ื“ื™ 3 ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ Horacio Quiroga

ืื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ืจื•ื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ืึทืŸ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ, ืึธืœื˜ืขืจื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืง ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจืก ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืคืึธืจืึทื ืขืจ, ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืขื ืขื“ืขื˜ื˜ื™, ืขื“ื•ืึทืจื“ืึธ ื’ืึทืœืขืึทื ืึธ u ืึธื ืขื˜ื˜ื™, ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืึธืจืึทืกืข ืงื•ื•ื™ืจืึธื’ืึท ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืจืึทื•ื•ืึทืœื– ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื•ื™ืกื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื˜ืฉืขืคึผืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช.

ืงื•ื•ื™ืจืึธื’ืึท ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื’ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื’ื™ื ื’ ื›ืึธืจืขืจื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ืกื— ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึธื•, ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื’ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื– ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ื  ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืจื™ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื™ืกืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืงืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืžื™ื–ื ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืึทืœืึทื˜ื™.

ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืขื ืงื•ืจืฅ, ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื“ื™ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืก ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืคืึธืจืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงื•ืจืฅ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืขื ื“ืขื ื˜ืึทืœ ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทื ื–, ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืœืึธื•ื“ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ื’ื–ื•ื‘ืขืจืึทื ืก, ืกื™ืžื‘ืึทืœื™ื–ืึทื ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ึทื˜ืฉ, ื“ืึทื ืง ืฆื• ืึท ืคืขื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืงื•ื•ื™ืจืึธื’ืึท ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืขืก ืึท ื’ืœืื‘ืืœืข ืืคืงืœืื ื’ ืงืขืกื˜ืœ.

ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื– ืงื•ื•ื™ืจืึธื’ืึท ืคืืจื“ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืขื ืึทืกืคึผืขืงื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ืง ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ืจื•ื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ืขื ืฅ. ื•ื•ืฒึทืœ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจื“ื™ื ื˜ ืึท ืกืš ืคึฟืจืฒึทื ื“ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื•ืœื˜ื•ืจืขืœืข ืขืœื™ื˜ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืžืขืจ ื’ืขื ื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทืœืึทื ืก ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืื™ื ืกืคึผื™ืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื’ืึทื ื’ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืขื›ืกื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืžืึธื ืกื˜ืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทืจื™ืฉืขืจ ืžืขืœื”.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจื˜. ืื•ืŸ Horacio Quiroga, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืง, ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืึทื’ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฆื• ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ื•ื ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืึทื ืคึผืจื™ื“ื™ืงื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืœ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืžืึธืจืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืขื˜ื™ืฉืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืึทืคื˜ืœืขืš ืึทืกืคึผืขืงื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืœืึทื“ื– ืึทืœืฅ.

Top 3 ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ Horacio Quiroga

ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ืข, ืžืขืฉื•ื’ืึทืก ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜

ืึทื– ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืื ื“ืŸ ืื™ื– ื•ืžืœื™ื™ืงื ื“ืœืขืš. ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึธืจืžื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื ืœื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืฉืขืคืขืจื™ืฉ ืฉื˜ื™ืžื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ืงืจื™ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืคึผืึธื•ืœืขืจื™ื™ื–ื“ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ืงืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืœ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืขืจื ื™ื ื’ื– ืฆื• ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ืžื’ืœื™ืง, ืื™ื– ืขืคึผืขืก ืงืขื ื˜ื™ืง.

ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืจืขืคึผืจื™ื–ืขื ืึทื˜ื™ื•ื• ื•ื•ืขืจืง ืคื•ืŸ Horacio Quiroga. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, Quiroga ื›ืึทื ื“ืึทืœื– ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื‘ืกืึธืœื•ื˜ ืžืึทืกื˜ืขืจื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืœ ื ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ (ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืคืŸ ืื™ื– ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืžื™ื˜ Poe ืื•ืŸ Maupassant, ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืฉืึทืงื™ื ื’ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ื•ื™ "ื“ื™ ืงืึทื˜ื”ืจืึธืึทื˜ ื˜ืฉื™ืงืงืขืŸ") ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคืคืขืจืก ืื•ื ื“ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืข ืขืงืกืคึผืึธื ืขื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืœืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืžืึทื“ืขืจื ื™ื–ืึทื. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืคืขืจื–ืขื ืœืขื›ืข ื•ื•ืขืจืง ืคื•ืŸ ืขืžืขืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืžืขื ืก ื˜ืจืึทื’ื™ืฉ ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ืขื ืฅ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื›ื ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืœื™ื‘ืข ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืฉื•ื’ืึทืก ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜.

ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ืข, ืžืขืฉื•ื’ืึทืก ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜

ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื’ื’ืึทืœ

ืžืืœ ืคืœื™ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข. ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ืจืœ ื”ืื˜ ืึทื– ื˜ืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื‘ืขืจื›ืึทื–ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ื•ื™ืจืึธื’ืึท ืื™ื– ืึทื ืœื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ืขื˜. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ืกื˜ืึทื ืกืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึทืœืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ, Quiroja ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืœืŸ, ื’ืจื•ื™ืœ, ืจื™ื–ื™ืœื™ืึทื ืก ืื•ืŸ ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ืžืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ. ืึทื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืงืขื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื•ืš ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืคึผื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื ืขื ื˜ืขืจืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืจืขืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื’ื’ืึทืœึพืกื‘ึฟื™ื‘ึฟื”, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืœืึทื ื’ ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืจื™ื–ืžืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึธืคึผื’ืขื”ื™ื˜ ื“ืขื˜ืึทืœ, ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืกืึทืคื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ืจื™ื™ื ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื•ื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื™ืึทื ื’ื’ืึทืกื˜ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ 8 ื™ืืจ ืึทืœื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทื–ื•ื™.

ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ื™ื ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืึทื“ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืฉืึทืก ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ืกื™ืึธื ืขืก, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆืขืจื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึธืจืึทืœื™ืฉ ืœืขืงืฆื™ืขืก. ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืคืึธืจืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ืึท ืงื ื•ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ื ื’ืงืจื™ื™ื– ื•ื•ืึทืœื•ืขืก, ืฆื™ืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื›ื™ื™ึทืข ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื ื•ืกื— ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืขืกืึธืคึผ ืก ืคื™ื™ื‘ืขืจื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ. ื“ื™ ืึทื›ื˜ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช, ืžื™ื˜ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืจืขื“ืึทื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ื™ืจืขืกื“ื™ืง ืึทืงื˜ื•ืึทืœ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืกื˜ื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื”ื™ืกื›ื™ื™ึทื•ื•ืขืก.

ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื’ื’ืึทืœ

ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช

ื“ื™ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืงืึทืœืขืงืฅ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทืกื˜ื™ืฉ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ืจื•ื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ืึทืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื’ืขื ื˜ื™ื ืข ื“ื•ืจืš ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ Horacio Quiroga, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืขืฉื•ื’ืึทืก, ื“ื™ ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทืกื˜ื™ืฉ-ื˜ืขืจืึทืคื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ื”ืขืจืฉืŸ, ืึธื ื’ืขืคื™ืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืžืขืฉื•ื’ืข ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื›ืึธืจืึทืคื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ืึทืžื™ื™ื–ืžืึทื ื˜. ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื™ื•ืจืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืขื“ื’ืึทืจ ืึทืœืึทืŸ ืคึผืึธืข ืื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผืึทื ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ืœืึทื˜ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืงื•ืจืฅ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ. ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ื– ืกื˜ื™ืคึผื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขืจื–ืขื ืœืขื›ืข ื™ืงืกืคึผื™ืจื™ืึทื ืกื™ื–.

ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื›ื ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื˜ื•ื™ื˜, ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืกื˜ืžืึธืจื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ืื•ืŸ ืคืจืขื ื“ื– ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืกื˜ืึธืจืžื™ ืžืขืจืึทื˜ืึทืœ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช. ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ื’ื’ืึทืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืงืึธืœืึธื ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืฆืขืœืงืข ืœืขื ื“ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืึทืœ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืื ื“ืŸ, ืคึผื•ืฉื˜ ืื™ื ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืคืจื•ื›ืคึผืขืจื“ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจื“ื™ืง ื™ืงืกืคึผืขืจืึทืžืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืฉืขืคืขืจื™ืฉ ืคืจื™ื™ื”ื™ื™ื˜.

ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทืกื˜ื™ืฉ ื˜ืึทืœืขืก
ืงื•ืจืก ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ

ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’

ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืงื™ืกืžืขื˜ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืกืคึผืึทื. ืœืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืขื ื˜ืึทืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืข ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื˜.