Xa umbhali enokufaneleka amabhaso "njengokwahlukileyo" njengePulitzer, yendalo eqhelekileyo, kunye neHugo okanye iNebula yeFiction yeSayensiNgaphandle kwamathandabuzo, kufuneka siqonde ukuba sisebenzisana nombhali osebenza ngeendlela ezininzi, ephumelela kubume bakhe be-eclectic ukukholisa abafundi ababekwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu kuluhlu lokufunda.
Le yimeko UMichael Chabon owathi, ukongeza, ukuphumeza oko kugqwesa kokuyilayo okungenakuphikiswa kwafuneka ajongane namaxesha embalela yokuyila, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba wayengazi ukuba ngawaphi na amanzi okuqhubela phambili okanye, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba amandla akhe okuqhawula amaplanga ahlukeneyo ayesakwazi ukuphononongwa. ubunzulu obukhulu.
Ingongoma yeyokuba inkalo yokuyila yalo mbhali ayiveli njengento ezenzekelayo njengoko uqeqesho lwakhe lwalusele lujoliswe kuBugcisa obuNcinci kwaye ngokukodwa kwisebe elingaphantsi kwezendalo kwicandelo lezemfundo, ukususela kubugcisa bokuthetha ngomlomo, mhlawumbi kwisihobe okanye kwiprozi. , inokuvela okanye ingaveli kwisifundiswa okanye phantsi kweyona nto igqibeleleyo yokuzifundisa.
Ngesidanga sakhe sokubhala ngokuyilayo, uMichael Chabon wayengomnye wabo babhali balandela amanyathelo asemthethweni orhwebo (olufanele ukugqabhuka) ukuze ekugqibeleni ahlukane neengcinga neefomyula kwaye abhale ngendlela ehlabayo malunga neentlobo aziva ngathi ngamaxesha onke. .
UMichael usoloko emangalisa kwaye kwiingxelo zakhe sinokufumana ukugxekwa kunye nokucingisisa kwimiba emininzi, kodwa eyona nto indothusayo kakhulu ngalo mbhali kukuba phakathi kweencwadi zakhe umoya wethemba uvuthuza ngenxa yokungabi nathemba, i-wisp ye-detachment eyahlukahlukeneyo kwiincwadi zakhe ezahlukeneyo.
Iincwadi ezi-3 eziphambili zikaMichael Chabon
I-Adventures emangalisayo ye-Kavalier kunye neClay
Kubhalwe iincwadi ezininzi zeentsomi malunga nobuNazi, ingcamango yabo, ukuphunyezwa kwayo kunye neziphumo zayo ezoyikisayo ezikhapha ubunyani obulusizi bezibakala.
Kwaye kwezinye iinoveli okanye iimuvi imalunga nokujonga loo ndawo yombala enokuthi ngandlel' ithile ithobe ubugwenxa kunye nentlekele yokuphambana komntu. Amatyala afana nenoveli ethi Inkwenkwe ekwiiPyjama ezinemicu, ngo UJohn Boyne, okanye Ubomi buhle bulawula ukuphakamisa isimilo phakathi kwamabhodlo empucuko yethu, ngobuchule bomntu be-anecdotal. Kwenzeka into efanayo kule noveli.
Ukusuka kude kwisiXeko saseNew York ngeminyaka yoo-XNUMX, uSam noJoe, amaYuda amabini aselula aqamba umlinganiswa wencwadi ehlekisayo esilwa noHitler. I-Escapist ngumntu okwaziyo ukuphinda enze imbubhiso.
Kumboniso oye wasiwa kwisingqisho sencwadi ehlekisayo, siya kuqhubela phambili kunye namakhwenkwe, sifumanisa isixeko esigcwele isihluzo sombala wentelekelelo yombhali ongenantlonipho nonomlingo.
Umbutho wamaPolisa aseYiddish
Ukuba uqeqesho loncwadi lulo naluphi na usebenziso njengombono wokuqulunqa umbhali (ndingaphezulu kwabo bakholelwa ukuba umbhali uzelwe ngaphezu kokwenziwa kwakhe), umbuzo ngowokuba ixabiso linganikwa kufundo lwezifundo zoncwadi. ukuze kuphuhliswe kumbhali osakhasayo, le noveli ngokungathandabuzekiyo sesona siphumo siqaqambileyo.
Nditsho oku kuba yinoveli ephumelele owona mawonga abalaseleyo entelekelelo kunye nesayensi yentsomi ngaphandle kokuba yinoveli yohlobo lokwenene.
Kuphela ngumbhali oqeqeshelwe ukuyibhala onokuthi ekugqibeleni anyebeleze incwadi iyonke enokufundwa kolona hlobo lulolona luyolisayo kulo lonke uhlobo. Kuba…, ngokuqinisekileyo ndingatsho ukuba yinoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho ene-surrealist overtones.
Ngaphezu kwayo nantoni na kuba i-protagonist enkulu kule cosmos yabalinganiswa kum nguMeyer Landsman, umcuphi oqhelekileyo obuyile kuyo yonke into kwaye ethwele ubutyala obuninzi kangangokuba kufuneka afumane iimpendulo kumazantsi eebhotile.
Idolophu encinane yaseSitka, elahlekileyo kumbindi weAlaska, ifumana intsingiselo ekhethekileyo njengoko amathanga amaYuda asabela apho awayenethemba lokubuyela kwilizwe lawo ngenye imini.
Ukuqaliswa kwetyala lokubulala ukusuka apho kunokuthatha i-sociological overtones. Kwaye ke into eyenziwa nguChabon kukusingenisa kwi-delirium exakekileyo phakathi kwephupha, imvakalelo emnandi kunye neyothusayo yokuba yintoni na ukuba ngumntu ngeengcinga kunye neenkolelo zabo.
Amakhwenkwe amangalisayo
Ukubhala inoveli malunga nombhali kufuneka kube yenye yezona ngxoxo zivuzayo kumbhali. Ukusuka UDostoevsky phezulu Stephen King, uhamba IBorges o UCoetzee okanye UJoel dicker o UDante Alighieri… Abaninzi bebengababhali abathi ngaxa lithile banyanzelwa ukuba bacebise iploti apho umbhali, enemiqobo yakhe kunye nolahleko olukhuthazayo, athabathe indima efanelekileyo.
UMichael Chabon uyenzile ngeli xesha, kule noveli. Ukudibana no-Grady Tripp, i-stereotype yombhali ozazi ngcono kunendlela avuma ngayo, unengxaki ye-jam yokuyila emkhokelela kwi-loop ebalisayo kunye nebalulekileyo, apho yonke into ibonakala isindwa lishwa elifanayo, ngokulahlwa kwe-muses.
Ukubuyela kumongo wombhali ozazi ngcono kunendlela avuma ngayo, yonke into eyenzekayo kuGrady inento yokwenza nelo kamva ekufuneka limlinde ngandlela thile.
Ubomi bakhe bumdaka boncwadi apho ilitha lozuko lithe kratya kukuthakazelelwa komfundi omnye, kodwa apho uxanduva luphelela khona ukumbetha. Mhlawumbi uGrady omdala olungileyo unethuba elinye lokugqibela kuMthendeleko waMazwi, kwaye unethemba lokuba akazukuliphosa...
