Xa uzama ukufumanisa oyena mbhali ubalaseleyo elizweni, kungcono ukubhenela kwimvumelwano yenkcubeko yenkcubeko yelo lizwe. Kwaye kwimeko yaseJamani uninzi luchaza UJohn Wolfgang von Goethe njengoyena mntu ubalisa amabali owazalwa wanyathela kuloo mhlaba.
Ngubani owaziyo ukuba loo nto yokugqithiswa kwentlalo yayiyinjongo yakhe yokugqibela. Into ecacileyo yeyokuba ngemisebenzi yakhe wayefuna ukugqithisela kobukho, ukungafi. IFaust yakhe, umsebenzi wobugcisa wehlabathi, ingena kwiinkungu kwihlabathi lobulumko, ulwazi, isimilo, yonke into echaphazela umntu kweyona nkqubo yakhe igqibeleleyo nentsonkothileyo yendaleko.
Kodwa UGoethe wayethandana, inkulu kuzo zonke, mhlawumbi. Kwaye oko kuthetha injongo yokomoya nakwi-esoteric. Injongo kaGoethe iya kuba ngaphezu kokugqiba ekubeni ngumbhali ofundileyo, kodwa ukuphumeza ileyibhile yombhali ohamba ngomphefumlo womntu, esiya ezulwini okanye esihogweni. Ayikokufumana iimpendulo ezingqingqwa okanye iinjongo ezibambekayo, koko imalunga nokuqokelela amava azimeleyo kunye neembono zobutyebi obugqithisileyo.
Kuba ukwazi ... inzululwazi yayisele ikhona, kumasebe awo ahlukeneyo lo mbhali ubalaseleyo wangenelela. Ukusuka kwi-anatomical engqongqo efana ne-optics kunye ne-osteology ukuya kwi-chemistry okanye kwi-geology. Alithandabuzeki elokuba uGoethe wakhwela iinkxalabo zakhe kangangoko wayenako, ehlala efuna iindawo ezintsha zokufumana nokufunda. Njengokubaluleka kwesikhundla sakhe esikhulu, uGoethe wakhetha nezopolitiko, xa wayeza kuba ngusopolitiki wafuna ezona zilinywayo neziphiwo ...
UGoethe waphila iminyaka engama-82. Kwaye into yokubhala yothando yathatha ixesha elide ukuba yenzekile. Kwiminyaka yakhe yokugqibela njengombhali wezoncwadi, incinci yolu thando luthandekayo lwahlala kwaye umbhali we-classicist wavela, into eqhelekileyo kumbhali owayehamba phakathi kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo neyeshumi elinesithoba. Kwiminyaka emininzi yobomi, ubungqina bakhe babusisiseko kwimbali yaseYurophu. Ukuphenjelelwa ngabanye ababhali abaninzi kwaye yaqwalaselwa, mhlawumbi kunye noLeonardo Da Vinci, eyona ndoda ikrelekrele embalini ...
Iinoveli eziphezulu zikaJohann Wolfgang von Goethe
Ubuqaqawuli
UFaust wayehlala engumntu wasentsomini welize lomntu, ukuthanda okungenamda kunye namabhongo. Yintoni eyindida malunga neFaust kukuba le njongo ibandakanya konke ilungile njengoko injalo.
Kwaye kwesi sicelo sisityebi esingumlinganiswa nje, uGoethe wayesazi ukuba angadala njani enye yeenoveli ezinkulu, ezikwaziyo ukubandakanya zonke izimvo zomntu, ukusuka kwezona ndawo zinamabhongo ukuya kwezona zigwala.
Kuba kuhlala kukho isizathu sokwenza kunye nokuziphatha. Sonke siyinto encinci yeFaust, ekwaziyo ukucinga ngokuthengisa umphefumlo wethu kumtyholi ukuze sinandiphe ubomi obupheleleyo. Ukugcwala kuhlala kungumcimbi wokwanelisa ukuthanda kwethu ulwazi, kwaye kuba sibushiya ubomi bethu ...
Imbuyekezo kukuhlala kwethu ngusathana..., kodwa oko kuya kuba kobunye ubomi, xa sele uwushiyile lo mhlaba iinyawo zakho kuqala kunye noncumo olubandayo lokuzuza yonke into, ukusuka kulwazi oluphezulu ukuya kulwazi. ulonwabo. Leyo yayiyingcamango kaFausto, isizathu sokuba athengise umphefumlo wakhe. Kwaye okwangoku, eFaust sifumana unxunguphalo olunzulu olukhoyo.
Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, umtyholi uyazi ukuba kukho ntoni ngokusikelwa umda ngokwazi yonke into kunye nokubandakanya yonke into. UGoethe wayeyazi indlela yokuphakamisa le ntsomi kudidi lomdlalo weqonga ophakamileyo womntu, ekuphakameni kwe Udidi oluvela kuThixo kaDante.
Iminyaka yokufunda kaWilhelm Meister
Le noveli inomdla kakhulu ingcwatywe nguFausto. Kunokwenzeka ukuba kubhaliwe ngababhali abaninzi kwimbali, bekuya kuphakama kwinqanaba lomsebenzi omkhulu, kodwa kwimeko yeGoethe, ihlala kwindawo yesibini ... Kwaye oko, njengoko ndithethayo, oku. inoveli inobukhulu obuninzi.
Umbhali osisilumko ukhokela isimilo kumzekeliso wokufunda kuyo yonke imimandla, ukusukela kwezona zibalulekileyo ukuya kwezona zinxulumene nobulumko, amandla empucuko, ulwazi ngendalo. Intetho entle kaWihelm Meister kunye nezilumko, ibonakalisa into ayifundileyo.
Kodwa umlinganiswa uyayazi imbonakalo yobugcisa kwaye ungena kwindalo ukufuna ubuncwane bayo yonke into. Kwaye ngaphandle kwendlela ebonakala ngayo ekufundiseni kuninzi ukusondelelana, ukucacisa umntu oqhubela phambili kwindlela yakhe, kwi-adventure yokuphila.
Iimpazamo eziLungileyo zikaWerther
Ngexesha likaGoethe ukubhala iinoveli zothando yayiyenye into. Kwakukudala ngaphambi kokuba i-pinki ibonelele ngokungakhathali kunye novakalelo ngokungqongqo (hey, wamkelekile kuhlobo lwangoku).
Uthando njengempikiswano ngexesha likaGoethe lwalukho ubukho kwelona liphezulu. Ukwakhiwa kwepistolary yale ncwadi kuvumela umntu wokuqala ukuba afikelele kwiimvakalelo kunye nokubandezeleka kothando.
Ubukhulu bokuziphatha komntu othandweni kunye nentlekele yokuwa njengeyona ndlela imbi kwinzondo, impindezelo okanye ukuzibulala.
Uthando lunokuba yintsimi echumileyo yokwabelana okanye indawo eyinkangala yeemvakalelo ezinakho ukoyisa zonke izizathu, konke kuya kuthanda. UWerther noCarlota, kunye nomntakwabo Werther, uGuillermo.
Phakathi kwabo bobathathu ibali lothando lakhiwe elisimemayo ukuba sibone ngaphaya koonobumba, sive inqindi lomthumeli kumava omfundi.
