Vanyori vashoma vanozivikanwa vakaita pseudonym zita ravo repamutemo, kure netsika kana kushandiswa kwakakurumbira kunoshandira chikonzero chekushambadzira, kana izvo zvinomiririra kuvharika kwemunyori kuti ave munhu akasiyana. Panyaya ye Marguerite crayencour, Kushandiswa kwezita rake rakashongedzwa rakatungamira, paakangogadzwa muUnited States muna 1947, munzvimbo yepamutemo yazvino inozivikanwa pasirese Yourcenar.
Pakati peanecdotal uye yakakosha, chokwadi ichi chinonongedza kushanduko yemahara pakati pemunhu nemunyori. Nokuti Marguerite crayencour, yakatsaurirwa kumabhuku muratidzirwo dzawo dzose; muongorori wemabhii kubva kwaakatangira echinyakare; uye nekuwanda kwehungwaru hwake kune rondedzero erudition muchimiro uye chinhu, aigara achifamba nechido chakasimba uye kuzvipira kwekunyora kusingachinjiki senzira yehupenyu uye segwara uye humbowo hunokosha hwemunhu munhoroondo.
Kuzvidzidzisa-yega kudzidziswa kwekunyora, kwakafanana nemukadzi ane hudiki hwakabatana neHondo Huru, kunetseka kwake kwenjere kwakasimudzirwa kubva pamufananidzo wababa vake. Nemabviro ayo ehutongi, akarohwa nehondo huru yekutanga yeEurope, chimiro chababa vanorima chakabvumira kupihwa simba kwemukadzi wechidiki ane chipo.
Mumazuva ake ekutanga semunyori (mumakore ake ekutanga makumi maviri akange atonyora bhuku rake rekutanga) akaita basa iri kuti rienderane nekuturikira vanyori vakuru veAnglo-Saxon vakaita savake muchiFrench chake. Virginia Woolf o Henry James.
Uye chokwadi ndechekuti muhupenyu hwake hwese akaenderera mberi nebasa iri rakapetwa rekugadzira zvisikwa zvake kana kununura kuFrench mabasa akakosha kwazvo pakati pemaGreek classics kana chero zvimwe zvisikwa zvaimurova pakufamba kwake nguva zhinji.
Basa raMarguerite pachake rinozivikanwa sechinyorwa chemabasa akadzama, azere nehuchenjeri muchimiro chakaoma kunzwisisa sekujekesa kwarinoita. Manovhero, nhetembo kana nyaya dzemunyori wechiFrench uyu anosanganisa chimiro chakajeka neyakapfuura.
Kuzivikanwa kwekuzvipira kwake kwese kwakauya nekubuda kwake semukadzi wekutanga kupinda muFrench Academy, kumashure muna 1980.
Mabhuku matatu epamusoro anokurudzirwa naMarguerite Yourcenar
Ndangariro dzaHadrian
Pfungwa iyi yaive yekugadzira rudzi rwepepanhau rinoratidzwa muzvikamu mumagazini La Table Ronde.
Pfungwa iyo, nekuda kwekuratidzwa kwakawanda kwenyaya yamambo aiziva mbiri huru yeHumambo hweRoma, yakabata vaverengi vazhinji uye yakaguma yave bhuku rinokosheswa nemunyori makore akati gare gare. Kuverenga bhuku rino chiitiko chekutevedzera kwakakosha kwakakosha.
Kubva pakubwinya kukuru kwemunhu kusvika padanho rekutanga, zvese zvinogona kuverengwa nenhamba imwechete yemweya wemunhu wakagovaniswa pakupedzisira.
Hazvisi zvekuwanda mune epic kana ngano yemunhu ari kure sepedyo nengano dzechiRoman, novel inogadzirisa mamiriro acho nemazvo asi zvakare inoongorora mune izvo zvinokurudzira zvevanhu, ichikwira pamusoro pekupokana kwavo uye kukunda sarudzo dzinovatungamira. .
Uye ndezvekuti, magumo anoumba mazuva edu kubva kune emhando yakakurumbira kusvika kune yeasingazivikanwe hupenyu, izvo zvinoita kuti rive rizere kuverenga kunonzwira tsitsi kunoita kuti tigare mukati memoyo nehuropi hwevakuru vemadzimambo. Hispanics.
Alexis kana chibvumirano chekurwa kusingabatsiri
Zvinowanzoitika kuti murondedzero pfupi tinowana zvishongo zvinogona kuverengwa kamwechete uye izvo, zvisinei, zvinosiya zvinonaka zvebasa rakakura mumhando yayo yekubatanidza. Hazvisi nyore kupinda pakadzika kubva mumharidzo pfupi, kunze kwekunge tasangana nemunyori kubva kufekisheni yaMarguerite.
Muchimiro chayo chezvinyorwa, chinyorwa chipfupi ichi chinobata dingindira rerudo rwakasunungurwa zvakanyanya panguva iyo rusununguko munharaunda iyi rwaiita serwiyo rweutopian. Mudzimai chete, aigara achirwa uye nekurevererwa, aigona kutarisana nebasa rechokwadi rechokwadi cherudo mumativi ose.
Alexis anonyorera mudzimai wake kuti ajekese zvinhu zvose zvine chokuita nemweya wake, zvose zvaaigara achiviga pakati petsika netsika. Uchapupu hwako hwakanyorwa hunopomera kukosha kwekusunungurwa kwakaitwa uchapupu. Kurwisana kwemunhu naye pachake ndiyo yakaipisisa yehondo uye ichiri kurwiwa nekushingaira kwakanyanya nhasi.
Hazvisi zvekuvavarira kuita unzenza senzvimbo yekugarisana, chete pakucherechedzwa kweforamu yemukati memunhu wega wega, pakuratidzwa kwe ecce homo yatiri tese, takafumurwa kune zvinotarisirwa pamusoro pedu zvichibva pamabasa.
Novhero pfupi inonyatso muhupfupi hwayo inogonesa mutauro kusvika pakunzwisisa kwakadzama. Imwe yeaya matombo madiki ayo munhu wese anofanira kuverenga kuti anzwisise uye kuti azvinzwisise.
The coup de grace
Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa gare gare pfupi novel «Chronicle Yerufu Rwakafanotaurwa» inoenderera mumutsara uyu chero iine magumo ekuti, kunyangwe zvese, inokwevera isu pfungwa dzedu kune yakare budiriro. Nyaya yekugara kune yaitarisirwa magumo aEric, Conrad naSophie, savamwari vakaita vaverengi vanoziva zvese.
Chete, kunyange Mwari pachake haazivi zvinoitika zvisati zvaitika, munguva iyoyo yekusununguka kusati kwapiwa uye iyo ine mweya wemunhu wega wega wekukura kwakakwana kusvikira njodzi iyo pakupedzisira inonyora kuguma kwezvinhu zvose.
Uye rudo ndiyo chaiyo nzvimbo yakakwana yebudiriro yerusununguko rwekuva. Magadzirirwo erudo haatsananguriki kana manzwiro akatenderwa kutenderera, kunyanya kana mamiriro ezvinhu agara achinongedzera kusakwanisika kwerudo rwakasunungurwa zvakanyanya.
Ramba uchipokana! Alexis haasi akanakisa Yourcenar novel, kwete kana sham. Memories yaAdriano pamwe, asi Opus Nigrum haigone kushaikwa kubva pane rondedzero yeakanakisa mabasa ake.
Waita hako Victor.
Misiyano inogara ichipfumisa. Handina kuisa yekutanga, inoenda yechipiri. Asi huya, izvi zvine musoro. Kwandiri, Alexis hunhu waunowana naye tsitsi dzinoshamisa dzakandikunda. Iyo epistolary roll inoipa iyo yepedyo poindi iyo inounza iwe zvakanyanya pedyo.