ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ื“ื™ 3 ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ Philip Roth

ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืขืกื˜ื™ื–ืฉ ืคืืจื“ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคื™ืœื™ืคึผ ืจืึธื˜ื” ืื™ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื’ืขื‘ื ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ืขืก ืงืึธืจืึทืกืคึผืึทื ื“ื– ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ 30 ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืืจื•ื™ืก ื–ื™ื ื˜ 1960. ืึทืŸ ืขื›ื˜ ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืคึผืœืึธืžื‘ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืคึฟื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึท ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทืจื™ืฉืข ืคึผืึทื ืึธืจืึทืžืึท ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืืจื™ืฉืข ื–ืฉืึทื ืขืจ.

ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืึธืคึผืฉื˜ืึทื ืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืชึผืžื™ื“ ืึท ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงื•ืœื˜ื•ืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื™ืฆื˜ ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืึท ืฆืขืฉืžืขืœื˜ืขืจ ื˜ืึธืคึผ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ืขื‘ืขื›ื“ื™ืงืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœืฒึทื›ืฆืฒึทื˜ื™ืง ื‘ืึทืจืฒึทื›ืขืจื ื“ื™ืงืขืจ ื ืกื™ืขื” ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืœืขื ื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืึทื’ืจื™ืกืŸ ื–ื™ื™.

Su ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ื˜ืจื™ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ ืขืก ื“ืขืœื•ื•ื•ื– ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ื™ ืึทืกืคึผืขืงืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืœืึทืก ืงื•ืœื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ืคื™ืœืข ืคื™ื™ื–ืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืึท ืขื ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื“ืขื ืžืึธื˜ืึธืฆื™ืงืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืจืขืœื™ื’ื™ืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืขื›ื˜ ืื™ื“ื™ืึธืกื™ื ืงืจืึทืกื™. ืื™ื ื˜ืขื’ืจืืฆื™ืข ื”ืื˜ ืื™ืจืข ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื“ืขื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืจืื˜ื” ื ืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืฆื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื“ืขืึธืœืึธื’ื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื–ื•ืœื˜ืึทื˜ ืื™ื– ืึท ื•ื•ื•ื ื“ืขืจืœืขืš ืกื™ื ื˜ืขื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืขืคืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’.

ืื‘ืข ืจ ืื‘ืข ืจ ื“ ื™ ืืฒื’ืขื  ืข ืื• ืŸ ืฑื’ื ื˜ืœืขื› ืข ืืจื’ื•ืžืขื ื˜ ืŸ ืคื• ืŸ ื ืฒื“ื™ืฉืข ืจ ืคืืœืง , ืฐื ืก ื”ื ื˜ ืื™ ื ื’ืขืคื•ื ืข ืŸ ื ืฐืื•ื ื“ืขืจืœืขื› ืข ืฉื˜ื™ืžืข , ืคื• ืŸ ืฐืื ืข ืŸ ืฆ ื• ืฉื˜ืขืœ ืŸ ื–ืฒืข ืจ ืื™ื“ืขืืœืื’ื™ืข ืŸ ืื• ืŸ ืžืืจืืœ , ืคื™ืœื™ืคื•ืก ืจืึธื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜ ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืจ ืึทืกืคึผืขืงืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ืฐืขืœื›ืข ืจ ืื™ ื– ื ื™ืฉ ื˜ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืข ืฐ ื™ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืข ืจ ืืฒื’ืขื  ืข ืฐืขืœ ื˜ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืžืื› ื˜ ื“ื•ืจ ืš ื“ืข ื ื–ื™ ืฃ ืคื• ืŸ ืืฒื ืข ื ืคื• ืŸ ื“ ื™ ื’ืœืขื ืฆื ื“ื™ืงืื˜ ืข ืคืื ื˜ืื–ื™ืข ืŸ ืคื ืจ ืฐืขืœื˜ึพืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ .

ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืกืขืœืขืงืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืื™ืš ืœืึทื“ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’ ื‘ื•ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื™ื“ ื’ืขื“ืื ืงืขืŸ ืงืึทืคึผื˜ืฉืขืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื•ื–, ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืขืกื™ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ 1960 ืื•ืŸ 2013:

ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ?

Top 3 ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ืจืืžืื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Philip Roth

ืคึผืึธืจื˜ื ื•ื™ ืก ืงืœืึธื’

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืจืึธื˜ื” ืคืืจืขืจืขืจ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืง. ืึทืœืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ื•ื– ืคึผืจืขื–ืขื ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื”ื•ื™ืคื˜ ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ืึทืจื•ื ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืึทืœื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืคืึธืจืฉืœืึธื’ ืจื™ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ื•ื– ื™ื•ื•ืึธื•ืงืก ื“ื™ ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช: ื“ืึธืŸ ืงื•ื•ื™ืงืกืึธื˜ืข.

ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืึทื’ืึทื ืึทืกื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืจื™ื™ื–ืข, ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืึทื ื’ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืงืœืึธืจืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื’ืขืช, ื™ืขื ืข ืึธืคึผืึธื–ื™ืฆื™ืข ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืข ื–ืขืื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืึธื ืกื˜ืขืจืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืจืขืžื“ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืก.

ืืœืขืงืกืื ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึธืจื˜ื ื•ื™ ืคึผืกื™ื˜ืฉืึธืึทื ืึทืœื™ื–ืขืก ื–ื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืฆื• ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืœืขืœ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœืขื’ืึทืžืจืข ืงืึทื ื˜ืจืึทื“ื™ืงื˜ืขืจื™ ืึทืกืคึผืขืงืฅ ืžื™ื˜ืœ. ื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ื—ืœื•ื ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ ื—ืœื•ื ืคึผื ื™ื-ืืœ-ืคึผื ื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืงืœืขืš, ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืŸ ืื™ืจืึธื ื™ืฉืขืจ ืึธื ืจื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืจื•ื ื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืœื™ื˜ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ื’ืจืึธื‘ืข ืจืึทื ื“ืŸ, ื˜ื™ืคึผื™ืฉ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ืขื“ืŸ ืงืึธื ืคืœื™ืงื˜.

ืคึผืึธืจื˜ื ื•ื™ ืก ื‘ื™ื™ื–

ื“ื™ ืงืึทื ืกืคึผื™ืจืึทืกื™ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืข

ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืคืึธื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื›ืจืึธื ื™ืึทืก, ื“ื™ ืคืึทืกืึทื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื”ื™ืกื˜ืืจื™ืฉืข ืึทืกืึทืžืคึผืฉืึทื ื– ื‘ืื–ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืึทืœืฉ ืคืึธืจืงืก ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข. ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืืžืช ืื™ื–, ืึทื– ื”ื™ื˜ืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื ืืฆื™ื–ื ืื™ื– ืึท ืคื•ื ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคื™ืœืข ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ ืฆื• ืฆื™ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื›ืจืึธื ื™ืขืก.

ืื™ืš ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืึทืฉื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ยซื“ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ึทื–ยซ. ืคื™ืœื™ืคื•ืก ืงื™ ื“ื™ืง ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ืš ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœืึธืก. ืคื™ืœื™ืคื•ืก ืจืึธื˜ื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื›ื ื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืคืืจื™ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ื™ื ืฆื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทืฆื™ื™ืฉืขืจ ืขื ื“ื’ื™ืœื˜ื™ืงืขืจ ืœื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื’.

ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก, ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืžื—ื‘ืจ, ืึทื– ืœื™ื ื“ื‘ืขืจื’, ืึท ื‘ืึทืจื™ืžื˜ืขืจ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ ืคึผื™ืœืึธื˜, ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื˜ ืคึผืจืึธ-ื”ื™ื˜ืœืขืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืืœืŸ ืงืขื’ืŸ ืจื•ื–ืขื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ 1940. ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืœืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื™ื’ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืคืึทืžื™ืœื™ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืžื•ื–ื˜ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ื™ื™ืŸ. .. ืจืื˜ื” ื ื•ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืื–ื™ืงืข ืื•ื›ืจืื ื™ืข ืื•ื™ืกืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืืจื‘ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื ื˜ื™ืกืขืžื™ื˜ื™ืฉืข ืจื“ื™ืคื•ืช.

ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืกื˜ืขื›ื™ืฉ

ืจืึธื˜ื” ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืจืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉืคึผื™ืฅ ืฉื•ืคืœืึธื“. ื“ื™ ืคึผื•ืœื™ื˜ื–ืขืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื– ื‘ืึทืคึผื•ืฆื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึทื˜ืจืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•.

ืื•ืŸ ืืžืช, ืึทื– ืจืึธื˜ื” ื”ืึธื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ ืึท ืžืึธืœ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืึท ืจืึทื•ื ื“ื™ื“ ื•ื•ืขืจืง, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืึทืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืŸ ื˜ืขื... ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืจื™ืžื˜ืข 60ืขืจ ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืข, ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ืจ ื‘ืœื™ืขื ื“ื™ืงืข ืงื•ืœื˜ื•ืจืขืœืข ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื‘ืึทื•ื•ืขื’ื•ื ื’, ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ืจืข ืกืชึผื™ืจื•ืช ื ืึธืš ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืจืึทืกื™ื–ื ืื•ืŸ ืžืœื—ืžื”ึพืงืึธื ืคึฟืœื™ืงื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ื•ึผ ืคื™ืœืข ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜, ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื– ืงืึทืœื˜ ืžืœื—ืžื” ...

ืื– ืืžืขืจื™ืงืข ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืœื™ ืกืคืง ื‘ืื•ื•ืขื’ื˜ ื™ืขื“ืŸ ื˜ืื’ ืื™ืŸ ืื ื’ืกื˜. ืจืึธื˜ื” ื ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ืขื ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข ืฆื• ืคืึธืงื•ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืคึผืขืจื–ืขื ืœืขืš ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืึทื ื“. ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืืก ืืจื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืคืืจืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธืœืฅ, ืœื™ื‘ืข, ืึทื ื˜ื•ื™ืฉื•ื ื’, ืคืจืึทืกื˜ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื•ืจื.

ืคึผืขืจืกืึธื ืึทื–ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืœืขื ื“ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžื—ื‘ืจืก ืื•ืžื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ืข ืคึฟืึทื ื˜ืึทื–ื™ืข. ื“ืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืœืขื•ื•ื•ื‘ ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืŸ ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœืขืจ ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ...

ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืกื˜ืขื›ื™ืฉ
5/5 - (14 ื•ื•ืึธื•ืฅ)

ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’

ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืงื™ืกืžืขื˜ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืกืคึผืึทื. ืœืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืขื ื˜ืึทืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืข ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื˜.