•ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืจื’ ืึท ืคืึธื“ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื—ืฉื“ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืคึผืึทืกื˜ ื˜ืขืจืึธืจ, ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื•ื•ืึธื•ืงืก ื“ื™ ืขืกืึทื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืจื™ื“ื–ืฉื ืึทืœื™ ื’ืขื”ืขืจืŸ ืฆื• ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืคื™ื ืฆื˜ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ื•ึผ ื ื™ืฆืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืขื ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืึธืจืžื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึธื‘ืกืงื•ืจืึทื ื˜ื™ื–ืึทื ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœื˜ ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ืŸ. ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื™ื– ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืขืคึผืขืก ืงืœืึธืจ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืข ืกื™ืงืจื™ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ืึธืœ.

ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื–

ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ืจืึธืžืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ

ื•ื•ืึทืœื™

ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื–ืขืงืก ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœืžืึทื ืฅ ืžื™ื˜ "ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืœื™" ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืกืขืจื™ืข ืคืึธื•ืงื™ืกื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืึทื– ืงืึทืžืึทืคืœืึทื–ืฉื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืจืขื ืขืขืก ื•ื•ืขืžืขื ืก ืขืงืึธื•ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืงืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืึธืจืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืฉืžืึธืœ ืงืึทื ื™ืึทื ื– ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืขืงืึธื•ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื ืขืงืึธืžืข, ื‘ืœื•ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืฉื•ื’ืึทืก ...

ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทื›ื˜, ืึท ืžื™ืกื˜ืขืจื™ืขื– ื˜ืขืœืขืคืึธืŸ ืจื•ืฃ ื ืขืžื˜ ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืึทื– ืฆื• Aigues-Vives, ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ื“ืึธืจืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืจืขื ืขืขืก, ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืœื™ืฆื™ื™ึท ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืึธื•ื‘ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืึท ืกืขืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืกืึทืคื™ืกื˜ืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืจืฆื™ื—ื”. ืกืขืจื•ื•ืึทื– ื˜ืจืขืคึฟื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ืจืŸ ื–ื™ื’ืœืขืจ, ื“ื™ืจืขืงื˜ืึธืจื™ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืกืคึฟืึธืจืฉึพื‘ืจื™ื’ืึทื“ืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึทื•ึพื–ืฉืึทื ื“ืึทืจืžืขืจื™ืข. ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืงืึทื‘ืจืข ืจืฆื™ื—ื”, ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืจื’ ืงืึทืœืึทืคึผืกื˜, ืฉื ื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื’ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ืึทื™ื’ื•ืขืก-ื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ืžืก ืื•ืŸ ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืึทื’ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจื– ืงืึทื ืคื™ื™ื ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืึธืœ.

ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื“ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืึทื˜ืžืึธืกืคืขืจ, ื•ื•ื•ึผ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืจืขื ืขืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืึทืŸ ืืžืชืขืจ ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ, ื’ื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืŸ ื˜ื”ืจื™ืœืœืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืŸ ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืึทื– ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ืึธื ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื™ืกื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจื’ืึทื ื’ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืึธืŸ ืกื’ื•ืœืข.

ื“ืขืจ ืงืจื™ื™ื–

ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ ืก ืคืขื˜ื™ืฉ ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืึทื–, ืึท ืคึผืึธืœื™ืฆื™ืึทื ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก, ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจืžืื ื˜ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ, ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื–, ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืขืจื•ื•ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธืœ ืฆื• ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื ื˜ืขืจืคืึทืœืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคึผืขืจื•ื•ืขืจืกืข ืึทืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืฉื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื‘ืจ. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืึท ื ื™ื™ึท ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ ืึทื˜ืขื ื˜ื™ื•ื• ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื™ึทืกื˜ื™ืง ืึธืจื ื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ Martรญn Servaz. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทื‘ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืžืขืจื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ืข ืคืจื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื‘ืขืงืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื–ื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืœื™ื‘ื˜ืข ืžืขืจื™ืึทืŸ, ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืงืข ืคืจื•ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืืœื˜ ืฆื• ืœื™ื‘ ื”ืื‘ืŸ, ื•ื•ืืจืฉื™ื™ื ืœื™ืš ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ืžืื’ื ืขื˜ื™ืฉืขืจ ืื™ื“ืขืืœื™ื–ืืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš.

ืื•ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืฉืึธืœืขืž ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ืจ, ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื˜ืึธืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื“ืขื•ื•ืึทืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื–ืึทืกื˜ืจืึทืก ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื–ื•ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืงืœืึธื’ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธืจื“ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ื•ื‘ืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืึทื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื˜ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื’ืก. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, Martรญn Servaz ื“ื™ืกื™ื™ื“ื– ืฆื• ืคืึธืจืฉืŸ ืžืขืจ ื˜ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ื™ ืืœืฅ, ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึทืœืข ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืขื ืกื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกืœืึธืคึผืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืžืขืจ ืฉืขื” ื•ื•ื™ ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคื™ืจืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืœืขืš. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืจ ืคื™ืœื– ืฉื•ืœื“ื™ืง ืฆื• Marianne ... ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื ืื™ื– ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื›ื•ื™ื•ื• ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืขืจื’ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ืžืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื˜ื•ื ืงืœ ื“ืขื˜ืึทื™ืœืก.

ื“ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–

ื“ื• ื–ืืœืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืขืจ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜

ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ืงืœืึธื•ื–ื™ื– ืึท ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืจื™ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ืคืœื•ื ื’, ืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืงืึทื ื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืึทืจื•ื Martin Servaz. ืจื™ืกื™ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืคื•ืŸ Marianne ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงืขืกื˜ืœ, ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืึทืžืึทื ืึทืก ื˜ืึทืœืึทื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ื™ื“ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’, ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืžืขื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื™ึทืกื˜ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืขืžืึธืฆื™ืึธื ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ื™ืงื“ืึทื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ. ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื“ืึธืจื‘ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉื•ืœื™ืึทืŸ ื”ื™ืจื˜ืžืึทื ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื“ื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื ืขืงืึธืžืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื“ืึทืžื™ื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขื’. ืื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืขืจื’ืกื˜ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ. ืืคึฟืฉืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืึทืŸ ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืก ืฉื•ื•ืึทื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืžืึธื•ืžืึทื ืฅ, ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ื– ื ื™ื™ึท ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืกื™ืžื– ืฆื• ื•ื•ืึธื’ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื.

ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืžื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื˜ื™ืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื ืฆื˜ืขืจ ื ืฉืžื” ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืฆื• ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ, ื›ืึธื•ืคึผื™ื ื’ ืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืจืคืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืฉ. ื“ืขืจ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ื”ืื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื–ืฉื•ืจื ืึทืœื™ืกื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกื™ืžื– ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืฆื• ืงืึทืžืคึผืึธื•ื– ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœืข ืกืฆืขื ืึทืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื™ืงืึธื•ืคึผืึทื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืœื™ื›ื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก "ื‘ืœื•ื™ื–" ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ื‘ืืฉืœืืกืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืžืึธื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืฉืžื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืžืืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืŸ. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืึทื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ืฉืžื” ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืžืขืฉื•ื’ืึทืก, ืฆื• ืกืึทื‘ืžื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื™ื–, ืฆื• ืึท ื–ืขืื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืึธืคืขื ื’ื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืงื•ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื™ื– ื‘ืขืœ.

ื“ื• ื–ืืœืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืขืจ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜
ืงื•ืจืก ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ

2 ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ "ื“ื™ 3 ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจ"

ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’

ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืงื™ืกืžืขื˜ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืกืคึผืึทื. ืœืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืขื ื˜ืึทืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืข ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื˜.