Abanye babona bantu bacinga kakhulu kwimbali yethu banikezela ngombono ngomsebenzi wabo. Ngaphandle komlinganiswa ofundisayo othanda isithandi sobulumko nietzsche, isazi ngezentlalo Marx okanye isazinzulu njenge Freud, Ukufunda umsebenzi wakhe kuphelela ekubeni lincwadi yokucinga, kwindalo emangazayo yendaleko yethu njengempucuko nakweyiphi na indawo.
Isiseko sokuba le nguqulelo yoncwadi yenzeke kwaye igqithele kulwazi nje luqala kwinto yokuba umlinganiswa ekuthethwa ngaye unegalelo kwelo nqanaba lokophula umthetho, lophuko, lwe-avant-garde. Izimvo zikaNietzsche, iindlela zikaMarx okanye umtsi osemgangathweni Freud Kwingqondo, bagqibela ngokubeka iziseko ebezixoxwa kakhulu ziingqondo ezicingisisiweyo zomzuzu ngamnye. Oko kukuthi, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, iMbali yenza uncwadi ngamagorha anyanisekileyo empucuko yethu ejongene nabaphuli benkqubela phambili.
Kungenxa yoko le nto ndizisa kule bhlogi amaxesha ngamaxesha ababhali abavela apha naphaya ekubonakala ukuba abangabo abakwicandelo lezemfundo, kodwa ekugqibeleni ekufuneka befundile ngamanye amaxesha ukufumana umbono ohambisanayo oyimfuneko ukuze siqonde into esasiyiyo kwaye singaya phi ...
Kwimeko kaFreud, namhlanje sonke sithetha nge-psychoanalysis, malunga nesondo njenge-drive edibeneyo nesizathu kwaye ekwazi ukukhokelela kwiiphilias ezahlukeneyo kakhulu okanye i-phobias ukuba uxhulumaniso alwenziwanga ngendlela efanelekileyo. Walahlwa ngeentsuku zakhe ngokuthetha ngesondo sobuntwana okanye ngokubeka isondo phambi kwenani leempembelelo zabantu, wayeyila into entsha kunyango ngokwenza ukuhamba kweengcinga ukuya kwi-subconscious yomntu ngamnye ukuzama ukufumana indawo ye-placebo yemeko yengqondo ukusuka ingcambu kakhulu enxibelelana neemfihlo zethu engcwatywe.
Nangona intelekelelo echubekileyo kaFreud maxa wambi yamkhokelela kwiithiyori ezazingasoloko zisekwe ngokupheleleyo, njengoko kujongwa ngokuphandle namhlanje, umzobo wakhe wawuyimfuneko kakhulu ukuba, ngokuchanekileyo, uvule intelekelelo kwizinto ezintsha ezinokwenzeka ezihamba novavanyo.
Ukufunda uFreud kukufumanisa ukuba nguyise wamayeza anyangayo kwizifundo zengqondo okanye zonyango, kuba yonke into ekugqibeleni wakwazi ukuyifaka kumagqirha engqondo yayisekwe kunyango oluqheleke ngakumbi lomntu, ngaphandle kwesikhwishikhwiza esiqhelekileyo ngamanye amaxesha kwezo apho ubugeza babuphathwa ngokuthanjiswa, iilobotomies okanye unyango lwe-electroconvulsive hayi kude kube ngoku ...
Iincwadi ezi-3 eziphezulu eziCetyiswayo nguSigmund Freud
Ukutolikwa kwamaphupha
Into embi malunga nefuthe elinamandla njengaleyo yaba yinto kaFreud, kukuba kuyo sicinga ukuba amaphupha ethu anokuthintelwa ngokweesimboli zawo.
Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo iphupha lixhomekeke kwizalathiso zenkcubeko, iimeko zobuqu kunye nezinto ezininzi eziguquguqukayo. Nangona kunjalo, inyani yokuba sonke singena kwinkcazo engacacanga yamaphupha iqala kumfana onje ngoFreud owayecinga ukuba olu lwimi lungenakwenzeka lwamaphupha kufuneka lufihle ulwazi ngakumbi.
Kwaye kukwinto yokuba, ukusuka ekutolikeni kwamaphupha, sifika ithiyori yovavanyo lwengqondo kunye nendlela yayo. Ukufikelela kule ngqondo yamaphupha, ekhokelwa ngumhlalutyi, kunokuphelisa ukucoca iingxaki ezizalwe yiminqweno efihliweyo, ephawulwe njengengalunganga lityala okanye uloyiko.
Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba ususa njani i-skein nganye nganye, umsebenzi ekuthi kule ncwadi kugcinwe umsebenzi ogqwesileyo we-psyche.
Itotem kunye netaboo
Yinto enye eyaboniswa nguDarwin malunga nendlela esize ngayo apha kwi-anthropology yesayensi. (Umbhali endiza kuthi ngokuqinisekileyo ndikhulise kwesinye isithuba) kwaye esahluke mpela sisiseko, imvelaphi yomntu ekuhlanganeni, uxinaniswe kukudityaniswa kokuqonda, kokuthobela ukukhula kweziko lokuziphatha kunye neentsingiselo zalo isiphoso ekutenxeni komgaqo omiselweyo.
Oku kungahambi kakuhle ikwayinxalenye ye-anthropology yesayensi enxulunyaniswe nohlaziyo lwe-psychoanalysis. Yiyo loo nto izimvo ze totem zonqulo okanye nayiphi na enye into izelwe, ezinye zihlonitshwa kwisazela esifanayo kunye neetaboos ezinokuvela kuzo kwaye zibekwe ngaphakathi kudityaniso oluyimfuneko, kunye nezibilini zabo zengqondo ezixatyiswe kakhulu kuye nawuphina umntu .
Imvelaphi yovavanyo lwengqondo
Inye into ngumsebenzi wokugqibela apho uFreud wasebenzisa izixhobo zakhe zokucinga ngokuhambelana novavanyo kunye nethiyori, kwaye enye into yindlela uFreud afike ngayo apho.
Le ncwadi yingxelo enomdla yenkqubo, ibonakaliswe kwiileta ezihanjiswe yinkxalabo enkulu yengqondo kunye nomphengululi oziva ekufutshane neempendulo kwimibuzo emikhulu yesayensi yengqondo eguqukayo.
Umamkeli woonobumba kule ncwadi akekho omnye ngaphandle kukaWilhelm Fliess, i-theorist ye-bisexuality njengenxalenye yomntu.
Oko kugqitywa ngumsebenzi kaFreud kuhlawulwa yile ncwadi apho umbhali aveza ukuthandabuza kwakhe malunga nokwenzeka kwesikolo se-psychoanalytic ngokunokwenzeka kwimeko yezentlalo. Nangona kunjalo, ubungqina bokuqina kwakhe kulo mbandela buphela buxhasa yonke into eza kuza kamva ...
Amagqabantshintshi ama-3 "Ezona ncwadi zi-3 zibalaseleyo nguSigmund Freud"