Ngendlela intatheli yemfazwe isebenza ngolo hlobo ubomi bonke. Ukuba akunjalo, buza UArturo Pérez Reverte okanye ungumnikazi Ukukhawuleza kukaMax. Ayikuko ukuba aba babhali babini babalaseleyo bashiywe benombono ongento weeyadi eziliwaka, njengoko kwakuqhele ukwenzeka kumajoni ngakumbi kwi-vanguard. Kodwa le ntelekelelo ifanele izaliswe ziinkumbulo ezilusizi ezingapheliyo zentshabalalo nentiyo. Kwaye ubuncinci ukuya kuthi ga kwi-Reverte, ukukhuthaza kwakhe imfazwe eYugoslavia rhoqo njengesipili esilusizi apho unokuthelekisa, ukhuphele okanye ukhumbule nje ...
Kodwa kunokuthiwa uPérez Reverte wazikhupha ngale ncwadi incinci «Indawo yaseComanche"Kwaye ke wayesele egxile kumsebenzi onzima wokufunda. UMax Hastings kwelakhe icala uyaqhubeka nanamhlanje ngengxoxo efana nemfazwe, esazimisele ukuyityhila yonke imbali enokuba negalelo kwiingxabano esele zoyisiwe. Mhlawumbi kusemoyeni wemfundo eyimfuneko engenziwanga ngokupheleleyo.
Kwaye ewe, sele eligqala kungekuphela nje leemfazwe kodwa nobomi, ilizwi lakhe limi njengelinye lawona agunyazisiweyo ukujongana nemiba yemfazwe engekho kude kangako kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Kwaye ke sikhumbula amaxesha apho ukuphambana kwatyhutyha ihlabathi de kwayilwa imfazwe ebandayo engaqhelekanga ebonakala ihleli kude kube namhlanje. Akukho nto ingcono kuneHastings yokuqonda umhlaba oshiywe ngasemva ziintsimbi zenkulungwane ephelileyo.
Iincwadi ezi-3 eziPhakamileyo eziCetyisiweyo nguMax Hastings
U-Overlord: Usuku lwe-D kunye nedabi laseNormandy
Oko, ngokumangalisayo, isihogo yayilunxweme, sonke sayiva. Kungenxa yokuba iNormandy isenokungabi nalolona nxweme lufanelekileyo lokugcakamela ilanga, kungakhathaliseki ukuba lalingakanani na ihlobo lasekuqaleni lowe-1944. Kwaye amakhulu amadoda aphela apho kuhlobo lokulalela olucwangcisiweyo kwaye luthathwa njengento engenakuthintelwa ekugqibeleni ukujongana neNazi macala onke.
Ukuhlaliswa kwe-6 kaJuni ngo-1944, ngo-D-Day, kwaphawula ukuqala kwe-Operation Overlord, idabi lokuqala lokukhululwa kweFransi. UMax Hastings, omnye wababhali-mbali abaphambili nabadumileyo ngelo xesha, imibuzo kwaye echitha iintsomi ezininzi kolu phononongo lubalaseleyo oludibanisa iingxelo zabantu abazibonela ngawakhe amehlo nabasindileyo kumacala omabini, kunye nentaphane yemithombo namaxwebhu angazange ahlolwe ngaphambili. .
Overlord inika umfundi imbono eqaqambileyo nenempikiswano kwidabi elitshabalalisayo laseNormandy kwaye usishiyela owona mbhalo uqukayo nonconywayo kwimisitho. Ireferensi yembali yembali ngokupheleleyo.
Imfazwe yaseVietnam. Intlekele enkulu
Ukusuka Forrest Gump ebaleka ngaphambili ngembumbulu kwiesile kunye nomhlobo wakhe uBubba ukuya amadoda akhe kwiApocalypse ebuhlungu Ngoku okanye ekrwada kwaye nokuba yinkohliso (njengemfazwe ngokwayo) Ibhatyi yeMetallic. Le yeminye yemizekelo yeefilimu apho amaMerika ankcenkceshela ingqikelelo yehlabathi ngezo ntsuku zingaqhelekanga nazo zaziwa, kuncinci, njengeMfazwe yesiBini ye-Indochina. UHastings wenza umthambo wokulinganisa ukufumana amazwi avela macala onke.
IVietnam yayiyeyona ngxabano yanamhlanje yahlulahlula kwihlabathi laseNtshona. UMax Hastings uchithe iminyaka emithathu edlulileyo esenza udliwano-ndlebe nabantu abaninzi abavela macala onke, ephanda amaxwebhu aseMelika kunye neVietnamese kunye neememori ukwenza ibali elibalulekileyo lomzabalazo. Ibonisa imiboniso evela kwi-Dien Bien Phu, uhlaselo lwasemoyeni lwaseVietnam lwaseNyakatho, kunye namadabi angaziwa kangako afana nokuphalazwa kwegazi eDaido. Nazi iimeko zokwenyani zomlo owawuphakathi kwamahlathi namasimi erayisi owabulala abantu abazizigidi ezibini.
Abaninzi baye baphatha le mfazwe njengentlekele e-United States, kodwa uHastings akayilibali iVietnamese: kulo msebenzi kukho ubungqina obuvela kuma-guerrillas aseVietcong, ama-paratroopers avela eMzantsi, amantombazana angama-hostess aseSaigon kunye nabafundi baseHanoi, kunye namajoni aseHanoi. .Amajoni ahamba ngeenyawo aseMzantsi Dakota, iinqanawa zaseMntla Carolina, nabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya baseArkansas. Awukho omnye umsebenzi kwiMfazwe yaseVietnam oxube ingxelo yezopolitiko neyomkhosi yongquzulwano kunye namava abuhlungu obuqu - abafundi beMax Hastings bazazi kakuhle.
Imfazwe yaseMfihlo: Iintlola, iiKhowudi, kunye namaGuerrilla, ngo-1939-1945
Ngaphambili, ii-vicissitudes ze-intelligence yezempi zihlala zinomdla kakhulu. Ubuntlola, olo hlobo lokudlala intlonti embindini womlo lwajika lwaba zizithonga ezingabizi mali zibonwe mntu, nditsho nosompempe wezizwe ngezizwe. Nje ukuba umthetho wenziwe, umgibe wenziwa, ngakumbi kwimfazwe apho siza kuzisa ngokuphandle okona kubi kuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba umbandela omnye okanye ezinye izinto ezikhuthazayo zenziwa njani kamva ...
Imalunga nokujongana nelinye icala leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi. Kwaye asikuko ukuba sifumana ubuso obunobubele apha… Injongo kaHastings kukusinika umbono wehlabathi jikelele wokuba yayinjani le mfazwe iyimfihlo kumacala omabini apho “amakhulu amawaka abantu abeka ubomi bawo esichengeni, kwaye abaninzi baphulukana nawo. " Incwadi yakhe isinika umbono onomdla wabalinganiswa, ukusuka kumagama aziwayo - anje ngoSorge, Canaris, Philby okanye uCicero - ukuya kwabo bangaziwayo njengo "Agent Max", owaba negalelo ekoyisweni kweJamani eStalingrad, okanye loo ntlola, ngaphandle kokwazi, yayiyi-Oshima yaseJapan.
Kunye nabo izazinzulu eziqhekeze iikhowudi, amalungu "amaqela emisebenzi ekhethekileyo" - njengeBritish SOE okanye i-OSS yaseMelika, apho basuka kumdlali waseHollywood, njengoSterling Hayden, kwipolitiki efana no-Allen Dulles. - kunye neYugoslavia okanye i-guerrillas yaseRashiya. Iiprotagonist zamakhulu amabali asixelela uHastings ngozipho lwakhe olubalisayo.
