Mabhuku akanakisa aArturo Pérez Reverte

Ino inguva yakanaka nguva yekupa maonero akajeka pane rakakura bhuku rebhaibheri redzidzo yemutauro, unokwanisa kusanganisa mutauro wakanakisa nezviito zvinonakidza kwazvo, nzira huru yekusimudzira mutauro nekuvaraidza zvinoratidzwa mukati mese basa raDon Arturo Pérez Reverte. Pamwe vamwe vanyori vanofanirwa kudzidza ...

Nekuti imwe yeakanyanya kukosha maitiro emunyori ndeye, kwandiri, kuita kwakawanda. Kana munyori achikwanisa kuita mhando dzakasiyana dzezvisikwa, iye anoratidza kugona kwekuzvivandudza, kuda kwekutsvaga mahwindo matsva uye kuzvipira kune hunyanzvi hwekugadzira, pasina imwe mamiriro.

Isu tese tinoziva kuratidzira kweruzhinji kwe Arturo Pérez Reverte kuburikidza neXL Semanal kana pasocial network uye ndoda haambokusiye usina hanya. Pasina mubvunzo, iyi nzira yekusanamatira kune izvo zvakagadzwa inotojekesa tsika yake yekunyora nekuda kwayo chete, sekutengeserana mahara, pasina kukosha kwekutengeserana (kunyangwe pakupedzisira anotengesa mabhuku senge mazhinji).

Kupinda mukujekesa rake rakakura basa rekunyora kunogona kutaridza kwekunyepedzera. Asi ndizvo zvinotora kuti uve muverengi wakasununguka. Ini ndinogona kupindura nekuti hongu, saka ini ndichatsunga kuongorora ese mabhuku aArturo Pérez Reverte, izvo zvinoumba basa refu re, pasina kupokana, mumwe wevanyori vakanyanya veSpanish nhasi.

Kana tikadzokera pakutanga, tinoona kuti iyo mavambo ekutanga naArturo Pérez Reverte Vakanga vatove kutarisira masipo epasipo aakange akatigadzirira. Asi isu tinoenda rimwe nerimwe mukuverengwa kwenguva. Kugamuchirwa kuReverte zvakasikwa, zvirinani maererano nemanovhosi:

Inoshanda naArturo Pérez-Reverte maererano nenguva

Iyo husar

Yake yekutanga ficha, Hussar, yakanangana nezana ramakore regumi nemapfumbamwe. Kunyangwe zano rakapinda munguva inoenderana, pamwe nehondo senge dzakatangira kuhondo yeSpain yeRusununguko, nganonyorwa iyi zvakare ine zvisaririra zvekuratidzira pane chero kukakavara.

Vatambi vari mubhuku rino vanounza mazano uye maonero asina kunaka pahondo, chimwe chinhu chakanyatsokodzera mutori wenhau wehondo anga ari mutsva kunganonyorwa. Hatifaniri kukanganwa makore ake anopfuura 20 senhume inokosha kumakakatanwa akasiyana. Makumi maviri emakore akatsaurirwa kuchinangwa chekurondedzera zvinotyisa zvekurwisana kwakasiyana-siyana pasi rose.

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Fenzi tenzi

Fenzi tenzi yaive bhuku rake rechipiri, rakaburitswa muna 1988. Kuti rive rake rechipiri zita, raitove rakanyanya kutengesa; ichiri kuburitsa nhasi sebasa hombe rechakavanzika uye kuti ini ndinonunura pano mukudzokororazve kwaApril 2017.

Pamusoro pekumiririra Spain pakupera kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX nenzira chaiyo uye yakakosha, rangano rinonakidza rinoita basa iri. Hupenyu hwaDon Jaime, iye tenzi wekutora anotora kosi dzisingafanoonekwe nechitarisiko chemukadzi anonzwisisa uyo anotsvaga kuzvidzidzisa pakuuraya kwake Don Jaime.

Zvakangoitikawo kana kwete, zvakafanana, Don Jaime anova muchengeti wemamwe magwaro emarquis anovimba naye kuchengetedza rumwe ruzivo rwakakosha. Nouwandu hweaya "mawirirwo" maviri ehurongwa hwakakonzerwa ...

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Iyo flanders tafura

Zvekutaura nezvazvo Iyo flanders tafura? Makore maviri mushure mekutyora ne Tenzi wedanda, munyori akadzokorora fomura pamwe nekubudirira kwakawanda kana kupfuura kupfuura mune yakatumidzwa inotangira.

Nguva dzose nekutenderera kwechimiro chakashongedzerwa mumafomu uye zvine hupenyu kumashure, munyori anopinda mune idzva basa rechakavanzika iro ratove pedyo nemipendero pane inonakidza. Art, chess uye nhoroondo, chinonakidza mubatanidzwa kuisa zvirahwe zvekare kuti Julia, mudiki mudzoreri anoedza kududzira.

Iyo inoverengeka mairi iri kukurudzira kuti ifungisise mukushomeka kwechirongwa chayo, ichinzwa senge mutori chikamu mune iwo mwero we erudition neruzivo, uku uchinakidzwa nerwiyo rwusingambopere. Mutinhimira une mutinhimira nehunhu hwawo, unosundidzirwa mukuwanikwa kwezvakaitika zvehukuru hukuru.

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Iyo kirabhu yeDumas

Iyo kirabhu yeDumas Mutero kumunyori mukuru Alexandre Dumas, chirevo chemunyori iye uye zvinopfuura girazi rinogoneka rekuvandudza masitayera, runako, kudzika kwevanyori uye iyo chaiyo yekutengesa mabhuku anowanikwa kuburikidza neanofarira mafundo uye magumo.

Mune ino novel, Arturo Pérez Reverte anopinda munyika yemabhaibheri, kwatinodzidza nezvekukosha kwemavambo, edhisheni dzekutanga kana zvinyorwa zvinogona kuitika zvemabasa makuru naAlexandre Dumas nevamwe vanyori.

Iyo nyaya inosanganisirwa nekubata-kwezana-regumi nemapfumbamwe-bata, nekunhuhwira kwekare bepa nepeni inki. Iyo seti yakazadzwa neesoteric poindi yezvinonakidza enigmas kuburitsa, kunyanya izvo zvine chekuita nebhuku rakaomeswa: Iwo mapfumbamwe masuo ehumambo hwemumvuri.

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Mumvuri wegondo

Mumvuri wegondo Haisi rimwe remabasa anozivikanwa naÁrturo Pérez Reverte, asi kwandiri rinoramba riri bhuku rinonakidza rehondo nezve zviitiko chaizvo zvakaitika panguva yekupinda kweNapoleon nyika dzeRussia: Hondo yeBerézina.

Mumakwikwi aya, vasungwa veSpain vakapinda kudivi reFrance avo, vakapiwa shanduko ine njodzi yekukonana, havana kuzeza kuchinja mativi pavakapenda makirabhu.

Iye munyori anotamba hafu-mwenje pakati pezvazviri uye fungidziro, achiomerera kumhedzisiro uye chokwadi chechokwadi cheicho chisingarambike chokwadi chenhoroondo asi achichinja kukura kwayo kuita nyaya inoratidzira kwete pasina irony mitsara.

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Nzvimbo yeComanche

Nzvimbo yeComanche Zvaireva kuzorora kwakakosha nedingindira remanyepo rakabatwa kusvika panguva iyoyo nemunyori. Mune basa, kutsanangurwa kunofambira mberi kunoonekwa, kunonoka maceration, nekuti mumapeji ayo munyori akazvivhurira pasirese muchimiro chake uye kuita semunyori wehondo. Nekuti basa racho rine mapoinzi engano, kana zvishoma zvekuzviisa pasi, asi rinogara rakanyura muchokwadi. Nzira yekukanganwa sei kuti Arturo Pérez Reverte akavanzwa mumugero pakati pekurwa? Akanga asiri kuzosiya sei chimwe chezviitiko zvake mubasa rakadai?

Kunyora nezve hukasha hwehondo yekurwa hakufanirwe kuve nyore. Mubhuku rino mutauro unosviba dzimwe nguva. Zvinoita sekunge inofumura zvese zvakasiiwa kuti zvitaurwe kupfuura zvakarekodwa kumaterevhizheni epamutemo.

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Drum ganda

Drum ganda Akadzoka kuzotora munyori wenhoroondo Reverte, munyori akasimba asi ane hunyanzvi wekusika, murondedzeri wezvinyorwa uye musiki wezvakavanzika nezvakavanzika zvinonakidza.

Munyori anoverengeka aidzokera kunzvimbo yake yekukudzwa mumabhuku. Uye maererano nehurongwa uye mavara, chokwadi ndechekuti akazviita kuburikidza nemusuwo wepamberi. Kuvakwa kwenyaya iyi kwaizokodzera Ken Follet, cosmos yevatambi nematavi anoshanduka kuita chinonakidza.

Mune ino nganonyorwa munyori akaburitsa kugona kwake, hunyanzvi hwake uye dura rake rakatokura rekugadzira zvinyorwa kuita kuti nhasi nezuro zvienderane. Kubva pakomputa kusvika kuzana regumi nemapfumbamwe, kusanganisa mavara emarudzi ese uye kugara uchichengeta tambo iyo muverengi wese anopedzisira abatwa.

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Tsamba yakatenderera

Arturo Pérez Reverte, dai aive John Smith Westinghouse, angasvika (kana iye asati asvika) padanho revatengesi vepasirose, pakureba kwe leaflet, Bhurawuni o KingChete muchiitiko chekutanga maviri, nekuwedzera kubwinya muchimiro uye yakawanda sediment muzasi.

Zvinoshamisira kuti munyori uyu anokwanisa sei kuwana nharo nyowani dzekudhonza kuti agadzire nyaya nyowani dzine hupenyu senge iyi kubva Tsamba yakatenderera. Kuputsika kwechikepe mumakungwa ehafu yepasi inyaya yekuda kuziva, vanovhima pfuma vachiri kuongorora kudzika kwemakungwa nemakungwa.

Uye ndozvazviri nganonyorwa iyi, iyo yeMediterranean semugadziri anonzwisisika wezvipupuriro zvemahombekombe zvehukuru hwezvakakosha munhoroondo.

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Mambokadzi wekumaodzanyemba

Mambokadzi wekumaodzanyemba inoratidza kufarira kwaReverte mune aya vakadzi "vakasiyana". Munyika ichiri kutsvaga kuenzaniswa kwevarume nevakadzi mumatanho epamusoro ekuraira, kufunga nezvemafiya kana misika mitema uko mukadzi anogona kuve iye anomhanyisa zvese zvinotyisa, kukwidza kukosha kwemukadzi iyeye pamusoro peiye murume chero upi zvake. .

Ngatitii ndiwo maonero kubva pakuverenga kwemaonero seyakaipara mhosva. Asi zvirokwazvo, pasi pechirongwa chakanangana nekubiridzira, kunhuwa kwehuwori, kufa uye kupokana kwemarudzi ese zvinobuda. Teresa Mendoza, mambokadzi chaiye wekumaodzanyemba, angafara kuzvizivisa mune iyi inhema inonakidza nezve hupenyu hwake nebasa.

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Cape Trafalgar

Cape Trafalgar yaArturo Pérez Reverte waive mubairo weMuchinjikwa wekukodzera kugungwa, izvo zvinoratidza kukosha uye kuzivikanwa kwebasa. Nemaonero enhoroondo yake

Tsamba yakatenderera, munyori anga atove nemikwende yakakwana kuti aite imwe huru ngano-themed nyaya. Tiri pakati pehondo yeTrafalgar, ngarava yeSpain Antilles ari kugadzirira kutarisana nehondo yevagari par kugona kwese nhoroondo.

Kuti tipinde muchiitiko cheakaitika kare, Reverte anova nechokwadi chekuti tinonzwira tsitsi zvakakwana kuburikidza nemhando inoshamisa, yakashata kana mutauro wehunyanzvi, asi nguva dzose yakanyanyisa kukodzera kuti tiite kuti tirarame chiitiko chega paganda redu.

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Munyori wehondo

Munyori wehondo inotiratidza nechisimba kubviswa kwehondo muBalkans. Kana zviri zveComanche Territory zviitiko zvakatora kubata kwenhau, mune ino nyaya pfumo rinofamba kuburikidza nenzvimbo yezviitiko, yeiyo hondo yehukama inosanganisira, kunyanya kana ari mutori wemifananidzo uye murwi asi akanyatso tsigirwa kune chero musoja , munhuwo zvake kana akabatwa mukukonana ikoko kana kweumwewo.

Asi kunze kwekudarika, nyaya yacho inounzawo inonakidza pfungwa. Iko kushanya kwaIvo Markovic, mumwe wevatambi vakatorwa mifananidzo neFaulques, inotora nzira dzakashata kuburikidza nerufu rwunofungidzirwa sekutsiva kunozadzwa nendangariro uye nemaakaundi akakamirira.

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Zuva rekutsamwa

Muhondo dzese mune rimwe zuva rinotyisa, kusangana kwegehena umo vanhu vanopinda muropa vasina kufungisisa. Zuva rekutsamwa inotarisa muna Chivabvu 2, 1808 muMadrid. Mhosva yakakurumbira yevaMamelukes iyo Goya akapenda nenzira inotyisa. Rakanga riri pamusoro pazvo, zuva rokutsamwa kwakapararira sechirwere chegomarara.

Mubhuku rino Reverte anotora zvinyorwa zvekare achifunga zvakanyanya, achiramba akasimba kuchokwadi. Asi chinhu chaicho chakaitika pazasi pezvaive zvakanyoreswa. Nyaya diki dzekufungidzira dzinoshanda semuenzaniso wezvinotyisa, zuva iro vanhu pavakasimuka vachirwisa Napoleonic.

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Kukomba

Kukomba Nderimwe remabasa akawandisa emunyori. Iko kuunganidzwa kwemapepa uye ruzivo nezve Hondo yeSpain yeRusununguko yakazoperera mukuita basa iri, zvirinani maererano nenzvimbo inodiwa muCádiz pakati pemakore 1811 na1812. , kuwirirana kunoshamisa kwakakodzera zano rakanyanyisa raKen Follet.

Asi pamusoro peizvozvo Reverte anozadzisa matoni akasiyana pabasa, nguva idzo hupenyu hwevatambi hunotsvedza uchienda kunzvimbo yemutikitivha kana kutendeuka nezwi diki redhisiki dhoni kana kukwira kuenda kubazi resaenzi, ese aine banga rakajeka uye rinopenya zvechokwadi.

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Iyo tango yemuchengeti wekare

Con Iyo tango yemuchengeti wekare, Arturo Pérez Reverte anotizivisa isu kune yerudo nyaya. Izvo zvinoda kuziva kuti mushure memanyaya mazhinji ane nhoroondo yehondo, akangoerekana azvizivisa neruzivo rwekudanana. Asi zvine musoro hazvisi izvo chete nezve izvo.

Chikonzero chaicho chekutaura nezverudo ndechekuganhurira kune dzakasiyana nhoroondo nguva. Max Costa naMecha vanotitungamira, kuburikidza nerumwe rudo rwavo, kuburikidza nekunyungudika, kuburikidza nekunzwa kwevakarasika uye, chokwadika, dzimwe dzehondo dzakapfuura dzezana ramakore rechiXNUMX.

Mukupedzisira, mune anokurudzira ma60, vadikani vanotarisana nemutambo unovhiringidza wechess. Inonakidza uye inokatyamadza inoverengeka iyo, yekuve wakasiyana, yakazadzwa nemaropafadzo uye kufunga kukuru. Zvingadaro. Zvekunakidzwa, mavara.

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Murwere sniper

Murwere sniper inotonzwika kunge yakaipa. Iko kushivirira uko murume ari kugadzirira kuuraya anogona kuve nako, anotarisira basa idzva pazvinhu zvisinganzwisisike zvemunhu. Uye zvakadaro nzira dzechirongwa dzinofambira mberi kwete chaizvo mupfungwa iyi.

Iyo yambotaurwa sniper imhando ine gakava, inodaidzwa kuti Sniper, rudzi rwekusazivikanwa nerumwe rudzi rwekuratidzwa kwehunyanzvi. Alejandra Varela, mutori wenhau, ari munzira yake. Anoda kusvika kwaari pamberi peumwe munhu, tsvaga zvikonzero zvake uye aise chiso paari. Asi kuti usvike kuSniper kune nyika yese yepasi yekupfuura, iyo iri kugadzirwa munharaunda dzedu dzazvino. Chirongwa chine simba, chehungwaru hukuru asi chine chinangwa chakajeka chemagariro.

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Varume vakanaka

Varume vakanaka ndivo avo vaitsvaga kuunza mwenje kune mimvuri Spain. Zviripachena kuti, semudzidzi kuRoyal Academy yeMutauro, Pérez Reverte akawana nhoroondo chaiye yaHermógenes Molina naDon Pedro Zárate, vese vakatumwa neChikoro kuti vatore The Encyclopedia of Diderot naD'Alembert.

Zana ramakore regumi nemasere raive rave kupera uye vadzidzi venguva iyoyo vakanzwisisa kuti iri basa rakakura, Reasoned Duramazwi reSainzi, hunyanzvi nemabasa, raigona kuve nemufananidzo uye shanduko pasosaiti yeSpanish yakaunzwa kurima rekufunga. uye tsika. kufunga pasi pesimba rehunhu hweKaturike.

Nzira yerwendo pakati peSpain neFrance inoratidza musiyano uripo pakati pemaodzanyemba eEurope uye neEuropeanokukura iri kubudirira, asi apo isu tichigovana zviitiko zvakafanana zvezvakaitika, tinonakidzwa nenjodzi inoshamisa, nevaya vepedyo mavara, nemutauro wavo chaiwo kusvika panguva uye nyaya yezvaakaona uye zvakaitika parwendo kuenda kuchiedza.

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Iyo Adventures yaKaputeni Alatriste

Iyo Adventures yaKaputeni Alatriste Iwo anoumbwa nemazana manomwe evhoriyamu ekuverenga kwakazvimiririra, kunyangwe hwaro hwakazara kwazvo hwevatambi hwunowanikwa nekuverenga kwakazara, nokudaro uchiwana kunakidzwa kwakanyanya, mhando yekufungidzira nezve izvo zvinogona kutarisirwa kubva pane yega chiitiko chakasangana nemutungamiriri wengano .

Captain Alatriste atove hunhu ane mavara makuru mumabhuku echiSpanish. Imwe yeanoverengeka manomwe maratidziro anoitwa nemunhu uyu chiitiko chinoshamisa pakati peSpanish Goridhe Age.

Kubwinya kweaya makore apo Spain yaive ichiri bhenekeri repasi rose yakavanzawo mimvuri nenhamo, kutuka nekukakavadzana kwayo. Alatriste anomiririra anokudzwa emweya, kwete wezita, murume akarimwa uye akashinga, aine pfungwa huru yekukudzwa uye pfumo rakagadzirira kurangwa.

Mune vhoriyamu iwe yaunogona kuwana nekudzvanya pamufananidzo, seti yemanovhodhi manomwe anoratidzwa. Pasina kupokana, chipo chakasarudzika icho vadiki nevakuru vanogona kunakidzwa. Kunakidzwa nekudzidza nemutauro wakashata.

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Falco

Falco. Izvo zvinokweretwa seyakawedzera akateedzana zvichakurumidza kuve nazvo chikamu chechipiri: Eva. Zvatinowana mune ino nyowani Reverte hunhu rudzi rwemupikisi weAlatriste anodzoserwa pakati pezana ramakumi maviri. Falcó igamba, musori wemubhadharo, chimwe chinhu chakanyatso kuunzwa kunguva dzino.

Hunhu hunofamba mumiganhu isina kujeka yehunhu asi aine mbiri huru munyika dzine rima dzinoshanda segiya rekuti zvinhu zvingoshanda. Nhanho yemakumi matatu nemakumi mana, ine makakatanwa mazhinji apfuura, azvino kana akamirira, inomiririra chikamu chinonetsa chenhoroondo umo chete munhu akaita saFalcó anoziva kuzviitira nzvimbo uye kupona zvese.

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Eva

Evha. Lorenzo Falcó atova mumwe weavo vatambi venyeredzi avo Arturo Pérez Reverte akabudirira kuvakira mabhuku echiSpanish. Ehe, uyu akaipa, anoshora uye anofarira mukana mukomana haana chekuita neanokudzwa Alatriste, asi iye ndiye chiratidzo chenguva. Iyo gamba rinopa iyo baton kune antihero semhedzisiro protagonist. Inofanira kunge iri nyaya yekuneta pakuona kwechakaipa icho chinokunda, ichifamba-famba wakasununguka munzanga isina kugadzikana.

Pachiitiko ichi, tiri muna Kurume 1937. Lorenzo Falcó anoenderera mberi achishanda mumimvuri, pasi pemirairidzo yevapanduki, mune iro basa rakasviba rinokosha kwazvo kuchinja nzira yehondo, kana zvichidikanwa. Muhondo uye murudo, chero chinhu chinoenda, chirevo chinoratidzika kunge chakagadzirirwa hunhu hwerima uhu, uyo anoita kunge akaiswa mukati kuti akwanise kuita zvisina hunhu mumimvuri yeusori, kurangana nekubatana nadhiyabhorosi pachake.

Akadzingwa kuTangier, Lorenzo Falcó ane basa rekurova bato rinotonga reSpain rinoisiya riine hupfumi, husisina simba uye husina kana chikwereti nenyika yese. Basa rakasviba rinozoguma nehurombo, kusuwa nenzara kune vanhu. Kuita kunofanirwa kuitiswa kubva munzvimbo inonyadzisa iyo hunhu hwedu inogara, kuitira kuti vanhu vavanofungidzirwa kuti vakarwa nevakuru, havazive nezve tsvina dzakadai.

Pamberi paLorenzo Eva anobuda, mukadzi anotaridzika anokuvadza uyo anopenya Falcó asi zvakare anotora chikamu muhondo ine tsvina, chete kune rimwe divi. Zvichienderana nezviri kutaurwa, kuda kana kuvenga ingori nyaya yekutarisa, kugona kufamba uchibva pane imwe nzvimbo uchienda pane imwe sezvainodiwa. Asi hazvisi izvo zvishoma zvechokwadi kuti mukuuya nekufamba pakati peanopokana manzwiro munhu anopedzisira asiya zvimedu zvemweya, achikurura pamberi peicho chaicho chinogona kukutungamira kuti ufungezve nzvimbo yako pasi.

Akajairidzwa nezvakanaka zvinyorwa zvemunyori uyu, pakati pazvo anotsvedza nyaya dzinomhanya-mhanya dzinotitora nehupenyu hwavo mutinhimira, kushushikana kwavo kwepamoyo uye neiyo kukwana kwakaringana neichoicho chakakomberedza mavara, isu zvakare tinoona kugona kwakachena, izvo yepeni yakatoshandiswa kusvika pamatanho epamusoro ekubudirira.

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Imbwa dzakaomarara hadzitambe

Imbwa dzakaomarara hadzitambe. Nekupedzisira kudedera kwaEva, bhuku rake rekare muFalcó nhepfenyuro, ichiri kudzokorodza mundangariro yedu yekuverenga, Pérez Reverte anoputika neruzivo rutsva rwandisingazive kana rwuchazove shanduko pakati pezvakakurukurwa zvaFalcó kana kana zvichimiririra kuvharwa kwezvakanyorwa pamusoro paLorenzo Falcó uye yake yakasarudzika modus vivendi mumakore akazara ehutongi hwaFranco.

Ngazvive sezvazvingaite, ino novel inoratidzwa senge ngano ine yakasimba yekufananidzira mhosva kuburikidza neyakajairwa iyo inopedzisira yaita kuti isu tikanganwe kuti inyaya yembwa. Hupenyu hwaTeo, Boris el Guapo, Negro nedzimwe imbwa dzakawanda dzinokwira kune iyo hunhu hwevanhu iyo Arturo Pérez-Reverte inokwanisa kukura kusvika pakuvimbika kukuru.

Handizive kana iwe ukapedza kuverenga bhuku rino unozokwanisa kutarisa imbwa nenzira imwechete zvakare. Kana isu takatofungira kuti mukuona kwakatarisa uku rumwe rudzi rwehungwaru rwakavanzwa pamusoro peizvo zvaifungidzirwa, kana tapedza zano iri tinosimbisa fungidziro dzese idzodzo.

Semunhu anoda mhuka zvakanaka uye imbwa kunyanya, munyori akachengeta kutiratidza mamiriro akazara enyika yemhuka inozivikanwa kuburikidza nengano. Chiitiko chedzidziso apo mapatani anoenderera pakati petsika, zvisikwa uye zvemweya. Nhungamiro dzakamboremekedzwa nevarume sechinhu chakakosha chekuchengetedza kushoma kwekugara pakati pevakaenzana.

Rwendo rwaNegro mukutsvaga shamwari dzake dzakarasika zvakare kufamba kuburikidza neese mareferenzi ayo imbwa dzinogona kunge dzakadzidza kubva kuvarume mukuita kudzimba, asi izvozvi ivo chete ndivo vanochengetedza kure pamusoro pedzidziso dzedu dzakapunzirwa isu.

Kana chimwe chinhu chikapona pasi rino mushure merimwe rudzi rwechunhu icho chingatimirire isu mangwana kana mumireniyoni, imbwa chete ndidzo dzaigona kushandira kudzosa nyika ine tsika dzekare dzinokunda, munzvimbo yekutanga yekuchengetedza chero mhando.

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Sabotage

Nenyaya iyi tinosvika kune Falcó saga trilogy, nhevedzano umo munyori anotambisa fungidziro, kutengeserana uye ruzivo rwezvinyengeri zvematongerwo enyika pakati peSpanish Civil War.

Nekuti kunyangwe isu tiri kutaura nezvenguva ine njodzi, chokwadi chakavigwa pakati penjodzi dzehondo chinogara chichishamisa nekuda kwezvavanofunga kuti ndiyo nzira yakakosha yekusimudzira zviitiko. Uye kune nguva dzose nharo dzinonakidza dzekuvaka zviratidziro zvinyorwa.

Izvo zvido zvinopihwa, nepo vechidiki vakatarisana neruoko kumberi, vanopa muenzaniso wakanaka wezvose zvaifamba pakatenderedza hondo munyika medu. Kamwe zvakare, Falcó anotora matomu enyaya iyi inoenda kuburikidza nemaelstrom ezviitiko uye zviitiko zvakatotiperekedza mune yakapfuura "Eva".

Zvakare 1937, ino nguva muParis. Musi waApril 26 wegore iro mabhomba akaparadza guta iri reBiscayan.Mwedzi mishoma gare gare Pablo Picasso akaratidzira njodzi yeavo vasina kukwanisa kupotera. Zvichida chete pakati pemwedzi waMay naJune umo munyori akatanga basa racho, chinyorwa chebasa chingasaitwe maererano nezvakarongwa nemusiki wemifananidzo ...

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Nhoroondo yeSpain

Munguva pfupi yapfuura ndakanga ndichiteerera kubvunzurudzo naDon Arturo Pérez Reverte achitaura nyaya yemarudzi, manzwiro ekuve wevamwe, mireza uye avo vanozvifukidza ivo pachavo. Pfungwa yekuve Spanish nhasi yakadhakiswa nemafungiro, dzidziso, zvimiro uye mumvuri wakareba wekufungira nezve chiziviso chinobatira chikonzero chegakava rinogara richitenderedza zvazvinoreva kuva Spanish.

Mavara uye Manichaeism anoremedza chero pfungwa yechinhu chiSpanish, mukuda kwevaya vese vanorangana kupokana neicho chokwadi chekuvapo, kuchizadza nemhosva, kuchisvika kubva kuchidimbu chinofarira chenguva iyo inodzoreredza mapasiro erima kuti itore mukana wayo. Pfungwa yekushanda nesimba kuti Spain parizvino yakafanana neapo yaigarwa uye yakasarudzika neboka, inofungidzira kuzivikanwa kwakakwana kuti zvese zvarasika, kuti avo vakachinja pasi pechirevo chimwe vanozvichengetera ivo pachavo pamberi peavo vaida icho sechimwe chinhu. zvakawanda muuzhinji uye zvakasiyana.

Kusazvibata kuhunhu hwenyika iyo, senge chero imwe, yaive uye ine mwenje nemimvuri uye iyo, pakupedzisira, haifanire kunge iri yeyedzidziso asi yeavo vanogara pachifuva chisingazivikanwe uye chakazara vanhu. Ndokusaka zvisingamborwadzi kuteerera kune akakosha munyori wezuva redu.

Munyori anoita pasina kupokana nezve chikonzero chekuzivikanwa kubva kune anecdotal kusvika kune yakakosha. Nekuti irwo rudzi rwekuunganidzwa kwemifungo rine nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasirose dzeIberia panorama umo vanokanganisa, vanyengeri, vanoreva nhema, vanyengeri vechiito uye indoctrinator vasina dzidziso yavo vakabudirira uye vachibudirira, kubva kumativi ese enhema-pfungwa.

Uye ini ndinoti "pseudo" ndichiisa pamberi pemafungiro nekuti chaizvo, pazviitiko zvakawanda ndezve izvo, kubvisa nhema, kuratidza kunyepa, kunyora pamwe naPererez Reverte anonyanya kukuvadza stletto kupedzisira achimaka imwe neimwe nematambudziko avo.

Iko kudada kwekuve wechiSpanish kana chiPutukezi kana chiFrench kunogara mukubwinya kwevanhu vachiri vakasununguka kubva mukunyara kweiyi hunhu kune nhema. Kuti vasangane nechinofungidzirwa kuve nyika yako, veSpanish vatsva vanogumbuka vanopfeka mureza wakapesana, iwo uyo unovapfekedza muchokwadi nekuchena, iyo isina kumbodzivirira miscreants kana isiri matsotsi.

Senge kuti vakaipa vaigona kuve kudivi rimwe chete, sekunge kufunga kwakasiyana navo kwaizopinda mune iyo inonzi nhema Spain kuti kana iripo ndizvo chaizvo nekuda kwehuso hunotyisa umo vamwe vanongotarisa neziso rezuro, uye vamwe, se mhinduro inokuvadza, vakapiwa kumidzimu yekare.

Nekuti hazvina kufanana kudzokorora iko kungodzoserwa kwekodzero uye kukudzwa kwevakakundwa muhondo chero ipi zvayo pane kuyedza kunyudza zvese zvese mukunyadzisa, kusvika kumagumo ezuva uye nezvese chinofamba nhanho imwechete.

La Historia para Pérez Reverte inzvimbo yekutaura zvakasununguka, pasina mutauro unomanikidzwa nevezvematongerwo enyika, pasina zvikwereti nevatsigiri vayo, vasina kuzvipira uye vasina chinangwa chekunyora nhoroondo nyowani. Nhoroondo ipfungwa futi, sekureba sekunge iyi isiri iyo yakazvimiririra yekuzvishandira nhema.

Zvese zviri kuzviisa pasi. Uye izvo zvinonyatso kuzivikanwa nemunyori uyo anoita kuti kunzwira tsitsi chishandiso chekutengeserana. Uye saka tinowana bhuku iri rinotaura nezve hutsinye apo hutsinye hwaive mutemo uye rinovhura kukakavara apo kupokana kwemafungiro kwakatungamira kudutu. Spain, kuwanda kwemarudzi zvichienderana nekuti ndiani anoiona, purojekiti nekubatana kwenzvimbo, nyika yekumusha neyakagovaniswa hodgepodge kubva kuPyrenees kuenda kuGibraltar.

Zvese kune imwe mune yakasarudzika mess, kutora chikamu mune ine mbiri nguva kana rima mapeji, zvinoenderana nemabatiro avari kuda kuverenga. Pérez Reverte izwi rehunyanzvi mune iro remazita ari pamachira anopisa ayo ari iwo mireza.

Nyaya yezve Spain iyi inogona kuva mune yakanakisa kungoona vamwe sevakaenzana uye kunakidzwa nezvinhu zvavo kana tichifamba necadaraderie yekuda kuziva yeiri kure yakasimudzwa mamvemve. Chishoma kana chimwe chinhu chisiri Spain, kunyangwe tsamba yekutyisidzira yenziyo. A Royal Kurume iyo kunyangwe kwayakatangira yakarasika mune yakasarudzika yekugadzira imputation.

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Sidi

Chirevo chinokatyamadza cheEl Cid sechiratidzo cheReconquest chinouya kubvudzi raDon Arturo Perez Reverte kubvisa ngano kwechinguva, mukubatanidza pfungwa yenhoroondo yepamutemo.

Nekuti chaizvo izvo, ngano nengano zvinogara zvine maburi adzo, mativi avo erima. Panyaya yaEl Cid, yese iye imhute iyo chimiro chake chakaunzwa nekufamba kwenguva. Kukudzwa nenziyo uye kudzingwa nemadzimambo nemadzishe.

Hapana chinhu chiri nani kunze kwekudzokororwa kwengano yekukudza iyo nhamba kubva mukupesana kwayo, zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nemwana wemuvakidzani wese. Kutanga, ngatifungei nezve chokwadi chinodakadza kuti iro ikozvino gamba zita reCid rinobva kune iyo Sidi (Ishe muchiArabic), izvo zvinotungamira kufunga kuti Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar aive murwi anofarira kupona kupfuura pakuwedzera kwe umambo.vamwe paPeninsula.

Kunyangwe zvakadaro tichifunga kuti pamwe kuwanikwa kwehukasha hwakanyanya kwakamanikidza hutapwa hwake kwaizomusunda kuti ape pachena hunyanzvi hwake hwekurwa kune chero mupi wepi.

Uye nekudaro, neicho chinyorwa chemaoko anotsigirwa, gamba renyika iri rakafamba muSpain yese nevanhu vake. Vakomana vakatendeka kumirairo yavo, iine iyo poipi yakaipa yechokwadi kubva panguva iyo zvese zvaive zvidiki, kunyangwe kupona mambakwedza ega ega.

Varume vanozvipira kuita chero chinhu nerukudzo irworwo, pamberi pevavengi vechero chitendero, izvo zvaireva kupa hupenyu hwavo mukukunda umo munhu wese akahwina rombo rakanaka: kungave nekusiya nyika ino kana, mune imwe nyaya, nekukunda mukana mutsva idya zvinopisa vachidya ropa murimachiri paminondo yavo.

Ndakagara ndichifadzwa nemutsara unoratidza kuti gamba chero munhu anoita zvaanogona. Uye kumashure muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, nemamiriro ezvinhu akakodzera, gamba raingova mumwe munhu aikwanisa kudya, semhuka yemusango. Chete nekuti pakanga pasisina.

Hana yatove kana iyo yakapihwa chero zvodii pakutenda. kutenda kwakasimba uko kwakaita kuti varwi vane hasha vazviwane vachienderana neyavo yekufungidzira yechiKristu, zvisinei nekuti vakasangana nani. Kupfuura chero chinhu pachayo pakanga paine paradhiso yekushanyira uye ivo vaigona kuirasa mushure mehupenyu hwakashata hwakadai papasi rino.

Nekudaro, panguva yekunyatso kutsanangudza kutsanangudza kwechimiro chakafanana naEl Cid, hapana mumwe ari nani kupfuura Pérez-Reverte kuti azvifananidze semunhu anonyora nhoroondo yeupenyu hwake.

Semutori wenhau akatendeka wehukuru nekutambudzika; semunyori anotyisa emamwe makore akaomarara. Mazuva evarume nevakadzi ematombo kuomarara. Mhando pakati pavo, zvisinei, chokwadi chakanyanyisa chaigona kunzwisiswa mukusiyana nerima renyika iyoyo.

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Cyclops bako

Hutsva hutsva hunokura sehwahwa pane twitter, kune kupisa kunodziya kwevavengi vanopisa; kana kubva kumanotsi akadzidzwa eakajekeswa kwazvo enzvimbo.

Kune rimwe divi renzvimbo ino yekushamwaridzana tinowana vanokudzwa vashanyi vemajitari senge Arturo Perez Reverte. Zvichida dzimwe nguva kunze kwenzvimbo, semurwere akanyanyisa Dante achiedza kutsvaga nzira yake yekubuda mumatunhu eGehena. Hells umo, kunze kwemweya wekurwa nemadhimoni anotitonga, Pérez-Reverte anozvishingisa nemhare yekuzvirwisa kupusa kwevanamati vazhinji vaSatani.

Ivo vese vakashata mukati, kunge maCyclops neziso ravo rimwechete rakatarisa pachokwadi chavanotengesa zvakanaka kwavari, rakaburitswa nemoto wehuipi hwakaipa hwedhimoni. Asi pakupedzisira, iwe unogona kutovada.

Nekuti ndizvo zvazviri. Mune ino nyika nyowani, imwe neimwe inozvizivisa pachayo nezvinoenderana neshanduro yayo, inodzima matumba ezvese zvakashata kuda uye inodhonza kumberi yakadzika.

Zvichida ndosaka zviri nani kudzokera kumasocial network semunhu anoenda kubhawa kunonwa. Kukanganwa iyo bravado parishi inogadzirisa pasi uye ichitarisa mumabhuku, zvinyorwa, mweya yerumwe rudzi, pamweya unotyisa asi unobatika mushure mezvose, sevanhu vakasimwa muchokwadi chavo uye mukugara kwevakapesana navo.

Nekuti zvinyorwa uye kugona kwayo kunzwisisika zvakapetwa kazhinji, kuve nekuzvidavirira kune humbowo hutsva uye nharo, kuwana zvekare zvinhu nekunakidzwa kukundwa nemufaro weumwe munhu anotora chinwiwa chikuru sekunge chiri kwekutanga.

«Kutaura nezvemabhuku paTwitter kwakafanana nekutaura neshamwari pabhawa -akataura Arturo Pérez-Reverte-. Kana kutaura nezve mabhuku kunogara kuri chiito chemufaro, iyo pasocial network inoshanda kune izvi inoita kuti ive inonyanya kukosha. Ikoko ini nenzira yechisikigo ndinopidigura hupenyu hwese hwekuverenga, uye ipapo ini ndinogovana, nehumwechete hunhu, hupenyu hwekuverenga hwevaverengi vangu. Uye muverengi ishamwari. "

Arturo Pérez-Reverte anotendeuka gumi pa Twitter. Pane misoro mizhinji yaakataura nezvayo mune ino network panguva ino, asi mabhuku anotora nzvimbo inotungamira. Pakati paFebruary 2010 naMarch 2020, akanyora pamusoro pe45.000 meseji, mazhinji acho nezve zvinyorwa, zvese zvake neiya yaaiverenga kana iyo yakamuratidza makore apfuura semunyori.

Aya mameseji anoumba kusangana chaiko nevateveri vake mubhawa raLola rekunyepedzera uye kwakaitika nguva nenguva kubva zuva iri rekure paakapinda "mubako rema cyclops", sekudana kwaaiita iye wega network yemagariro.

Pakati pezvinhu zvakawanda zvine chekuita nemabhuku, maTwitter vakamubvunza nezveyake inoverengeka kana maitiro ake ekunyora, uye ivo vakamukumbira kuverenga kuverenga.

Iri bhuku rinounza pamwechete, nekuda kwebasa rekunyora raRogorn Moradan, idzi dzese nhaurirano dzakananga pasina vamiriri avo Arturo Pérez-Reverte anga aine vaverengi vake. Tichifunga nezve izvo zviripo uye zvechirevo zvemashoko pane ino network, pane mamwe maakaundi ayo, sekutaura kwaRogorn, "ane zvigadzirwa zvegoridhe zvakakosha kuchengetedza." Arturo Pérez-Reverte ndomumwe wavo.

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Mutsara wemoto

Kune munyori wenhoroondo dzekunyepedzera, uko fungidziro inopfuura ruzivo rwezvakaitika, hazvigoneke kutora kubva kuhondo dzevagari sechigadziko uye nharo. Nekuti mune izvo miziyamu yezvinotyisa ndezvese kupokana kwehukamaIdzi nhoroondo dzinodarika dzese, kupenya kwakanyanya kwehunhu pakati pehutsvina hwehondo, dzinopedzisira dzave kubuda.

Kubva Hemingway vakakwira Javier FencesVazhinji vanga vari vanyori vakasvika pamanoveli avo nezveSpain yakatsvuka uye bhuruu semutambo wesimba rinotadza. Iye zvino zvava kusvika Arturo Perez Reverte kufamba nguva iyoyo yakaita nzvimbo tsvene izere nevakaurayiwa uye vakafira kutenda, yemagamba nemagamba. Isu tinongofanirwa kunyudza isu muhusiku husiku mune zvese zvinotanga ...

Pahusiku hwaJuly 24 kusvika 25, 1938, panguva yeHondo yeEbro, varume 2.890 14 nevakadzi gumi nemana veXI Mixed Brigade veMauto eRepublic vakayambuka rwizi kuti vagadzire bhiriji reCastellets del Segre, kwavacharwa mukati memazuva gumi. Nekudaro, kana maCastellets, kana XI Brigade, kana mauto anotarisana naye mukati Mutsara we fuego havana kumbovapo.

Iwo mauto emauto, nzvimbo uye mavara anowanikwa munharaunda ino ndeenhema, kunyange hazvo chokwadi nemazita chaiwo avakafemerwa asiri iwo. Zvanga zvakanyatsoita seizvi kuti vabereki, vanasekuru uye hama dzevaSpanish vazhinji vemazuva ano vakarwa kumativi ese mukati memazuva iwayo uye neaya makore ane njodzi.

Hondo yeEbro yaive yakaoma uye ine ropa rose pane zvese zvakarwiwa pavhu redu, uye nezvazvo pane magwaro akawanda, mishumo yehondo uye zvipupuriro zvemunhu.

Nezvose izvi, kusanganisa kuomarara uye kugadzira, munyori anoverengwa zvakanyanya muzvinyorwa zvazvino zveSpain akavaka, kwete bhuku chete nezve Hondo Yenyika, asi inoverengeka inotyisa yevarume nevakadzi muhondo chero ipi: nyaya yakanaka uye inonakidza kwaanopora ndangariro dzevabereki vedu nasekuru nasekuru, inovawo nhoroondo yedu pachedu.

Con Mutsara we moto, Arturo Pérez-Reverte anoisa muverengi nekuremekedza kwechokwadi pakati pevaya, nekuzvidira kana nechisimba, vaive vasiri kumashure, asi vachirwa kumativi ese ari maviri kumakona ehondo. MuSpain mazhinji enganonyorwa akanaka kwazvo akanyorwa nezve iwo makwikwi kubva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepfungwa, asi hapana senge iyi. Hazvina kumbobvira zvaitika Hondo Yenyika ichitaurwa seizvi.

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Iye weItaly

Ndiani akataura kuti Arturo Pérez Reverte aingova murondedzeri mukuru wenhoroondo dzekunyepedzera? Nekuti pano, pamusoro pekutiratidza imwe yeiyo intra-nhoroondo dzinoita nhoroondo kuve inoyevedza poto yeanecdotes uye zvinowirirana, Pérez Reverte anotikoka isu kuti tirarame rudo rwekunakidzwa pakati pekubhomba uye nerima mashura eEuropean achiri mune akadzika shaya weNazism.

Mumakore 1942 na1943, panguva yeHondo Yenyika II, varwi vekuItaly vakarwa vakanyura kana kukuvadza ngarava gumi nemana dzakabatana muGibraltar neBay yeAlgeciras. Mune ino novel, yakafuridzirwa nezviitiko chaizvo, chete vamwe vatambi uye mamiriro ezvinhu anofungidzira.

Elena Arbués, mutengesi wemabhuku ane makore makumi maviri nemanomwe, anosangana nemumwe weavo vakasiyana mambakwedza mamwe vachifamba pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, akanyangarika pakati pejecha nemvura. Pakumubatsira, mukadzi wechidiki anofuratira kuti kutsunga uku kuchachinja hupenyu hwake uye kuti rudo ruchangove chikamu cheanotyisa ngozi.

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Revolution: A Novel

Iyi inyaya yemurume, vakadzi vatatu, chimurenga nepfuma. Chimurenga chaive icho cheMexico munguva dzaEmiliano Zapata naFrancisco Villa. Pfuma iyi yaiva zviuru gumi nezvishanu zvegoridhe zvemakumi maviri epesos yeanonzi maximilianos, akabiwa mubhangi muCiudad Juárez musi waMay 8, 1911. Zita romurume uyu ainzi Martín Garret Ortiz uye aiva injiniya wemigodhi wechidiki wokuSpain. Zvakatanga kwaari zuva rimwe chete iroro, paakanzwa pfuti yekutanga kubva kuhotera yake. Akabuda kuti anoona zvaiitika uye kubva panguva iyoyo hupenyu hwake hwakachinja zvachose...

Revolution inopfuura nganonyorwa pamusoro pezviitiko zvinoshamisa zvakazunungusa Mexico Republic muchikamu chekutanga chetatu chezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Iyo inyaya yekutanga uye kukura kuburikidza nemhirizhonga, lucidity uye mhirizhonga: kuwanikwa kunoshamisa kwemitemo yakavanzika inosarudza rudo, kuvimbika, rufu uye hupenyu.

Dambudziko rekupedzisira

Don Arturo Pérez Reverte ishasha yemabhii anogona kusanganiswa nenhoroondo yevatapi venhau, nerondedzero yekushanya muchimiro chechimiro chinodiwa, nenganonyorwa dzenhoroondo, nekufungirwa kwemamiriro ese kana nerudzi rwenoir mune chero ratidziro yavo. . Pérez Reverte ishasha yezvese hunyanzvi hwekunyora uye sezvakaratidzwa neiyi bhatani resimbi idzva rinopedzisira rafamba pakati pemabhuku, bhaisikopo neatheater, nehutsotsi sedhirama rinogona kuita seShakespearean sezvo rakakodzera komiki opera yakachengetedzwa kubva kuvanhu. kupokana..

“Zvinoda mupurisa,” mumwe munhu akadaro. Mutikitivha.
"Tinaye," akadaro Foxá.
Vese vakatevera kwavaitarisa.
"Izvozvo zvisina musoro," ndakapikisa. Vave kupenga here?
-Iwe wanga uri Sherlock Holmes.
"Hapana aive Sherlock Holmes. Mutikitivha iyeye haana kumbovapo. Icho chinyorwa chezvinyorwa.
-Kuti iwe wakazvarwa nenzira inoyemurika.
Asi kwaive kumafirimu. Zvaisava nechokuita noupenyu chaihwo. Ndingori mutambi.
Vakanditarisa vaine tariro, chokwadi ndechekuti ini pachangu ndakange ndave kutotanga kupinda mumamiriro ezvinhu, sekunge magetsi achangobva kubatidzwa ndakanzwa ruzha rwakapfava rwecamera ichikunguruka. Kunyange zvakadaro, ndakasarudza kuramba ndakanyarara, zvigunwe zvakachinjika pasi pechirebvu changu. Ndakanga ndisina kunakidzwa nazvo zvakanyanya kubva pandakapfura The Hound yeBaskerville.

June 1960. Dutu rakaita kuti vanhu vapfumbamwe varambe vachigara muhotera duku iri kwayo yoga pachitsuwa chinoyevedza cheUtakos, pedyo neCorfu. Hapana chinofanotaura kuti chii chave kuda kuitika: Edith Mander, muenzi wechirungu akangwara, anowanikwa akafa mumahombekombe egungwa. Zvinoita sekunge kuzviuraya zvinoratidza zviratidzo zvisingaonekwe kune chero munhu kunze kwaHopalong Basil, mutambi ari kupera akambotamba mutikitivha ane mukurumbira wenguva dzese pachiratidziri.

Hapana akafanana naye, akajaira kushandisa hunyanzvi hwekubvisa hwaSherlock Holmes kubhaisikopo, anogona kuburitsa izvo zvakavanzwa mune iyo yekare yakavharwa-kamuri enigma. Pachitsuwa chisina munhu anogona kubva uye pasina munhu anogona kusvika, munhu wese anozopedzisira ave fungidziro mune rinonakidza risingaone-dambudziko umo mabhuku emapurisa anovhengana zvinoshamisa nehupenyu.

mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve arturo perez reverte