ื“ื™ 3 ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ Vicente Valles

ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืŸ ืคึฟืจืฒึทื ื˜ืœืขื›ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขืœืขื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ืขึพืคึผืจืขื–ืขื ื˜ืึทื˜ืึธืจ (ืฆื™ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื ืฒึทืขืกึพืงืึทืกืขืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ืฉื•ืจื ืึทืœืŸ), ืœื™ื’ื˜ ืึธืคึฟื˜ืžืึธืœ ืึท ืœื™ื™ื˜ืึทื ื˜ืขืจ ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจ. ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ Carme Chaparro, Mรกximo Huerta ืึธื“ืขืจ Christain Galvez ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ื–ืฉื•ืจื ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ ืงืึทืžื™ื•ื ืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื›ืœื™ื.

ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืึท ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ืคึผื ื™ื ื”ืื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ-ืกืขืœื™ื ื’ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฆื• ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜. ืื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ื–ืื’ ืืœืขืžืืœ ืื™ืŸ ื ื–ืืฅ ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื ืขืœ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ืขืŸ ืืœืก ืื•ื™ืกืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืš ืžื™ื™ื ืข: "ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืงืข ื–ืืš ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืืจ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืŸ".

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ Vicente Vallรฉs, ืึทืœืฅ ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜-ืคื™ืงืฉืึทืŸ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ืึทืžืึธืœ ืื™ืš ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ, ืžืื›ืŸ ื“ืึทืงื™ื•ืžืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืขืกื™ื™, ื“ื™ ืกืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืคื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืึธื ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœืขื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืื™ื– ื“ื–ืฉืขืจืžืึทื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืขืงืกื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ ืึทืกืคึผืขืงืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืฆื• ืœืขื’ืขื ื“ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืึทืฆื™ืึธื ืึทืœืข ืคึผืึธืœื™ื˜ื™ืง, ืฉืคึผื™ืึธื ืึทื–ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื ื•ื–ื•ื•ืขืจื“ื™ ืึทืกืคึผืขืงืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื”ืึธื ื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืœืึทืงืขืก ...

Top 3 ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ Vicente Vallรฉs

ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืึทื–ืึทืŸ

ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ึทืขืก ืึทื– Vicente Vallรฉs ืื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ื•ื•ื™ื•ืขืจื–, ืงื•ืžื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื• ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืจืึทื ื˜ ื ื™ื™ึทืขืก. ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื“ื™ ื–ืืš ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืข ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืžืื˜ืขืจื˜ืข ืงืืœื˜ืข ืงืจื™ื’, ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืคื™ืจื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื–ืขืจื ืข ืคืืจื”ืื ื’ืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ื–ืขืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก ืฆื• ืฆืขืคืืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ืงืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืคื™ื ืฆื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืžืึทื˜ื™ืจื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš Le Carre.

ืื™ืŸ 1922, ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ื•ืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืงื™ื ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืึท ื™ืึธืจื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ. ื“ื™ ืกืึธื•ื•ื™ืขื˜ ืกื™ื™ื›ืœ ื‘ืึทื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืก ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขื ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื™ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื’ืจืึธื‘ ืฉืคึผื™ืึธื ืึทื–ืฉ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ื˜ืึธืžื™ื“ ื™ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื“. ืžื™ื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื™ืึธืจ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืœืึทื•ื•ืจืขื ื˜ื™ ื‘ืขืจื™, ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื˜-ื“ืึธืจืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืจ ื‘ืึธืœืฉืขื•ื•ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึผืึธืœื™ืฆื™ื™-ืฉืขืฃ, ืคืึธืจืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทื ื“ืœืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคืขืจื–ืขื ืœืขื›ืข ืื•ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืžืข ืžื™ืกื™ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืจืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงื–ืขืงื•ื˜ืึธืจ ืคืึทืจ ืขืคึผืขืก ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง: ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื˜. ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืึทื–ืึทืŸ.

ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขืจื™ืึท ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก ื™ื™ื ื’ืœ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื™ืึธืจืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ื ื’ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืึท ืฉืคึผื™ืึธืŸ, ืคืึทืจืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืžื‘ื™ืฆื™ืขืก ืคึผืจื•ื™ืขืงื˜, ื“ืึธืจืžืึทื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ืงืขืจ ื™ืึธืจืŸ.

ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜ืŸ, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึทืŸ ืื•ืžื–ื™ื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ืงื’ื‘-ืึทื’ืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืึธื ืคืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืึทื–ืึทืŸ, ืฆื• ืกืึทื‘ืึธื˜ืึทื–ืฉื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืขืจื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืื ื“ ืฆื•ื ืกื•ืคึผืขืจืžืื›ื˜-ืกื˜ืื˜ื•ืก. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฆืœื™ื—? ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืขืจ ืคื™ืจืขืจ ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืืžืช'ืข ืฆื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืื ื˜ืจืืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืจืื™ื™ื ื™ื’ื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืื˜ืŸ ืคื•ื ืขื ืงืจืขืžืœื™ืŸ? ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืกื˜ืืœื™ื ืก ื‘ืืคืขืœ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืคื™ืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืก ืืจื•ื™ืกื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื˜?

ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืึทื’ืึทื ืึทืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืึทื–ืึทืŸ ืึทืจื•ืžืคืึธืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ืจืขื•ื•ืืœื•ืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ 1917 ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ื™ืœืขืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 1989 ื™ืึธืจื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜, ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื›ืึธืจืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื“ื™ ื ืึธืจืžืึทื ื“ื™ ืœืึทื ื“ื™ื ื’ื–, ื“ื™ ืงืืœื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื“ื™ ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืจืœื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ 90, ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึทื ื‘ืจืึธืš. ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉืข ืจืขื–ืฉื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ XNUMXืขืจ ื™ืืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืขืฆื˜ื™ื’ืข ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ืืจื™ื™ื ืžื™ืฉื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื‘ ื“ืขืžืืงืจืื˜ื™ืขืก. ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืึธืœืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื’ืข ืกืคึผื™ืขืก ื˜ืขืจืขืกืึท ืคื•ืขื ื˜ืขืก, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ Spanish CNI, ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทื‘ืœืึธ ืคึผืขืจืงื™ื ืก, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™.ืื™ื™.ืขื™.

ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ื˜ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ืขื ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ "Operaciรณn Kazรกn", ืคึฟื•ืŸ Vicente Vallรฉs ื“ืึธ:

ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืึทื–ืึทืŸ, ื“ื•ืจืš Vicente Vallรฉs

ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ืข ืจื•ืกืŸ

ืžื™ืจ ืคืืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ ืžืึธื“ื ืข ืงืึทืกืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ-ืงื•ืจืก ืคื™ืจืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืคื™ืœืข ื‘ืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืึทื˜ืึทืœ ืึทืงืกืึทื“ืึทื ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืกืึทืคึผืก. ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืžื™ืจ ืคึผืึทืจืง ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืขืก ื–ืึธืจื’ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืขืจื’ืกื˜ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ืขื ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขื’ืœืขืš ืึธื•ื•ื•ืขืจื“ืึธื•ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกื™ืžื– ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื™ืžืคึผื™ื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึทื˜ืึทืงืก ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืจื™ื™ืžื–. ืขืก ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื›ืขืจืฅ ืฆื• ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ื™ื ืก ืื•ืŸ ืึทื•ืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืงืึทืกืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืึทืฆื™ืึธื ืึทืœืข ืกืฆืขื ืข.

ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื’ ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืฆื™ื—ื” ืื•ืŸ ืื•ืžื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื˜ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ืกืคึผื™ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืคึผืœืึทืžืึทืฅ ืึทืจื•ื ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, Vicente Vallรฉs ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื•ื ืงืขืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ ื™ืงืกื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ. ืื™ื– ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“ ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื™ื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกืจื•ืคืŸ ืงืจื™ื–ื™ืก ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทื˜ื™ืึธื ืก ืื™ืŸ ืกื“ืจ ืฆื• ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื‘ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’? ืื™ื– ื“ืึธื ืึทืœื“ ื˜ืจืึทืžืคึผ ืคืจืขื–ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื™ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ื“ืึทื ืง ืฆื• ื•ื•ืœืื“ื™ืžื™ืจ ืคึผื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืก ื™ื ื˜ืขืจืคื™ืจืึทื ืก? ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ื’ืกื˜ืขืจื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผืึทื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืจืขื’ ืึท ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ืกื™ืข ื’ืึทืจื˜ืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืงืจืขืžืœื™ืŸ? ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ื ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืžืึทื ื™ืคึผื™ืึทืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื“ืขืžืึธืงืจืึทื˜ื™ืฉ ืกืึทืกื™ื™ืึทื˜ื™ื– ืฆื• ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืึทื ื“ ืขืœืขืงื˜ืึธืจืึทืœ ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืคึฟืจืึทื ืงืจื™ื™ึทืš, ื“ื™ ื ืขื˜ื”ืขืจืœืึทื ื“ืก, ื“ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉืœืึทื ื“, ืกืคึผืึทื™ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ื˜ืืœื™ืข?

ืืคืฉืจ ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฉืขืŸ, ืื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืžืื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคื•ื˜ื™ืŸ'ืก ืจื•ืกืœืื ื“ ืื™ื– ืื– ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื– ืขืก ื”ืื˜ ืขืก. ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื–ืขื ืขืจ ืงื’ื‘ ืื’ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื– ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืคื™ืืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ื‘ืื”ืขืจืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทืœืคื™ืœื“ื–, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืึทืคื˜ืœืขืš ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืึธืจืงืก.

ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ืข ืจื•ืกืŸ

ื˜ืจืึทืžืคึผ, ื“ื•ืจืš Vicente Valles

ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืžื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืขื–ืึทื“ืึทื ืกื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ USA, ืžื™ืจ ืึทืœืข ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ืึทื–. ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืฉืคืขืงื•ืœืืฆื™ืขืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืจืืžืค ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืžืื›ื˜ืŸ, ื“ื™ ื™ืขืฆื˜ื™ื’ืข ื‘ืืงืืŸ ืคื•ื ืขื ืžืขืจื‘. ื“ื ืื™ื– ื“ื ื ื“ืืงื•ืžืขื ื˜ื™ืจื˜ืข ืืคืฉืืฆื•ื ื’, ื•ื•ืืก ื›ืื˜ืฉ ืขืก ืื ื˜ื”ืืœื˜ ืื™ืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืืฆื•ื ื’, ืื ื˜ืคืœืขืงื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืืœืขืžืืœ ืึทืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืŸ ืคื•ื ืขื ืคื™ืจืขืจ, ื•ื•ืืก ืืคื™ืœื• ืคื•ืŸ ืžืื›ื˜, ื–ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ืคื™ื™ื’ืœื™ืš ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืฆื™ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื™ืง ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืืกืŸ.

ื“ืึธื ืึทืœื“ ื˜ืจืึทืžืคึผ ื”ืื˜ ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื˜ื™ื ื’ืงืึทื‘ืึทืœ: ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืขื–ืึทื“ืึทื ืกื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื™ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืงืขื’ืŸ ื”ื™ืœืึทืจื™ ืงืœื™ื ื˜ืืŸ. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื ืืœื™ืกื˜ ื”ืื˜ ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืจื™ื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื–ื•ื›ื˜ ื™ืขืฆื˜ ืขืจืงืœืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ.

Vicente Vallรฉs, ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทื ื’ืงืฉืึทื ื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืคึผืึธืœื™ื˜ื™ืง, ื’ื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื•ืš ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื–: "ื“ืึธื ืึทืœื“ ื˜ืจืึทืžืคึผ ืื™ื– ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืึท ื”ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืึธื ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืฉืึทืœืึทื ื“ื–ืฉื™ื ื’ ื‘ืึธื›ืขืจ. ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคื™ืœืข ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงื•ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ: ืขืžืขืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืงืขืจ ื“ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืก ืคึผืึธืœื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืงืึทืคึผื•ื™ืขืจ, ื’ืขื’ืขืกืŸ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ื“ื•ืจืš ื™ืึธืจืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทื ืขืจื™ื–ืึทื ืื•ืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืกืึธื•ื“ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื“ืœืขืŸ.

ื˜ืจืึทืžืคึผ, ื“ื•ืจืš Vicente Valles
ืงื•ืจืก ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ

ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’

ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืงื™ืกืžืขื˜ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืกืคึผืึทื. ืœืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืขื ื˜ืึทืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืข ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื˜.