Kunye noHerman Melville kudityaniswa kathathu ngababhali abakhulu be-adventure benkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Kuba ecaleni kwe URobert Louis Stevenson kunye nokungapheliyo Jules Verne, Aba babhali bathathu babonisa uninzi lomoya omtsha, umhambi, umphandi, embindini wesayensi kunye nobusuku obufutshane beenkolelo, iinkolelo kwanalo naluphi na uhlobo lokholo, ukhokho nakweyiphi na imbonakalo yala maxesha.
Ewe kunjalo, kwimeko kaHerman Melville, ukubhala kwazalwa njengesidingo sokungqina ukuhamba kwakhe phakathi kweelwandle kunye neelwandle. Inkxalabo yomntu obekek 'umdla kwezo ntsuku, yongezwa kwintelekelelo kunye nobuchule kwabo babephethe iinkuni zombhali, kukhokelele kwinkoliso yeenoveli ezazizula-zula kolo phando lwesayensi nolwe-esoteric oluqhelekileyo kule nkulungwane.
Ukhuliswe njengowesibini kubantakwabo abasixhenxe, ngokungathandabuzekiyo kwafuneka afunde ukuzimela ngelixa encedisa abanye abantwana, ekubeni eneminyaka elishumi elinesibini wajamelana nokunyamalala okubuhlungu kukayise.
Akumangalisi ke ukuba xa efika kwi-20, enobukrelekrele kunye nemvelaphi yenkcubeko ngokuchaseneyo kwimidlalo eyahlukeneyo, wagqiba kwelokuba ayoyise into eyayiseza kufunyanwa ngaphaya kolwandle.
Ayinamsebenzi kangako into yokuba iinoveli zakhe zokuqala zisilele ukuphumelela ukuqhwatywa kwezandla ngabagxeki kunye nabafundi. Usukelo lozuko lwaluya kufikelela ekugqibeleni, phakathi koncwadi noko kwakubalulekile kumoya wakhe wokuhambahamba: amava.
Iinoveli ezi-3 eziphakanyisiweyo zikaHerman Melville
Moby Dick
Ngubani ongayifundanga le ncwadi okanye ubuncinci abone uhlobo lwefilimu? Ekuphakameni kweenoveli ezilungileyo zikaJules Verne, le ncwadi isivulela kwi-adventure enokuthelekiswa, kwimvelaphi yayo kunye ne-Odyssey yase-Ulysses okanye nawuphina umsebenzi ovula uhambo njengolwazi olusisiseko kunye nomsebenzi wobuntu.
Kungenxa yokuba uKapteni uAhabhi ekhangela umnenga uhamba umgama omde ukuya kuhlobo lwe-adventure ochaphazelekayo ngokungqongqo. Kodwa kukwafunda okunzulu kuphelela ekucaciseni injongo yesibini, leyo ibalisa ubume boluhambo ngalunye, lobomi bonke obusemva kokulungileyo, injongo, injongo okanye nantoni na eshukumayo.
I-dichotomy yoncwadi ekwazalisekiswa ngokugqibeleleyo lihlabathi lolwandle, ngolwazi olupheleleyo lombhali naye ogqiba ukubhala incwadi yaselwandle yexesha lakhe. Inoveli ejikelezwe kakuhle exabiswayo namhlanje kuyo yonke imilinganiselo yayo.
UBenito Cereno
Kwesinye isiganeko esele ndithethile malunga nokuba kuthetha ntoni ukubhala utitshala ebusweni be-Eclipse ejikeleze wonke umsebenzi wombhali.
Akukho nto uHerman Melville ayibhalileyo kungekudala okanye kamva efikelela kubungangamsha bukaMoby Dick, kodwa eziqwalasele ngokwabo, iincwadi ezinjengoBenito Cereno zifanelwe luncedo lokuthandabuza njengoko zivela kwingqondo efanayo. Sikwisiqithi esiyintlango esikunxweme lwaseChile. Unyaka ngu-1799 kwaye uKapteni Delano ubanjiwe phambi kwesiqithi.
Ukufika kwenqanawa entsha kumenza alumke. Xa umkhosi wangaphandle usondela eSanto Domingo, eligama lawo, oko bakufumanayo apho kuvusa inceba yabo. Kodwa kwibali le-adventure, ayisiyiyo yonke into ebonakala ngathi ... Ukapteni weso sikhephe sitsha, uDon Benito othile, ugqibela ngokuba ngumntu ongaqhelekanga, okhohlakeleyo, okwaziyo ukugcina imfihlo enkulu ...
Bartleby, unobhala
Ngaphandle kobufutshane bayo, eli bali liphela livusa umlingo ngokungaqheleki kwalo. Inokubizwa ngokuba yi-surrealist ngaphandle kwento yokuba le yangoku ibingaziwa ngexesha lombhali.
Inqaku lelokuba amandla e-centrifugal akumema ukuba uqhubeke nokufunda wakube uqalile. Konke kujikeleze ibinzana u-Bartleby uhlala ephinda phinda "kungcono ndingayi."
Kwenzeke into engaqhelekanga engqondweni yakhe, uhlobo lwesekethe emfutshane edibanisa umlinganiswa othi, kungenjalo, alandele ngokucocekileyo imisebenzi yakhe njengonobhala okanye umkhupheli kwiofisi yombalisi, igqwetha elaziwayo laseWall Street.
Ukuziphatha kwebali ngumcimbi osoloko usasazwa ngomlomo ngaphandle kokuwuchaza ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa njengoko nditshilo, ngaphaya kokuthanda okanye injongo yombhali, eyona nto inomdla kuyo yonke into kukuba amandla kaBartleby ogqiba iintsuku zakhe elambile ejele ... Malunga nendlela afike ngayo, kungcono ndingakuxeleli, «mna ukhetha ukungayenzi ".
Izimvo ezi-2 "Ezona ncwadi zi-3 zigqwesileyo nguHerman Melville"