Kugona kwechidzidzo kunogona kuita kuti munyori akanaka ave akasarudzika. Uye ndizvo zvazviri Don Juan Eslava Galan, munyori ane mukurumbira, mukurumbira mukurumbira uye munyori wenhema, kana achitamba, panguva dzakasiyana munhoroondo. Kuti pamusoro pekuve munyori, iye philologist uye doctorate munhoroondo anopedzisira ave kushongedza kosi iyo inopesana zvakanyanya mumatanho epashure uye zvinyorwa mune icho chinangwa chekusvika nhoroondo uye, chii chakanyanya kukosha mumaonero angu, iyo intrahistories izvo zvinoumba izvo zvemagariro chokwadi chenguva yega yega.
Iyo Middle Ages inowanzo inguva iyo iyo munyori anokura. Mazhinji ezvekufungidzira kwake kukuru anoenda kumagumo enguva yerima iyoyo sezvazvinodiwa mukushanduka kwehupenyu hwedu.
Huru zvishamiso kuburitsa kana kunakidza marongero ayo anopfuura pakati pezvokwadi zvinovimbika, inonakidza nzira yekudzidza nezve zvakapfuura uye kunakidzwa neiyo nzvimbo yakasanganiswa pakati peizvo zvayaive uye zvinonaka kutenderera ...
Epamusoro 3 zvinyorwa naJuan Eslava Galán
Mukutsvaga iyo unicorn
Kudzoka muna 1987, munyori anga atova mukukura kuzere, asi zvakadaro asingazivikanwe kuruzhinji rwevanhu, akazozivikanwa neano newinohwina mubairo wePlaneta.
Kwandiri iko kuseka, kuseka mune yakakosha kiyi nezve mavara ayo akashongedzwa mavara ekare, kunyanya madzimambo kana machinda. Akapihwa hunhu husingaenzaniswi hwehunhu, Juan anosanganisa murungano ino mutauro wenguva iyoyo, segadziriro yakakosha, iine mazwi mazhinji echizvino-zvino, kuti nyaya inyatso teverwa zvakakwana. Kuseka, adventures uye yakakosha kumashure kune iyo ruzivo rwekare.
Pfupiso: Iyo novel, yakagadzwa pakupera kwezana ramakore rechigumi nemashanu, inotaura nyaya yemunhu wekunyepedzera uyo anotumwa kunotsvaga runyanga rweunicorn, iyo inofanirwa kuwedzera hunyanzvi hwaMambo Henry IV weCastile, anonzi Asina simba.
Mune zano, ane hunyanzvi uye anonakidza kwazvo, mukati mekutendeseka kwakanyanya kune mamiriro enhoroondo, zviitiko zvinonyanya kufarira uye zvisingatarisirwi zvinoitika, nguva dzose zvine hunhu uye nhetembo kumashure izvo zvinopa simba uye runako rwengano kunyaya.
Munyori awana dhizaini iri bharanzi inoshamisa pakati penyaya yekureruka uye kugona uye kunhuhwirira kwechinyakare kwaidiwa nedingindira. Muchidimbu, inonaka inonakidza yekufungidzira inova iyo inonakidza, inosetsa uye inoshamisa inogarisana.
señorita
Pamusuwo weChipiri Hondo Yenyika, uye neSpain Civil War ichiitika pamberi pegandanga risingaperi, munyori anotipa zano reuspionage pane izvo zvinogona kunzwisiswa nekupokana kweSpanish pakuputika kweEurope kuri pedyo. Iwo akanyanya epamoyo mabara anopedzisira aperekedza enesi yeuspionage, iine hunhu hwayo hwakaomarara, mune yerudo nyaya ...
Pfupiso: Munyika ine njodzi yeuspionage, vese protagonists vamiririri veimwe nhema. Pakati pemakore Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri isati yasvika, mukadzi wechidiki weAndalusia, Prussian aristocrat, murimi weRussia uye shangu yeSevillian vanovhenekera kuronga kwavo zvido zvekutsiva, kuda kana hugamba.
Mukutyisa kwehondo yevagari vomuSpain, simba rakavanzika chete ndiro richakwanisa kukanganisa kurangana kwekunyengera: rudo. Hondo yevagari veSpain yakatendera dzimwe nyika kuyedza zvirongwa zvavo zvekukunda uye kuyedza kushanda kwezvombo zvavo zvemauto. Mutongi anodzvinyirira weAustro-Germany Adolf Hitler, uyo anga atoronga zano rake rekudzora Europe, akatumira kuSpain chombo chake chakavanzika kwazvo: iyo Stuka, ndege yekudonha bhomba.
Soviet Secret Service, inofarira kugona kunouraya kwemidziyo inozivikanwa, inoraira musikana wechiSpanish kuti anyengere Captain Rudolf von Balke, mukuru webasa uye nhengo yevaPrussia vehumambo.
Panguva imwecheteyo, akatumira kuSpain mutyairi wendege Yuri Antonov, shamwari yekare yaVon Balke, uyo aigamuchira rutsigiro rwemurairo wakanaka wevamiriri veSpain. Makore gare gare, akaomeswa nenjodzi dzisingaverengeke dzehondo, Carmen, mukadzi akashinga wechiSpanish, anotsvaga pakati pematongo ehondo yapashure pehondo yeBerlin kutsvaga kwemurume uyo, kunyangwe zvese, waaida.
Zvino zvinotanga zvisingatarisirwe uye zvinonakidza mhedzisiro yenyaya isinganzwisisike, ine chakavanzika chichaita kuti titore chikamu mune manzwiro uye kushaya hope kweva protagonists vayo.
Kuuraya kunoshamisa mumba meCervantes
Iyo Spanish Golden Age yaivewo nemugove wayo we tinsel. Uye pamwe muSpain iyoyo yakafashukira nevanotora mukana, vachiri kuzvipira nemoyo wese kukudzwa kwavo kwakadyiwa nekutongwa mukubatana neyakaomarara tsika dzechechi uye ma regent ari pabasa, tinogona kuwana ratidziro yakajeka yezvatakapedzisira tave. Iwo ekunyepedzera neCervantes seyeredzi nyeredzi ingangodaro yatove chinyorwa chinyorwa icho chaakange apawo nhoroondo yakanaka munguva pfupi yapfuura Álvaro Espinosa.
Pfupiso: Miguel de Cervantes nehanzvadzi dzake, vanozivikanwa saVaCervantas, vakasungwa nekuda kwekuita kwavo kuponda kwaGaspar de Ezpeleta, akawanikwa akafa kunze kweimba yemunyori we The Quixote.
MaDuchess eArjona, anoyemura zvikuru Cervantes, anoda kuti matikitivha evadiki veDorotea de Osuna vadzivirire shamwari yake yaanoda. Isu saka tinoona Spain yeiyo Golden Age, yakaparadzwa nehondo uye nemigwagwa yayo izere nemakororo, zvirema nematsotsi. Panorama matinozoona mamirire echikadzi anopandukira chinhanho chechipiri icho chaakafanira kugara munzanga.
Mamwe mabhuku naJuan Eslava Galán ...
Kukundwa kweAmerica kwakaudzwa kune vasina chokwadi
Kune avo vanobvunza kunyangwe izwi rekuti "Kuwanikwa" kweAmerica, vachiti hapana chakawanikwa nekuti paitove neaigara ipapo. Mukudaro, iko kupokana kunopokana nesemantic iyo inomutsa kune nhema nhema inofamba pamusoro peavo vakauya kuNyika Idzva kubva kuEurope yekare. Chinhu chakakwana chingadai chakave, kune ava vaverengi veNhoroondo, kuti Nyika yakanga yadzokera kune yayo yekutanga Pangea kuitira kuti mubatanidzwa pakati pevanhu kumativi ese eAtlantic waizoitika zvakasikwa.
Asi nhoroondo haienderane nezvishuvo zvevasina ruzivo zvevazhinji vazvino "vanofunga vakasununguka." Uye Kukunda kwaive kurovedzwa kwechido chekudaidzira icho Juan Eslava Galan inobata nekutsvagirazve mune yayo chaiyo yakatendeseka uye chaiyo chaiyo, iine kubata kwerudo iyo inomhanyisa kuverenga kweiyo isina chokwadi chokwadi.
Zvekuti Spanish Crown yakatsvaga kuwedzera humambo hwayo haina mubvunzo. Kuti nzira yavo yekoloni yakatsvaga kubatanidzwa pane kutonga, kuzviisa pasi, kana kutoparadza, zvinonyatsooneka mukuchengetedzwa kwevanhu vemo (zvakapesana zvakajeka nekukunda kweWest yeUnited States, pasina kuenda kumberi). Iko kushungurudzwa kwaizoitika zvine musoro mukati medzidziso dzakamisikidzwa, hazvirambike. Pfungwa yenhema yehukuru hweavo vakauya kuNyika Idzva yaizotungamira kune madima episheni ane hukama nehunhu hwevanhu. Izvi zvinoenderana izvo zvinopesana nemvumo yeumambo hazvigone kurambwa.
Iyo poindi ndeyekuti, kuwanikwa uye kuwedzera kwakaenderera kwemakore mazhinji. Uye vatsva vakafumura vakapinda munzira dzakasvibira kubva kuchitsuwa cheSan Salvador kusvika pakadzika kupfuura Gungwa reCaribbean kana Gulf yeMexico. Ndipo Eslava Galán paanosvitsa hupenyu ihwohwo hunopa iyo yekudanana, kubva kune inonaka nhaurirano uye kupindira nguva dzose mukutyisa kufamba kunoenderana nezviitiko chaizvo.
Makoronike evaIndia, mukukanganisa kwavo kukuru, anopa kutsigirwa kwebhuku iri, pakati pekuti shanduko dzemarejistri kupesana uye zvipuka zvinofungidzirwa, nzvimbo dzisina chinhu dzinokoka kufunga kwekuzviisa pasi uye, wadii, kuvandudza nekudyidzana kwevanopokana chaiko nevamwe yakagadzirwa nemunyori kupedzisa ichizadzisa zvaive uye zvinoenderana zvakakwana neicho chaichoicho chazvino cheAmerica chakambokundwa uye nhasi chaicho chakagarwa mukambasi yakakwana pakati peasori uye kusanzwisisika.
Muedzo weCaudillo
Zigzagging pakati penyaya huru nhoroondo uye nemabasa ekudzidzisa, Juan Eslava Galan inogara ichimutsa kufarira kukuru pakati pevaverengi, kufarira kwemunyori kwakaomeswa mubhaibheri kunyatsojeka.
Pane ino nguva, Eslava Galán anotiunza padhuze nemufananidzo unozivikanwa. Izvo zvevadzvanyiriri vaviri vaifamba nemapuratifomu eHendaye vakananga kumusangano uyo wakazongobereka zvibereko muzvibvumirano zvakaipa. Asi izvo zvinogona kunge zvaireva shanduko isinga pfuuri munzvimbo yeSpain muPiri Hondo Yenyika.
Nedzimwe fananidzo kune basa Filek, naMartínez de Pisón, Eslava Galán akaganhurana pane uchronic, iyo inogona kutorwa kubva kune imwe nhoroondo nhoroondo dai zvinhu zvisina kuitika chaizvo sezvavakaita ...
"Kapeti tsvuku yakatambanudzwa pamwe nepuratifomu yakareba zvakakwana, asi yakamanikana kuti Hitler naFranco vafambe nepakati."
Ndi 1940. Achifungidzira kuzvipira kwekutanga kwevatsigiri, Franco anoedzwa kuti apinde muHondo Yenyika Yechipiri padivi peiyo Berlin-Roma axis. Kuona zvingave zvako
mukana, iye anopa rubatsiro rwake kuMufudzi, uyo asingazeze kuzvidza kupihwa.
Mwedzi yakati gare gare, apo makwikwi akachinjika munzira yakatosiyana, Hitler anotanga kuyera zvakanakira mubatanidzwa neSpain, asi panguva iyoyo zvanyanyisa. Asingakwanise kupa Franco zvese zvaakakumbira, anofanirwa kufunga kuti, panguva ino, Caudillo anozeza kupinda mukukonana.
Musangano weHendaye, pamusoro payo nzizi dzeingi dzakatomboyerera, inoramba ichitinakidza isu nekuda kwezvese zvirevo zvaigona kuve nemhedzisiro. Nekugona kwake kwese, uye padhuze kupfuura nakare nhoroondo yekunyepedzera, Juan Eslava Galán anotiita zvapupu zvechiitiko chingaratidza nhoroondo yeSpain kana, kana zvirinani, kuitora neimwe nzira yakasarudzika.
