Kwakukho ixesha eSpeyin apho i-bohemia yayiluncwadi kwaye uncwadi yayiyeyona ndlela ilungileyo ye-bohemia. Ngenxa yokuba ngaloo maxesha i-bohemian ngokusisiseko yayingahambelani nenyani, iphelela ekuchazeni kuncwadi indalo ethile yabo bathanda ukubonakalisa ngokucacileyo ukudana kunye nokuzinikela kuloo ndibaniselwano engaqhelekanga phakathi kwe-hedonism kunye ne-nihilism.
Kwaye kulapho URamón María del Valle-Inclán Ubonakala njengomfuziselo ngomsebenzi wakhe weqonga "uLuces de Bohemia", ireferensi yesizukulwana sama-98 kunye nexesha lembali elihlala ekuvukeni kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini.
Kodwa, ngaphandle kokuba uLuces de Bohemia, ukumelwa okuchanekileyo kobo bomi be-bohemian IValle-Inclán wadibana, ngaphandle kokudlulela kwinqanaba lokucinga kunye nembono yabo bonke abo badali bahamba phakathi kokudideka kunye nethemba. UValle-Inclán wayenobuchule bokuyila kangangokuba wakwazi ukuzikhulula kubukhoboka bomsebenzi wobugcisa omnye. Ukuchazwa ukuba abhale, lo mbhali wagubungela iinoveli, imibongo, izincoko, amabali kwanobuntatheli, elawula ukugubungela yonke into kwaye ibalulekile kuluntu lwenkcubeko ngalo mzuzu.
UTertullian wodumo olwamkelekileyo kunye ne-duelist encinci ye-florin, wakwazi ukudibanisa zombini imisebenzi, waphulukana nengalo yakhe emva kwengxabano kwindibano eshushu kunye noManuel Bueno Bengoechea.
Kuncwadi lukaValle-Inclán umntu uphefumla ukonakala okufanayo kweSpeyin eyachithwa phesheya kweelwandle kwaye isoyikiswa ngomonakalo ngaphakathi. Kunokuba abe nethemba, umsebenzi wakhe uya usiba mnyama njengoko lo njingalwazi wakudala esongezelela ekuphelelweni lithemba iimvakalelo zokwaluphala. Kulapho wazalwa uLuces de Bohemia kwaye edume kakhulu eyothusayo apho ubunyani bamaxesha akhe aphila bukhubazekile, isikweko esibi esithe ngokwentlalo nezopolitiko siqhutyelwe kude kube namhlanje, ngokoluvo lwam.
Iincwadi ezi-3 eziphambili zeValle-Inclán
Izibane zeBohemian
Ithiyetha yokufunda nayo inengongoma yayo. Bona imiboniso eguqukayo phantsi kweqonga elingenakuthelekiswa nanto lentelekelelo yokufunda, ihlala ingaphezulu kweyona theatre iBroadway ibalaseleyo.
Kwimeko yalo msebenzi, lo mbandela uthatha kwelinye inqanaba eliphezulu. Ngaphantsi kwe-prism ye-Max Estrella singena kwiintsuku zeendibano phakathi kweengcamango kunye nee-expoentialists, zobusuku bokuhlukana kwe-Madrid decadent.
Phakathi kweengxoxo eziqaqambileyo, ezinomsindo kunye nezigxekayo sifumanisa ukuba isimangaliso sokuthetha yedwa kukaMacbethian esichaza into eyoyikisayo, loo ntetho ichaza, ukusuka ekudaniseni, ukulahleka kwamaxabiso kunye nemvakalelo yokoyiswa kokuthanda ilizwe njengoko kuchaphazela imeko yoluntu.
Umsebenzi wobugcisa ogcwele iisimboli ezinje ngobumfama bukaMax Estrella okanye izibuko ezigqwethayo ezidumileyo apho sonke siphela sijongana xa kufikwa ekujonganeni nobukrakra beemeko.
Iiflegi Zozwilakhe
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku inoveli ichaphazeleka ngokungqongqo, lo msebenzi ngowona uxabiseke kakhulu ngumbhali waseGalician. Ngombulelo kuhambo lwakhe oluya eMelika, uValle-Inclán waqokelela umbono wentlalontle ngokwahlukileyo kwinto eyayiseSpain.
Kwaye le yindlela awadala ngayo ilizwe elitsha lentelekelelo awalibiza ngokuba yiSanta Fe de Tierra Firme kwaye yasebenza ukuguqula umfanekiso woozwilakhe ukusuka apha naphaya, ngesiphumo esifanayo sokugqibela sabantu, naphi na apho bakhoyo.
UGeneral Santos Banderas, igeza lokwenyani eliphethe ilizwe, ukhokela uyilo lwelizwe ngesandla esinzima. Ngokuchaseneyo naye, kuphela inkitha yee-ideals ezikwaziyo ukugxeka imeko ecetywayo yentlalo.
Enyanisweni, ibali livula ukufana phakathi kwamacala omabini e-Atlantiki, ehlangene. Ukongeza kulwimi, ngezithethe ezifanayo zegunya elizinikele ekubhangiseni abantu, apho kuphela izidalwa ezifunyenwe zigwetyelwe ukuthotywa kokuziphatha kunye nokungakwazi ukulawula ikamva labo.
Ukuthandana kweWolf
Kwi-trilogy eyaziwayo ethi "Barbarian Comedies", esi siqwenga siba yindalo yombhali. Umnini-mhlaba waseGalician uJuan Montenegro ujonga imihla yakhe yokugqibela ngokuzingisa komntu ojongene nokufa ngethemba elingacacanga lokuvela ephumelele. Umngcelele wokuqala wemiphefumlo sele ubonwa njengelo qela labantu lilinye apho sonke siphela sijikeleza.
Ubulukhuni bukaJuan Montenegro, ngokungathandabuzekiyo wanikezela kwiingalo zempambano nokuphelelwa lithemba emva kokuba ephulukene nayo yonke into, umele umfanekiso wesibindi ebusweni bababulali. Iimpawu zokufa zenziwa ngokuqaqambileyo kwindalo entle yeGalicia.
Kwaye okwangoku, umlinganiswa unenxalenye yokucinga ngezono zakhe ngaphambi kwesiphelo, njengomntu olungileyo ophikisanayo okwaziyo ukugcina yonke into eyimeko yomntu. Ikratshi awayehamba nalo kwasekuzalweni kwakhe liyaphela njengoko efunda ukuqonda ezo zigidimi ezivela emoyeni, emvuleni nakwimibane.
Njengesishwankathelo, kunokuthiwa iseti sisincoko esibalisayo ngobomi nokufa kunye nokufunyanwa kwetyathanga elidibanisa omnye nomnye.
Izimvo ezili-10 malunga "Ezona ncwadi zi-3 zigqwesileyo nguRamón María del Valle-Inclán"