ื“ื™ 3 ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืงืึธืจื ื•ื•ืขืœ

ื™ืชื•ื ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืขืœื˜ืขืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื™ื•ื ื’ืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ, ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืงืึธืจื ื•ื•ืขืœ ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธื•ื˜ืึทื˜ื™ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื–ืขืœื‘ืกื˜-ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืขืจ. ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืžืขืจ ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ ืจืึธืžืึทื ื˜ื™ืฉ. ื“ืขืจ ืืžืช ืื™ื– ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืึท ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืขืจ ืืจื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืคืืจืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื™ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ, ืฆื•ื˜ืจื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืคืึทืงื˜ ืึทื– ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึธื’ืŸ ืคืจื•ื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขืจืขื›ื˜ืคืืจื˜ื™ืงื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืฉ ื–ืขืœื‘ืกื˜ -ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึทืœื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึท ืœืึทื ื“.

ืืจืขืกื˜ ืŸ ื”ืื‘ ืŸ ื ื™ืฉ ื˜ ื’ืขืคืขืœื˜ ืงืึธืจื ื•ื•ืขืœืœ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื•ื•ื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืฉื ื™ื™ึทื“ืŸ ืื•ื™ืก ืึท ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜. ืึธืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ืคืœ, ืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ื•ื•ืึธืก, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื, ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืคืขืœืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื”ื™ืกื›ื™ื™ึทื•ื•ืขืก ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื™ื ืกืขื ื™ื•ื• ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืึธืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืขื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืืก ืขื ื“ื™ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืจื™ื’ืจืขืฅ. ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜, ื’ืขืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืœืขืจืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื–ืฉื•ืจื ืึทืœื™ืกื˜. ื‘ื™ื– ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืฉืคึผืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงืึทืœื•ื–ืฉืข.

ืื•ืŸ ืœืขืกืึธืฃ ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืงืึธืจื ื•ื•ืขืœืœ, ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื˜ืืจื™ืฉืข ืจืืžืื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืกื˜ืึธืžืข ืึท ืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ ืฆื• ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ืกืึทื’ืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื”ื™ืกื˜ืืจื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ืขืœืขื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ื–ืฉืึทื ืจืึท ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืื™ื. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื•ื™ืš ืกืคึผืึทื ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคื™ืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืืžืื ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืจืขืคึฟืขืจืขื ืฅ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคื™ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ื˜ืึธืŸ.

ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ืจื™ื˜ืฉืืจื“ ืฉืึทืจืคึผืข ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื“ื™ืœื™ื•ื•ืขืจื™ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืจื ืงืœืืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข. ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคื™ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ืื•ื™ืกื–ืขืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืขืก ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ eighteenth ื™ืึธืจื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ nineteenth ื™ืึธืจื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืื™ื ื•ื•ื™ ืœื•ื˜ืขื ืึทื ื˜ ืคึผืึธืœืงืึธื•ื•ื ื™ืง. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื™ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื“ ืœืขื‘ืŸ, ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืึทื– ืจื™ื˜ืฉืืจื“ ืฉืึทืจืคึผืข ืื™ื– ืึท ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข.

Top ืจืืžืื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Bernard Cornwell

ืฉืึทืจืคึผืข ืก ืจื™ืคืœืขืก

ืึทืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœื•ื˜ืขื ืึทื ื˜ ืฉืึทืจืคึผืข ืึทื˜ืขื ื“ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ืึทืœื– ืึทื– ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ ื–ืขืœื ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืฆื• ืคึผื ื™ื. ืื™ืŸ La Coruรฑa, ืึทืœืฅ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ, ื“ื™ ืคืจืื ืฆื•ื™ื–ื™ืฉ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื›ืืคื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึธืจื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืจืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ืคืœื˜ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ, ืฉืึทืจืคึผืข ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื’ื ื˜, ื™ืงืกืคึผืึธื•ื–ื“ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืจืขืกื˜ืึทื ื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ืจื’ืขื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคืจืื ืฆื•ื™ื–ื™ืฉ ืึทืจืžื™ื™. ืฆื•ืž ื’ืœื™ืง, ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผืึทื ื™ืฉ ืงืึทื•ื•ืึทืœืจื™ ื™ืงืกื˜ืขื ื“ื– ืึท ื”ืึทื ื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืŸ ื–ืขืœื ืขืจ.

ืื™ืฆื˜ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ, Sharpe ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืึธื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผืึทื ื™ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืคืจื™ื™ึทื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ Santiago de Compostela. ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืึทื ื™ืึทืจื“ืก ื‘ืจืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืœืึทื ื’ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื•ืจืขื ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ืง ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืึทืจืคึผืข ื”ืื˜ ืฆื• ืคื™ืจืŸ ืึท ื‘ืœื™ืฅ ืึทื˜ืึทืง ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื• ื‘ืึทื–ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจืื ืฆื•ื™ื–ื™ืฉ ื–ืขืœื ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ืš ืคึผืจืึทื˜ืขืงื˜ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš.

ืฉืึทืจืคึผืข ืก ืจื™ืคืœืขืก

ื•ื”ื˜ืจืขื“, ื“ื™ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื

ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืžื™ื ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ืžืจืขื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื‘ื™ื•ื–ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ืžืึธื ืึทืจื˜ืฉื™ืขืก ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืฉืึทื ืจืึท ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื˜ืืจื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ืขืœืขื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืง.

ื“ื™ ืžืึทื’ื™ืฉ ืจื™ื–ื™ื™ื“ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื ืข ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืขืคึฟืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ืื•ืžืจืขื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืึธื ืกืขืงื•ื•ืขื ื˜ ื‘ืึทืคืจื™ื™ึทื•ื ื’ ... ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืคืึธืงื•ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ Uhtred, ืึท ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ึท ื–ืขืœื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืœืš Alfred ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืึธืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ืืคื’ืขืฉื™ื™ื“ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื“ื•ืจืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ืŸ ืขื“ื•ื•ืึทืจื“.

ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืงืขืŸ ื˜ืจืขืคืŸ, ืขื“ื•ื•ืึทืจื“ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจืžืึทื˜ื™ื•ื• ืคึผืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืึทื ื“ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืื™ื ืึทืŸ ืขื’ืึธื™ืกื˜ ืึธืŸ ืึท ื’ืขืคื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื•ืก.

ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื’ืึทื ื’ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืกืกืขืงืก ืื™ื– ืคึผืœืึทื ื“ื–ืฉื“ ืื™ืŸ ืฆืึธืจืขืก ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื ืึธืš ืขื“ื•ื•ืึทืจื“ ืก ืึธื ืงื•ืžืขืŸ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ ื•ื˜ื”ืจืขื“ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืงืึทื ืกืคึผื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืึทื“ืึธื•ื–, ื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืจื™ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ึผื‘ึฟื•ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ึผื‘ึฟื•ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื›ืึธื•ืžืœืึทื ื“ ื˜ืจืึทืžืคึผืึทืœื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืžืœืš.

ื•ื”ื˜ืจืขื“, ื“ื™ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื

1356. ื’ื™ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืึธื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืงืขืžืคืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ึทื•ื•ืœ

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ, Cornwell ืคืœืขืจื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืขืคึผืึธืก. ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืงื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื™ืึธืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื™ื ืคืœื•ืขื ื˜ืฉืึทืœ ื”ื™ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ืฉ ืงื•ื™ืœ ื™ื ืงืขืจืึทื“ื–ืฉื“ ืื™ื ืฆื• ืึทื“ืึทืคึผื˜ ื“ื™ ืขืกืึธื•ื˜ืขืจื™ืง ืคื•ื ื˜ ื˜ื™ืคึผื™ืฉ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฆื™ื™ื˜.

ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืขืกืข ืงื•ืžื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ. ืขื ื’ืœืึทื ื“ ื”ืืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจืœื™ื™ืง ืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืคึฟืจืึทื ืงืจื™ื™ึทืš ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืงืึทื ืคืจืึทื ื˜ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืขื“ื™ืงื˜ืขื“ ื ืึธืขื ื˜. ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืึธืจื˜ื”ืึทืžืคึผื˜ืึธืŸ ืจื•ืคื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ืคื•ืŸ Thomas de Hookton ืฆื• ืงืึธืžื™ืกื™ืข ืึท ืžื™ืกื™ืข ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื™ืกื‘ืจื•ืš ืคื•ืŸ ืžืœื—ืžื”.

ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืœืขืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึทืœื™ืกืข, ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทื ืคึผืขืจืึทืœืขืœื“ ื•ื•ื™ืงื˜ืึธืจื™ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ื™ืจืขืกื“ื™ืง ื›ื‘ื•ื“.

1356. ื’ื™ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืึธื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืงืขืžืคืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ึทื•ื•ืœ
5/5 - (5 ื•ื•ืึธื•ืฅ)

ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’

ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืงื™ืกืžืขื˜ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืกืคึผืึทื. ืœืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืขื ื˜ืึทืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืข ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื˜.