Iincwadi ezi-3 ezilungileyo kakhulu nguPaul Auster omkhulu

Ngokukodwa ubuchule bokuyila UPaul auster, onako ukutyibilika kuzo zonke izindululo zakhe zoncwadi, uqhubeka ngendlela eyodwa kumsebenzi wakhe wonke. Kangangokuba akukho lula ukufumanisa iqonga lemisebenzi ukucebisa ngalo lo mbhali, awongwe phakathi kwabanye, kunye INkosana yeAsturias Award 2006.

Kodwa amaxesha ngamaxesha, ngelixa ucinga ubukrelekrele obukhethekileyo bayo yonke imisebenzi yombhali, ugqibela ngokulungisa ngendlela enkulu kunye nabo banakho ukuphumelela kuwe, kwelo cebo apho ubuxoki buye khona kunye eyinyani ibonisa amaza afanayo.

Nokuba loo nto okanye uza kuthatheka ngumdla. Kungenxa yokuba bambalwa ababhali abakwaziyo ukuhamba ngalo mculo uphikisayo owenziwe kwiprosile eyenziwe eAuster. Uhlobo lokulinganisela okubalaseleyo phakathi kobunkunkqele kunye nokulula, apho I-Auster ngutitshala.

Ngayo imiboniso bhanyabhanya ethi ngamanye amaxesha ikhuphe Woody AllenNgenxa yenqaku le-surreal kunye nendawo yeNew York eyonwabisayo okanye eyonwabisayo kwimfuno yokuyila, u-Auster ufumanisa kubalinganiswa bakhe isiqwenga somphefumlo esisesomfundi wakhe ngamnye.

Iinoveli ezi-3 eziphezulu ezicetyiswayo nguPaul Auster

Kwilizwe lezinto zokugqibela

U-Anna Blume ubalisa kwileta yakhe eya kwisithandwa sakhe, esithunyelwe sisuka kwisixeko esingachazwanga ngagama, okwenzeka kwiLizwe Lezinto Zokugqibela. U-Anna ukhona ukukhangela umntakwabo uWilliam, echaza umhlaba apho ukufuna ukufa kuthathe indawo yamahla ndinyuka obomi: iiklinikhi ze-euthanasia kunye neeklabhu zokubulala ziyachuma, ngelixa iimbaleki kunye nababaleki bengayeki de bawe ngokoqobo befile ngenxa yokudinwa, kunye nabatsibayo bazijula ​​phezu kophahla.

Kodwa u-Anna uya kuzama ukusinda kwelo lizwe liyinkangala, apho yonke into ekhoyo inokwenzeka ukuba ingumzekelo wokugqibela wohlobo lwayo ... Oku mhlawumbi enye yezihloko ezicetywayo zombhali, kwaye uphuhliso lwayo luhamba kunye nokunyaniseka komsebenzi. I-Dystopia ivula ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba siqale ukufumanisa ibali. Intsomi ethile yenzululwazi etyibilikayo phakathi kwemeko-bume yekamva isinika iingcamango ezinkulu zobukhona obukhokelela kwi-fatalism ukuya kubuchule obuthile be-anecdote bubomi bethu.

Ubusuku bomlomo

USidney Orr ngumbhali, echacha kwisifo ebekungekho mntu ulindele ukuba asinde. Kwaye rhoqo kusasa xa inkosikazi yakhe uGrace isiya emsebenzini, wayesebuthathaka kwaye edidekile, ehamba edolophini.

Ngenye imini uthenga e-El Palacio de Papel, ivenkile yeencwadi kaMnu Chang ongaqondakaliyo, incwadi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emkhohlisayo, kwaye ufumanisa ukuba unokubhala kwakhona. Umhlobo wakhe uJohn Trause, okwangumbhali, naye ogulayo, okwangumnini wenye yeencwadi eziluhlaza zasePortugal, umxelele ngoFlitcraft, umlinganiswa owathi, njengoSydney, wasinda kwibrashi esondeleyo ngokufa.

Ithuba, ithuba njengecandelo eligqiba ukudibanisa ikamva, ezo zethu sonke. Umlingo wemihla ngemihla ubonwa ngombono olungileyo. Ukuzilolonga kwi-hypnosis esenza ukuba sibe ngabanyangi babalinganiswa abanobuntu.

Baumgartner

Kunjengokuba uSabina ebenokuthi, “Akukho mnqweno umbi ngaphezu kokulangazelela into engazange yenzeke. Kwaye ingxaki ngokuhamba kwexesha kukuba imonotony yexesha elidluleyo iyintsomi kwaye ilungiselelwe, ngokungathi yinto yomlingo, ebiwe ngamashwa. Iinkumbulo zezona bhanyabhanya zibalaseleyo, eyona noveli inkulu kwezakha zabhalwa. Ngenxa yokuba isizathu kunye nentelekelelo iyavuma ukuphinda ibhale ibali lobomi bethu ngeyona ndlela intle ye-melancholic enokwenziwa.

U-Baumgartner ngumbhali ogqwesileyo kunye nonjingalwazi waseyunivesithi, e-eccentric njengoko ethambile ngendlela emangalisayo, owaphulukana nenkosikazi yakhe kwiminyaka elithoba eyadlulayo. Ubomi bakhe buchazwa luthando olunzulu noluhlala luhleli ku-Anna kwaye ngoku, kwi-71, uyaqhubeka nokuzabalaza ukuhlala engekho.
Ibali labo eliqhelekileyo liqala ngo-1968, xa bedibana njengabafundi abangenamali eNew York kwaye nangona bephantse bachasene kwizinto ezininzi, baqala ubudlelwane obunomdla obuya kuhlala iminyaka engamashumi amane. Ukoyisa usizi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngu-Anna kuhlanganiswe namabali amangalisayo-ukususela ebutsheni bakhe eNewark ukuya kubomi bukayise njengenguqu engazange iphumelele eMpuma Yurophu-kunye nokubonakaliswa okunamandla kwindlela esiyithanda ngayo kumanqanaba obomi.

Ukuthatha ingqalelo kubuninzi bendawo ebanzi Uludwe lukaPaul Auster, incasa yomnye okanye yeminye yemisebenzi yakhe isenokwahluka ngokuphawulekayo ukusuka komnye umfundi ukuya komnye. Kwimbali yakhe enzulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ephambeneyo; kuyilo oluguqukayo apho izigcawu ziza kwaye zihambe ngokungathi zingalindelwanga kwinqanaba; kuyo yonke le nto kuhlala ukhetho olunokwenzeka lwahluke kakhulu kumfundi ngamnye. Kodwa yiza, sele ndigqibile ...

Ezinye iincwadi ezicetyiswayo nguPaul Auster ...

Indoda ebumnyameni

UAugust Brill ubekwingozi yemoto kwaye uchacha kwikhaya lentombi yakhe eVermont. Akakwazi ukulala, kwaye wenza amabali ebumnyameni. Kwenye yazo, u-Owen Brick, umlingo omncinci oye wamkela igama leqonga elithi "The Great Zavello", uvuka ezantsi komngxuma onamadonga agudileyo angakwaziyo ukunyuka. Akazi apho akhoyo nokuba ufike njani apho, kodwa uva ingxolo yedabi.

Kude kube kuvela uSergeant Serge, omncedayo aphume equleni ukuze uBrick afezekise umsebenzi wakhe. I-America igxile kwimfazwe yamakhaya emnyama. Uhlaselo lwangoSeptemba XNUMX aluzange lwenzeke, kananjalo nemfazwe yase-Iraq.

Isitena asiqondi nto. Kodwa ufunda ukuba injongo yakhe kukubulala uBlake, okanye uBlock, okanye uMnyama, indoda engakwaziyo ukulala, kwaye uthixo, uyila ebusuku loo mfazwe ingaze iphele ukuba akazukufa. Nangona igama lakhe linguBlake okanye iBlock okanye uMnyama, kodwa ngu-Agasti Brill, kwaye ungumgxeki wezoncwadi oye wafumana ingozi, uyachacha kwindlu yentombi yakhe eVermont, kwaye akanawo amandla kaThixo angenasiphelo okusungula okungapheliyo zehlabathi, kodwa angasixelela intsomi eyoyikekayo neyinyani yemihla yethu.

Ilizwe elihlanjwe ligazi

Sonke sifuna ukubhala ibali lobomi bethu. Kodwa nguPaul Auster kuphela onokuyikhapha ngemifanekiso echanekileyo ekwaziyo ukubuyisela ezo ntsuku zinxulumene kwaye ekugqibeleni zimelwe kwimizuzu. U-Auster unebali lakhe eligcwele igazi eligocagoca ngokuthe ngqo kwiingcambu zolona ngquzulwano lukrakra e-United States lunikelwe kwizixhobo njengesixhobo sokukhusela ilizwe lakowabo kunye nosapho lwakhe...

UPaul Auster, njengenkoliso yabantwana baseMerika, wakhula edlala ngemipu yokudlala yaye exelisa abafana baseNtshona. Kodwa wafunda nokuba iintsapho zinokwahlulwa lugonyamelo: umakhulu wakhe wadubula waza wabulala utatomkhulu wakhe xa uyise wayeneminyaka emithandathu kuphela ubudala, nto leyo eyachaphazela ubomi bentsapho iphela kangangamashumi eminyaka.

Akukho mcimbi wahlula abantu baseMelika ngaphezu kweengxoxo zemipu, kwaye yonke imihla bangaphezulu kwe-XNUMX abantu ababulawa yimipu. La manani akude kakhulu kwinto eyenzekayo kwamanye amazwe kangangokuba umntu unokuzibuza ukuba kutheni. U-Auster ubhala athi: “Kutheni iUnited States yahluke kangaka, yaye yintoni esenza sibe lelona lizwe linogonyamelo kumazwe aseNtshona?

Ubuchule bokubalisa kukaPaul Auster budibana neefoto zikaSpencer Ostrander kwincwadi exuba ibhayografi, iimbali zembali, kunye nohlalutyo oluchanekileyo lwedatha. Ilizwe elihlanjwe ligazi isusela kwimvelaphi yaseUnited States, ephawulwa lungquzulwano oluxhobileyo oluchasene nabemi bomthonyama kunye nokukhotyokiswa kwezigidi zabantu, ukusa ekudutyulweni kwenyambalala okulawula iindaba, kwisangqa esikhohlakeleyo esondla ngokwaso.

4 3 2 1

Kule nto ncwadi, Umbhali okrelekrele ubonakalisa ubuchule bakhe obungafaniyo nobo buzele yimifuziselo yemihla ngemihla, okwaziyo ukuphakamisa indlela yokuyisa esihogweni umzuzu olandelayo. Ngokoluvo lwam ungumbhali owahlukileyo, mhlawumbi hayi oqhelekileyo, kodwa ukuba uyakwazi ukungena kubude bakhe, uyonwabele into encinci.

Ingxelo yokuvelisa ngabalinganiswa bakhe yinto esele ibonwe kweminye yemisebenzi yakhe yangaphambili, nangona indlela kwesi sihlandlo ikude kakhulu. Kule meko, ukuza kobutyebi beminyaka obuhlala busetyenziselwa ukukhokela kwindaleko yesimo somlinganiswa yahlulwe kwiinqwelomoya ezahlukeneyo, nazo zonke ezo zinto zinokubakho xa izigqibo ezibalulekileyo zinokunika. Andinabuganga bokuthi le imalunga nefantasy, i-Auster ibe ngumbhali oqinisekileyo we-100%. Kodwa ewe, ubuncinci, ihamba kwilizwe eliqikelelayo malunga nobukho, ezinye iindlela, ikamva kunye nayo yonke into egqiba ukubumba okwangoku okanye esinye isipho esicinga ukuba besinokusichukumisa.

Ibali liqala ukusuka eNewark, eNew Jersey, eso sithunzi seManhattan esineemitha ezi-8 kude kubonakala ngathi sisenzonzobila. Ukusuka apho ikhoyo U-Archibald Isaac Ferguson, ophambili wenoveli, umlinganiswa onethamsanqa owazalwa ngo-Matshi 3, 1947 kwaye uneenqwelomoya ezi-4 zokuphucula ubomi bakhe. Izinketho zanda njengoko u-Archibald ekhula, kwaye luthando kuphela luka-Amy Scheniderman oluphindaphindiweyo kuwo onke amanqanaba, nangona phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo.

Nangona kunjalo, akukho nkwenkwana evela kwiFerguson 1, okanye 2 okanye 3 okanye 4 abanokubalekela kwisiphumo esifanayo sebali lakhe, kwaye umfundi uyayazi ngokupheleleyo loo nto njengoko kufundwa.

Ibali lokuba ukhulule umnqwazi wakho, ngenxa yokuqhuba ngobuchule kunye nolo hlobo lokutshintsha kwendawo apho kudlula khona umlinganiswa omnye, eyahlukileyo kumzuzu ngamnye omtsha. UPaul Auster ngumbhali okwaziyo ukubonisa amabali akhe kuthi njengethiyetha apho ubomi babalinganiswa bakhe budlula khona, inqanaba esinokuphakama silidlulise xa sifunda kwaye sifunda.

Ubomi bangaphakathi bukaMartin Frost

Indlu yopapasho yePlaneta isungulwe, ngokusebenzisa ileyibhile yeNcwadi yayo, enye yezo ncwadi kwabo bafuna ukusondela kwilizwe lombhali okanye kwabo baphupha ngokuba nako ukuzinikela ekubhaleni ngobungcali. Imalunga ne Ubomi bangaphakathi bukaMartin Frost. Mna ndikhetha incwadi ye Stephen King, Ngelixa ndibhalayo, umsebenzi phakathi kwe-didactic kunye ne-autobiographical.

Kodwa andizimisele ukuphazamisa kule noveli ngo UPaul austerBahluke nje kwaphela kuloo ndlela yokufika kwihlabathi lomntu obalisa ibali.  Ubomi bangaphakathi bukaMartin Frost Yapapashwa eSpain kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo, ixesha elingaphezulu kwelaneleyo lokuba umbhali wemveli abhale malunga nenyaniso yokubhala, ephila ngokubhala kwaye esinda ukuze abalise ngayo.

Kwaye xa umbhali enokuzinikela ekuhlaleni engakhathali ebalisa ngehlabathi awayephila kulo, kuye kuvele ukuba eyona nto ifunekayo kukuphengulula indlela yokucinga yombhali, kwindlela yakhe yokulibona ihlabathi njengento nje engenamsebenzi. izinto ezingaqhelekanga., ze-anecdotes, ukungaqondi kunye nokucaciswa kwequbuliso, okwabanye abagciniweyo abahleka usulungekileyo lombhali. Ukuba ngumbhali akusoloko kumnandi njengoko kubonakala ... Incwadi eyenziwe kwi-movie, xa ukhetha inguqulo yesixhenxe yobugcisa, elawulwa nguPaul Auster ngokwakhe:

UMartin Frost uchithe iminyaka embalwa edlulileyo ebhala inoveli kwaye ufuna ikhefu. Abahlobo bakhe uJack kunye no-Anne Restau bathathe uhambo kwaye bamnika indlu yabo yelizwe. Kodwa phakathi cwaka umbono uqala ukujikeleza entloko kwaye uMartin uqala ukubhala. Ayizukuba libali elide kwaye uzakuhlala nabahlobo bakhe kude kugqitywe. Uvuka ngengomso kwintombazana enesiqingatha ebhedini yakhe ethi igama lakhe nguClaire, ongumtshana ka-Anne, uyaxolisa kwaye ekugqibeleni wamkelwe nguMartin.

Kodwa ibali alibhalayo kunye nomnqweno kaClaire ukhula ngaxeshanye. Kwaye xa ukubhalwa kwebali kufikelela esiphelweni, uClaire ongaqondakaliyo nowenyama - iRestau ayinabo abatshana - iqala ukugula ... Ubomi bangaphakathi bukaMartin Frost bunembali enzima. Ekuqaleni yayisikripthi semizuzu engamashumi amathathu.

Iprojekthi yaqhutywa. Emva koko yaba yenye yeefilimu zokugqibela zikaHector Mann, ophambili kwincwadi ethi The Illusions. Kwaye ngoku siskripthi somdlalo bhanyabhanya obhalwe nguPaul Auster kwaye waqondisa. «Abalinganiswa bakhe bangabaphandi abangenasiphelo kwaye xa bengahambi kwihlabathi, baqala uhambo lwangaphakathi. Kodwa rhoqo i-odyssey, enkulu okanye engabalulekanga, isembindini womsebenzi wakhe ”(Garan Holcombe, California Literary Review).