Kwakukho ababhali abakhulu abathatha i-craft njenge-rudder jikelele ubomi babo bonke. Kwaye ukusuka kuloo mbono, ukubhala kuba ngamabhongo aphela edlula umlinganiswa ukufikelela kuluntu luphela. Ukuhlala ujikeleze uncwadi ngenjongo yokuluzalisa ngazo zonke iimvakalelo kunye neengcinga ezinokungena emntwini kuvakala ngathi uyazenzisa. IBalzac Wazama ngayo ngethamsanqa elikhulu, ngaphandle kwento yokuba, ewe, wayengenakuwugqiba umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu: Uhlobo lomntu.
Kuthiwa ngayo UBalzac owayengomnye weeroyalist zokuqala ngubani owabona umbono osele ukude wenkulungwane yama-XNUMX kwaye waqonda ukudlula kwihlabathi lombhali njengobungqina obufanayo beMbali. I-subjective yeyona nto ingqina okwenzekileyo ..., yonke enye into kukukhutshelwa okanye ukunyanzeliswa okuvela kwinjongo yabo bakwazileyo ukufumana ilungelo lobunikazi lwento eyenzekileyo.
Luya kuba yintoni ulwazi lwethu ngathi ngaphandle koBugcisa okanye uNcwadi? Umbono nje ulindele ukuziva bengento yanto, idatha kunye namabali asemthethweni, oluntu njengomzobo oqhubekayo kwiseyile ekugqibeleni, ebhalwe kakubi yimivumbo engadityaniswanga.
Ke ukuba uBalzac wayengomnye wabokuqala bexesha lakhe, emva kwezinye iilebhile zangaphambili zothando (kum akukho mahluko mkhulu okoko le nto ixeliweyo iqala kwi-subjective, ebaluleke ngokwenyani kuzo zonke iziganeko zabantu).
Ukuba ndiyawuqonda umahluko phakathi kweelebheli, mhlawumbi kule meko kuyinjongo ekrwada ngakumbi ngobomi babantu, mhlawumbi ukuzama ukubamba umphefumlo emhlabeni, ngokuchasene nezothando zangaphambili (abathi, ngendlela, baqhubeka nokubhala, ayisiyiyo leyo Ukurhuqwa kwangoku ukusuka kubuso bomhlaba ukuya kolunye).
Ukuphazamiseka kwayo yonke le misinga kubonakala ngokucacileyo ukuba sijonga ukuba yenye yeempembelelo ezinkulu zeBalzac UWalter scott, uthando olukhulu ... Kunzima ukujija umbhali, akunakwenzeka ngokwenene kwimeko kaBalzac.
Masibhale, ewe, ngenxa yoku-odola yonke into. Kodwa asiyi kuhlala silungile. Lo mbandela uyinxalenye yeComedy yoLuntu, umsebenzi omkhulu ongagqitywanga wale ngcaphephe yesiFrentshi.
Iinoveli ezi-3 ezinconyelweyo nguBalzac
Umntu ohlekisayo
Umsebenzi omkhulu, i-acme yendalo yakhe ... u-Balzac wacinga ukubhala incwadi yeencwadi, ngokuhambelana ne-Divine Comedy, uDon Quixote okanye iBhayibhile. Kwaye wayichukumisa ..., kodwa ubomi abuzange bumnike amandla okuwugqiba. Isimbuku semiboniso phakathi kwesincoko kunye noncwadi. Ifilosofi kunye neengcinga phambi (okanye malunga) nabalinganiswa kunye nee-avatars zazo zonke iintlobo.
Iinoveli ezingama-87 zizonke eziqale kumbono wokuqala kunye nezinye ezisi-7 ebezingalindelekanga (kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukuba kuvela iziganeko ezingalindelekanga). I-Human Comedy ngumsebenzi odidayo kakhulu kaBalzac, ngawo wazixhasa ngemali kwaye kuyo kuvela imiba emitsha ekufuneka igutyungelwe kuluvo lwakhe ukuze agqibezele umsebenzi.
Ngaphandle kokuba ungagqitywanga, lo mqulu uyamxaka umfundi. Ubalo lwayo lweziqendu, ukubhalwa kwalo kuncwadi olujongana nayo yonke into, imbali yayo kunye neembali zembali. Ihlabathi ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX zibandakanyiwe kule ngoma heterogeneous.
Isikhumba seZapa
Into esele ndikuxelele yona. Ayisiyiyo yonke into enelebheli efanayo njengemveliso yecala. Kule noveli yokuqala nguBalzac sifumana i-hybrid yezinto ezimnandi kunye nezinto ezikhoyo njengotshintsho kwinto eza kuza kamva.
Kwintelekelelo ka-Balzac wafumana indawo entle yokucamngca ngefilosofi, kuba kuphela kwiimeko ezamkelekileyo ngokwamkelweyo kumfundi apho ifilosofi inokucetywa ngokulula ngaphakathi. Ukujonga into emangalisayo kukufumanisa imeko apho yonke into inokwenzeka kwaye apho umfundi exhomekeke ekucingeni ngaphandle, ngaphandle kweemeko okanye ubandlululo.
Inoveli emfutshane ephikisana nesiseko esisemthethweni sikaBalzac okanye ubuncinci iphosa impama ebusweni kubo bonke abo bazama ukubeka umgaqo wokudibanisa kuqala. I-Balzac yayiyinto entle kunye nokungcakaza. Kucacile ukuba injongo yakhe yayingekokuzonwabisa nje okanye intuthuzelo yomphefumlo, kodwa yayikukucinga, naye wayecinga.
Utata Goriot
Le noveli ifakwe kumqulu weComedy yoLuntu, kodwa inento yayo njengenye yeenoveli ezinkulu zombhali. Umzobo wakhe weParis yelo xesha, yeemeko zayo ezingafaniyo phakathi kweeklasi, inkxwaleko kunye nezopolitiko ezingakwaziyo ukulawula uyilo lwabantu. Abantu banokuba zizilo. Ukusuka kwintlupheko, ukuphoxeka kunye namabhongo okufunda ngokungenazintloni ukusinda, uGoriot ufumanisa ukuba iintombi zakhe ziyayeka ukuba zezo zidalwa zimangalisayo zendalo xa zinikezela kumhlaba ophantsi.
U-Eugène Rastignac ngobuqili ufuna indawo yakhe phakathi kweeklasi ezityebileyo, sifumanisa kunye naye ukuba ubukrelekrele ekukhohliseni bunokuphela bunjani buye phezulu. Uluntu oluphakamileyo, amasiko alo kunye nokuncinci. Ubunyani bokwenzeka kwezi ndawo zabucala uBalzac wakhula kakuhle.
