Ezona ncwadi zi-3 zigqwesileyo nguEmilia Pardo Bazán

Phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX neye-XNUMX, ababhali ababini baseGalicia bahlanganisa ukuqatshelwa okuyimfuneko kokubhalwa kwamabhinqa kwinqanaba lesizwe UEmilia Pardo Bazán, endiza naye namhlanje noRosalía de Castro, endizakuthetha ngaye ngenye imini kwesi sithuba sinye.

Amanyathelo amancinci okulingana okufanelekileyo kwezentlalo ahlala eqala kumacandelo enkcubeko kwanangaphambi kwezopolitiko, okanye mhlawumbi eyangaphambili njengenjini yokugqibela. Ngaphandle kwaso isazela sentlalontle esivela kubungqina obulinganayo bokuyila kunye nokuqonda, ukwamkelwa ngokuthe ngcembe akunakwenzeka.

Kuyinyani ukuba ngaloo minyaka yonke into yayihlala isenzelwa ulingano olusebenzayo kwiinkalo ezininzi. Kodwa indlela yaqala ukulandelelwa ukuya kumbulelo ophakamileyo kubabhali abanjengoEmilia.

Ngaphandle kwesi siganeko sembali siyimfuneko nesincinci, ukuthetha ngoEmilia Pardo Bazán namhlanje kukujonga umbhali osisifundiswa, ohlaziyiweyo kunye nemijikelezo entsha yendalo yaseYurophu kwaye othe waqhekeka (okanye endaweni yoko uzalisekisile, kuba ubugcisa kufuneka buhlale buqondwa njengesixa sokujonga ) ukubonwa kwangaphambili kwothando lwangaphambili kukaRosalía de Castro.

Kuyinyani ukuba i-tandem awayeyidibanisa nayo UBenito Pérez Galdos, ihlala ithathwa njengesiqingatha phakathi koncwadi kunye nothando, iziqhamo kuwo omabini la macebo e-synergies apho ngamanye amaxesha u-Emilia Pardo Bazán kunye noPérez Galdós, baqala ukwenza imisebenzi emitsha yoncwadi ngelo nqanaba lobunyani elingqamene nomlando okanye isimilo kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo yentlalo, Ukusuka ebukhosini bayo ukuya kubasebenzi ababebonakala ngathi bayinyani eSpain.

Umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala wayengagxile kuphela kwinoveli. Owona mbhali ubalaseleyo waseSpain wenkulungwane ye-XNUMX neye-XNUMX ukwasebenza njengentatheli, isincoko, umgxeki, ewe imbongi, kodwa wabhala neethiyetha, waguqulela, wahlela iincwadi kwaye wabambisana ekuqinisekiseni ubufazi ngenkcubeko.

Iincwadi ezi-3 eziphezulu ezinconyelwe ngu-Emilia Pardo Bazán

I-pazos de Ulloa

I-Naturalism ewe, kodwa ihlengahlengisiwe kwinyani yeSpain esadinga ukujonga ubunyani ngokupheleleyo ukuze ijonge kule misinga mitsha izwakala ngathi yi-echoes evela eFrance engabamelwane.

Kwaye le noveli yile, i-toast kunye UZola Ukusuka emazantsi ePyrenees, uqikelelo lwesalathiso esitsha senkqubela yoncwadi ngothando lwezithandani kodwa ngohlaziyo lwepeninsular imaginary.

Ewe kunjalo, inoveli yokwenyani enje ngale inikwe umda ziimeko ezithile zobume bayo. Kuba ii-pazos zaseGalicia zika-1886 babecinga ezabo i-idiosyncrasy ngaphakathi kwembono ye-caciquil, inkohliso yobuqaqawuli obudala kunye nokuwohloka okuyinyani kobukumkani baseSpain ekopha rhoqo.

Kwaye kulapho sihlangana khona nabalinganiswa abanzima njengala mazwe, kumnyama ngamanye amaxesha njengesibhakabhaka esikhokelayo kwaye sibonakaliswe kwisipili phakathi kwedolophu kunye neendawo zasemaphandleni ezibonakala ngathi ziphela zibonisa amazwe ahlukeneyo.

Ukunyanzeliswa

Kumfazi, onesibindi sokubhala ngokwamabali anokuthwala umngcipheko omkhulu wokungacingi kunye nokwala. Inkululeko yokucinga kunye nokuyichaza bekusoloko kungumba weembambano zembali, kodwa kwimeko yabasetyhini ingxaki leyo yaphakanyiswa kumandla we-nth.

Ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uzicwilise kwinoveli, ujonge intshayelelo yomtya ophakathi kabini phakathi kobudoda kunye nobufazi ngokubhekisele kwisondo okunomdla, uyasiqonda isizathu salo mzamo wokwala.

Ukuba, ukongeza, umntu obhinqileyo oza kuthetha ngesondo ugqityiwe ngemifanekiso ejikelezileyo malunga neenkanuko kunye nothando ngqo, lo mbandela usenokuza kufutshane nehlazo lokuziphatha.

Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje, le noveli iba bubungqina bobufazi kwezona ndawo zisondeleyo ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Ke ngoko, inoveli ekhuthazwayo kakhulu malunga nento ethile njengomntu njengoko ingcwatywa kumbono wobufazi wexesha.

Uhlobo lomama

Obona bungqina bokuba u-Emilia Pardo Bazán wayengazoyikiswa ngabagxeki bokuntywiliselwa kwindalo kunye nobunyani obucacileyo belizwe lethu yile nkqubo yokuqhubeka kweLos pazos de Ulloa.

Ibali lilandela ekhondweni likaJulián, ligcinwe njengekhonkco phakathi kweenoveli ezimbini phantsi kwemeko yakhe yokuba ngumfundisi waseparishi kwaye kuye isikhokelo sokuziphatha esinokubakho.

Ukubonakala kukaGabriel Pardo kuxhasa isenzo esizinikezele kwinjongo efanayo yenxalenye yokuqala, egxile kwisikrelemnqa kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuphazamisa ubudlelwane babantu.