Zvakadini Nabokov Yakanga yatoshambadzwa senge kudanana kwakanaka nemabhuku akapihwa kureruka nemutauro. Chirungu, French neRussia yaive mitauro yaaigona kufamba nayo zvakavimbika zvakafanana. Ehezve, kuuya kubva pakuberekwa kwakanaka zviri nyore kudzidza mitauro yakasiyana ... Asi chiuya, vamwe vane rurimi rwaamai vanoshumirwa ...
Basa raNabokov rorondedzero zvakare iri mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinogona kutangira padivi rinodarika uye rine nharo kusvika kune rakanyatsojeka rezvikumbiro. Kugona kana chingangoita hunyanzvi hwekunyora, panotsvakwa manzwiro akasimba, kukanganisa kwechifananidzo, kunakidzwa kwemutauro kunge tambo inoendesa kune rumwe rudzi rwekunyorwa.
Ndokusaka Nabokov asina kumbosiya asina hanya. Kunyangwe zvishoma kufunga nezvekugadzirwa kwake kwekunyora pakati pezana ramakumi maviri emakore kuchinyudzwa, kune hukuru, mune isingazungunuke tsika dzakanaka. Zvirinani mumakosi epamusoro ayo anga achiri kuda kucheka zvese zvemagariro maitiro.
Mukudzidzisa kwake, Nabokov anofanira kunge aive iye mudzidzisi asina ruremekedzo, souya ari mufirimu Iyo Kirabhu yevakafa Vanyanduri. Uye sekutaura kwake nzira yake yekuona zvinyorwa mumakirasi kana misangano, akapedzisira avaka nekunyora imwe neimwe yenoveli dzake.
Saka rwendo pakati pemapeji akanyorwa naNabokov runogona kuve rwakanyanya kana kushoma ruzivo. Asi kusava nehanya hakuzombove yekupedzisira katsamba iwe yaunogona kutora.
3 Yakakurudzira Novel NaVladimir Nabokov
Lolita
Kutora chapupu kubva kuMarquis de Sade iye, Nabokov akapa ino novel iyo yaigona kukanganisa nekushamisa vese. Kukanganisa uye kuchena zvinogona kugarisana mumavara akafanana? Mutambo wekupokana kwemunhu inyaya yakakwana kune chero munyori anotsunga kutaura nyaya isinga tsanangurike mune chero chinhu.
Nabokov akazvishingisa, akabvisa chifukidzo chake, akave asingadzivirirwe uye akapa rusununguko kumanzwiro akapararira uye manzwiro pamusoro wenyaya huru yerudo ... Zvichida nhasi ino nganonyorwa inogona kuverengerwa zvakasununguka, asi muna 1955 yaive tsika yekugwinha.
Pfupiso: Nyaya yekufungidzirwa kwaHumbert Humbert, mudzidzisi ane makore makumi mana, naLolita ane makore gumi nemaviri ibhuku rerudo rinoshamisa umo zvinhu zviviri zvinoputika zvinopindira: kukwezva "kwakatsauka" kwenymphs uye makunakuna.Mufambiro kuburikidza nekupenga uye kufa, uko kunoguma nemhirizhonga yakanyanya, inorondedzerwa, panguva imwechete nekuzvinyengera uye nerunyoro rusingadzorwi, naHumbert Humbert pachake. Lolita zvakare iri acid uye yekuona mufananidziro weAmerica, maguta anotyisa, uye mapurasitiki uye motel tsika.
Muchidimbu, kuratidzwa kunopenya kwetarenda uye kuseka nemunyori uyo akareurura kuti angadai akada kutora foto pic-nics Lewis Carroll.
Pale moto
Iine chimiro chisingataurike, ino nhoroondo inotiswededza padanho rekugadzira zvinyorwa, zvinonakidza kupfuura pachirevo, zvakanyanya mukukwanisa kuwana mifananidzo kupfuura mukugadziriswa kwenyaya yerondedzero. Iyo isinganzwisisike uye inosetsa nganonyorwa, kukokwa kune kugona kwekugadzira kwatinogona kuratidza tese, kana tikazviisa pachiri.
Summary: Pale moto inounzwa seyekupedzisira kushandurwa kwedetembo refu rakanyorwa naJohn Shade, kubwinya kwetsamba dzeAmerica, nguva pfupi asati aurayiwa. Chokwadi, inoverengeka ine nhetembo yataurwa pamusoro apa, pamwe nesumo, bhuku rakakura kwazvo remanotsi uye indekisi yemupepeti, Muzvinafundo Charles Kinbote Asati afa, uye nehumambo hweZembla hwaive kure, hwaaifanira kusiya zvakadaro nekuchimbidza, Kinbote anoteedzera inonakidza yekuzvifananidza, maanopedzisira azvipa semunhu asingashiviriri uye anozvitutumadza, akasimba uye akashata, munhu wechokwadi uye ane njodzi nati.
Mupfungwa iyi, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti Pálido fuego zvakare inoverengeka yekufungidzira, umo muverengi anokokwa kutora chinzvimbo chemutikitivha.
pnin
Purofesa Pnin angangove paradigm yekukundwa uye kuneta kwemurume nemaune, wemurume akatangwa muhunyanzvi hwekudzidzisa, kusvika apedza kupedzwa nehunihilism uye nekusuwa inertia hapana chekuita. kuremerwa kwechokwadi, kweiyo nyika iyo isingachatenderera pasi petsoka dzaPnin, inomushungurudza nekutsunga kuzviratidza kusingasvikike kwaari.
Vavengi vanonyanya kuvava vePnin isingataurike uye isingafadzi ndiwo mashandisiro emazuva ano: mota, zvishandiso nemimwe michina izvo, zvirinani kwaari, zvisingaite kuti hupenyu huve nyore kwaari. Uye zvakare zvidiki zvidiki uye kusarongeka kweavo vaaishanda navo, chikwata chevadiki vadiki vadzidzisi vanoisa kushivirira kwake kusingaperi muyedzo. Kana varapi vezvepfungwa avo aimbova mudzimai anofamba, mukadzi asina kumbomuda asi waanoramba asingachinjiki uye achibata murudo.Saka pakupedzisira, Pnin akasekwa anobuda semunhu anenge ane hushingi, munhu akabudirira ari pakati pekusagadzikana kwemaindasitiri, iye chete anoramba aine chiremera chevanhu.
Pano Nabokov anogadza nyika kuti iye, semutami, aifanira kutambura, uye kashoma kuti aonekwe akasununguka, achifara mukuita kwekunyora, achikwanisa kuendesa mufaro uyu, kunyangwe achidemba, zvakamupa zvakapusa chokwadi chekuve mupenyu.
Mamwe mabhuku anonakidza naNabokov…
Kukokwa kudimburwa
Kupusa kwehupenyu, kwakawanikwa kunyanya mune dzimwe nguva apo keteni rave kuda kudonha. Cincinnatus, murume ane mhosva, akatarisana neicho chaicho chehupenyu hwaakavaka, vatambi vakamuperekedza vari kuswedera padyo naye munguva idzodzo dzekupedzisira. Iyi nhoroondo inondiyeuchidza nezveTruman Show, chete nemaonero akachinja. Mune ino kesi, ndiCincinnatus chete ndiye anofumura nhema dzenyika, nepo avo vakamukomberedza vachiramba vachitamba basa ravo ...
Pfupiso: Cincinnatus C. musungwa wechidiki akatongerwa rufu nekuda kwemhosva isingataurike uye isingazivikanwe yaachatemwa musoro. Mukati mechitokisi chake chidiki, Cincinnatus anomirira nguva yekuurayiwa kwake sekunge kwainge kuri kupera kwehusiku hunotyisa.
Kushanya kunogara kuripo kwemuchengeti wake wetirongo, director wejeri, mwanasikana wake, muvakidzani wake muchitokisi, mukadzi wechidiki kubva kuCincinnatus nemhuri yake isina musoro zvinongowedzera kunzwa kwemurwi wekushushikana uye kusabatsira, vanoona kuti nguva yake yapera sei, sei nguva yemitambo yemitambo ine vatambi vanoita kunge vanoteerera nhungamiro dzakatemwa neane hutsinye uye anotamba demiurge inopera.Pfungwa yeasina musoro, mutambo uye kusanzwisisika kwepasi zvinowana hukuru hukuru muGuest kuenda mukugurwa musoro, inoverengeka inoshungurudza , rakanyorwa muna 1935.
mambo, mukadzi, valet
"Mhuka inopfuta iyi ndiyo inonyanya kufara mumanovhero angu," Nabokov akadaro nezve "Mambo, Mukadzi, Valet," satire umo murume wechidiki asingaoni, wepurovhinzi, anopenga, uye asingaseke anopinda muparadhiso inotonhora yevakaroorana. yeBerliners vachangopfuma.
Mudzimai anonyengedza mutsva uye anomuita mudiwa wake. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, anomukurudzira kuti aedze kubvisa murume wake. Iyi ndiyo nzira inoratidzika yakapfava yemhando yepamusoro, pamwe, yezvinyorwa zvakanyorwa naNabokov. Asi, kuseri kweiyi dzidziso yechokwadi, inoshamisa tekinoroji yakaoma yakavanzwa, uye, pamusoro pezvose, mumwechete kurapa kunotungamirwa nezwi refarce.
Pakutanga yakabudiswa muBerlin mukupera kwemaXNUMX uye yakanyatsogadziridzwa zvakare naNabokov panguva yekushandura kwayo kweChirungu mukupera kwemaXNUMX, "King, Lady, Valet" inoratidza simba rakasimba rekutaura kweGermany, kunyanya firimu , uye ine tsvina chaiyo yevatema. kuseka. Nabokov anokwenya mavara ake, achivashandura kuita otomatiki, anovaseka nekuseka kwedhiyabhorosi, achivabata neshamhu dzakakora dzisingadzivise, zvisinei, kuti vasave neverisimilitude inopa runako rwakasimba kune inoveli yese.
Ziso
Nhau isinganzwisisike yakagara munzvimbo yakajairika yezvinyorwa zvekutanga zveNabokov, nyika yakavharwa yekutama kweRussia mune pre-Hitler Germany. Pakati peiyi yakavhenekerwa uye yekune dzimwe nyika bourgeoisie, Smurov, protagonist wenyaya uye kuzviuraya kwakaora mwoyo, dzimwe nguva musori weBolshevik uye dzimwe nguva gamba rehondo yevagari vemo; rombo rakanaka murudo rimwe zuva uye ngochani inotevera.
Saka, pachinhu chisinganzwisisike chinyorwa (mune zviitiko zviviri zvisingakanganwiki zvinomira pachena, zvakanakisa Nabokovian: iyo yemutengesi wemabhuku Weinstock inokoka mweya yaMohammed, Caesar, Pushkin naLenin, uye nhoroondo yaSmurov inotyisa uye yekufungira kutiza kwake kubva kuRussia), Nabokov. inoumba nganonyorwa inoenda mberi zvakanyanya, nekuti chakavanzika chichaburitswa ndechemunhu anokwanisa kushandura ruvara neruzevha rwakafanana nerwechamhere. Orgy yekuvhiringidzika, kutamba kwekuzivikanwa, kupemberera kuchonya, "Ziso" inoshungurudza uye inonakidza pfupi novhero naNabokov.
