Inkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, kunye nokuvuka kwayo okucacileyo kubuchwephesha kwezobuchwephesha, kwezenzululwazi nakwimizi-mveliso, yanika ithuba elingenakuthelekiswa nanto lokoyisa umhlaba osekhona kugcinwa izithuba ezithile ezinikezelwe kwi-obscurantism, kwi-esoteric...
Kwaye kuloo ndawo ye-chiaroscuro, Uncwadi lufumene indawo enomdla kubabalisi beendaba ezinkulu ezinje Jules Verne okanye ungumnikazi URobert Louis Stevenson. Phakathi kwabo bathathe awona manqanaba okubalisa aphakamileyo kwihlabathi lokufunda elilangazelele ukuvela apho umntu wale mihla wayejongene nokungaziwayo. Uyilo olukhulu lukaVerne kunye neengqikelelo zesayensi zadityaniswa kunye neelog zikaStevenson zeziganeko ezimangalisayo, i-tandem esisiseko yokufikelela kweli xesha ngokwembono yabantu ngakumbi uncwadi oluhlala luhamba nalo.
Ngenxa yeemeko zakhe zempilo, uStevenson wagqiba ekubeni abe luhlobo oluhambahambayo oluye lwazinika umsebenzi wokubhala uncwadi lokuhamba, kunye nolo longezo lweentsomi olwaphelela ekumnyuseni aye phezulu ngokoluhlobo lwe-adventure.
Kwiminyaka yakhe engama-44 yobomi, uStevenson wabhala iincwadi kunye nenqwaba yeencwadi, uninzi lwazo lusasinda nanamhlanje ekuchazeni ngokutsha isikrini esikhulu, kwindawo yemidlalo yeqonga okanye kuthotho lweTV.
Iincwadi ezili-3 eziphezulu ezicetyiswayo nguRobert Louis Stevenson
Isiqithi sobuncwane
Kukho iincwadi onokuhlala ucebisa ngazo kulo naluphi na uhlobo lokufunda, ukusukela kwezona zinamava ukuya kwabo bafuna incwadi elungileyo onokuthi uqalise ngayo ukungena kumkhwa osempilweni wokufunda. Ngale noveli kwazalwa iparadigm yoncwadi yobutyebi obufihliweyo, apho abaphangi babeke khona ikamva labo.
Isimboli isekhona unanamhla njengesiseko sokwenene esibalulekileyo sayo yonke amabhongo. Ukuba iCanción del Pirata nguJosé de Espronceda wanikela amazwi omoya wepirate, uLa Isla del Tesoro ujikeleza umxholo, uphawu lwenkululeko yokuhamba elwandle ukhangela nabuphi na ubutyebi obuthethelela ubungozi kunye nomngcipheko.
Abalinganiswa be-Admiral Benbow kunye nemfihlo yabo enkulu, uhambo oluya e-Hispaniola kunye nohambo lukaJim Hawkins, abancinci nabangoyikiyo abahamba noGqirha Livesey. Inkangeleko entle kaJohn Silver, ehleli phakathi kwabasebenzi, elungele ukuhlasela isikhephe ngowona mzuzu ulungileyo ...
Kwaye ubuncwane, belinde kwisiqithi esikude esingekabonakali ziingcali zexesha. Enye yezona adventures ezinkulu ezifundeka ngokukhawuleza, kodwa zigcwele iinkcukacha ezicacileyo ezichazayo.
Imeko engaqhelekanga kaGqirha Jekyll kunye noMnu Hyde
Kukho iinoveli ezikwisimo sabo esimnandi esiphethe intlawulo engagqibelelanga ethi iphele ngokujongana nezinto zokwenyani. Isiseko sokufunda kule noveli sinika ukonwaba okukodwa kufutshane nenoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho, into efana neDorian Grey ye Oscar Wilde (ucinga ukuba umsebenzi omkhulu ka-Oscar Wilde wapapashwa kunyaka kamva, usenokuba wasebenza njengenkuthazo)
Kodwa kwakamsinya nje xa siqala ukuhlalutya oko kuthethwa bubuntununtunu, obo buntu buye buvele buye buphele bube sisichasi somntu ophambili, siyayiqonda injongo yokuvuka kwinyani yokuphikisana kwabantu, abanako ukuhlala iimeko, ukutsiba zonke ezo zinto bezisithi azinakuqhekeka kwimilinganiselo yokuziphatha kwimbono eyakhelwe kulwazi ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo ukuqhuba okungazi nto ...
Kwi-London enenkungu eye yaba liziko lehlabathi emva kokuguqulwa kwezoshishino kunye nokugcinwa kwamakholoni ayo, uDkt Jekyll ngugqirha owaziwayo, nangona kunjalo, ngolunye usuku, uqala ukuziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga, enobudlova, engalawulekiyo ... Ubungqina. Abalinganiswa abahlukeneyo Bagqiba ukwakha uMnumzane Hyde obonakala engenakwenzeka ukuba avele kumlinganiswa owaziwayo.
Isithako esilula seza nenguqu. Kwaye ngoku okuseleyo kukuqwalasela ukuba umbulali unokupheliswa kuphela ngokususa umkhosi wakhe.
Utolo olumnyama
Kule noveli, uStevenson ukwazile ukwenza i-forey emangalisayo kuhlobo lweentsomi zembali. Ingxabano eyaziwayo malunga netrone yaseNgilani ngenkulungwane ye-30 (iMfazwe yeRoses) yathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwe-XNUMX, ivelisa kwakhona njengengxabano malunga nelifa apho abantu baphela bephalaza igazi labo ngenxa yomdla. okanye enye.
Bona, ii-lackeys, yayingameva ezi roses zimbini (ezi ntsapho zimbini zinamakhaka aphawulwe ngombala obomvu kwelinye icala kunye nerose emhlophe kwelinye). UStevenson wabonakala ngathi ufuna ukufumanisa ubukho bamashumi eminyaka apho izindlu zaseLancaster naseYork ziphikisana nesiqithi esikhulu.
NgoRichard Dick Shelton kunye nendlela yakhe exakekileyo yokuqeshwa njengosaziwayo singena kwiminyhadala yexesha, kwangaxeshanye siyazi imicimbi yesiko engengomntu ungathandekiyo kwaye sinikwe loo nto yokonwaba, izaphuli-mthetho, iyelenqe, uthando Ukungaqondani ... Inoveli yezembali egcina incasa kaStevenson yesiseko sokuzonwabisa.
