Phakathi phakathi Jules Verne y UKim Stanley RobinsonSifumana lo mbhali wesiNgesi obonisa enye indlela yokucinga kwilizwe lethu lobuchule bokuqala obukhankanyiweyo kunye nenjongo ye-dystopian yombhali wesibini wangoku. Kuba funda ukuya Ibhola kukonwabela isindululo esinuka kamnandi senkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, kodwa ekugqibeleni ngamanye amaxesha ukujika kwi-dystopias eqala kwi-classical science fiction, eguqulelwe namhlanje nguStanley Robinson.
Ke, kwinto nganye Iincwadi zeballard Siyakonwabela ukusebenzisa intelekelelo kunye nentelekelelo kodwa emva koko sifunxa ukuphononongwa okunzulu kwendawo yethu emhlabeni njengempucuko.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuqhelekile ukufumanisa injongo ebalulekileyo kumfana ofana noBallard owayevalelwe ebuntwaneni bakhe kwinkampu yentolongo.
Yayiyiminyaka enzima yeMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini kunye neShanghai ekude apho umbhali wayehlala nabazali bakhe ngokusekelwe kwiMvumelwano yaMazwe ngaMazwe eyayibonakala isasaza umhlaba phakathi kweNgesi, iMelika, ulongamo lwaseTshayina okanye namanye amazwe athatha inxaxheba kwisiseko uthethathethwano lwezorhwebo okanye ezinye iintlobo zomdla.
Ndiyacaphuka ngalo mnyinyiva kuba ngokusekwe ekuvalelweni kokugqibela kukaBallard ngo-1941 ngumkhosi waseJapan, kwaphumela kwenye yeencwadi zakhe ezinomdla kakhulu ngenxa yenxalenye yebhayiloji equlethwe yile: "Ubukhosi beLanga."
Kodwa ngaphaya kweenkcukacha malunga neemeko ezithile zombhali, wonke umsebenzi wakhe wahlukile kwelo jelo likhulu lihlala liphuphuma kwinxalenye yentelekelelo kunye neentsomi zesayensi.
Kwaye ekugqibeleni u-Ballard wenza wonke umntu onwabe, uninzi lweengcali zoluhlobo kunye nabo beza kulo ukuzama ukufumana amabali amatsha ehlabathi lethu aguqulwe aba yenye into, ngelinye ixesha, kolunye ubomi ...
Iincwadi ezi-3 eziphezulu eziCetyiswayo nguJG Ballard
Ubukhosi belanga
Mhlawumbi ayisiyiyo inoveli igqwesileyo ngokweploti. Kodwa icandelo lamava likwanceda ukuvuselela ukuxelisa ukufunda okuye kuthi ekugqibeleni kubangele uvelwano olunzulu lwento efotwayo ekhutshwe kwinto yokwenyani.
Kwaye ekubeni umntu apha ekhululekile ukuseta iikhrayitheriya zokuvavanya imisebenzi, ndicinga ukuba oku kuhlala kwindawo ephezulu yeBallard bibliografi. Ngapha koko, le ncwadi yeyona ifundwayo kakhulu kwaye ixabiseke kakhulu ngumbhali waseNgilani, ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yelo cala lencwadi ethembekileyo okanye engaphantsi kwezinye iintsuku ezikude eShanghai.
Ngeli xesha umntwana waseBallard ubizwa ngokuba nguJim kwaye ngenxa yoko sifumanisa ukuba olona tyekelo luphezulu ekusindeni kwabantu. UJim ushiyeke yedwa kwihlabathi elinobutshaba. IJapan ingene kwiMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi emva kwePearl Harbour kwaye ayihloniphi nantoni na ekuvunyelwene ngayo kulawulo oluninzi lweShanghai.
UJim uzulazula kwizitrato zesixeko esoyikekayo aze ekugqibeleni avalelwe entolongweni eLunghua. Ngalo mnqweno wokuthoba amava amabi kakhulu, umbhali ubonisa inkwenkwana ye-superhero encinci ngengqiqo yokuba iyakwazi ukudibanisa nemeko yakhe ebuhlungu ukuze iphele isinde kwintlungu yakhe kunye nobundlobongela.
Isikwere
Inguqulelo yaseSpain yale noveli yayiya kuba yi "La Comunidad" nguAlex de la Iglesia. Ngaphantsi kweprism idluliselwe kuseto lwala maxesha kwiindawo apho iinqaba zineendawo zokuhlala kunye nayo yonke imeko yezentlalo ngaphakathi kweendonga zazo ezinkulu.
Ibhalwe ngo-1975, lo msebenzi ukhomba kulaa klasiki ikwaziyo ukusondela kwi-dystopia yoluntu lwethu lwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Iindawo ezivaliweyo, ulwahlulo kunye nokujongana ngezikhondo zamehlo okokugqibela njengobubi kunye nomzabalazo wodidi oluqinileyo oqhutywa ngabantu abathe bantywiliselwa kuhambo lwengqondo olubangelwa yeyona ndawo imbi kakhulu yembonakalo yoluntu apho ukungabikho kwezivalo zokuphuma kunye nokukhululwa komntu ngamnye imfazwe enesiphelo esingalindelekanga.
I-Claustrophobic kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isibonakaliso ngqo sesakhiwo ngasinye kwimida yendlela yethu yokuphila.
Ubusuku beCocaine
Ukukhuthaza iziyobisi ngokugqwesa, ukukhangela ukulunga kwilizwe eliqaqambileyo ukusuka kutshintsho lweekhemikhali.
Inoveli ebhekiselele kuxilongo lwesiphithiphithi senkulungwane yama-20 ekhoyo ngoku kule nkulungwane yama-21. Ukususela kwimiphumo yeli chiza kwii-protagonists, u-Ballard ujongana naloo njongo yokuzimela, ukuphumelela, ukuzuza impumelelo ngokukhawuleza, kuyo yonke into ephawula iipatheni zokuchuma kumntu ngamnye woshishino.
Iziphumo ezisesibini zoko kukhutshwa kuye ngumbhali njengokuziphatha gwenxa kweemoto ezikhuthaza isini kunye nobundlobongela, ukupheliswa kwentlungu kwaye okokugqibela kumvalela umntu koyikeka kwakhe nokudana. Ibali eliqinisa kwimida elahlekileyo ngawo onke amabhongo angalawulekiyo.
