Zochitika pagulu, komanso koposa zonse, wolemba woyang'anira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mwanjira ina kapena pang'ono kapena pang'ono, monga wolemba mbiri wanthawiyo amakhala. John steinbeck Mwachidziwitso iye sanakhaleko m'zaka zovuta za Kuvutika Kwakukulu kwachuma komwe kunayambitsa ma 30 ndipo makamaka ku United States, dziko lakwawo wolemba.
Y zikomo kwa iye, mbiri zambiri zamkati zam'magulu onse azikhalidwe zimasandulika, kudzera mukuzindikira komwe kudasinthira pano kukhala mtundu wakuda weniweni, komwe kuchepa kwachuma kudapangitsa kuti mavuto azachuma apitirire komanso kuwononga umunthu.
Ndipo pakuchepa kwa maloto aku America komanso loto lapadziko lonse lapansi, malo obweretsa nkhondo zamtsogolo zamtsogolo, a John Steinbeck anali owonekeratu kuti chinthu chake chinali kufotokoza zomwe zimachitika kuchokera kumadera ena. Zinamuwononga iye, koma pamapeto pake cholembera chake chinafikira, mpaka Mphoto ya Nobel yolemba mu 1962 idatsimikizira kuti sanalakwitse posankha ntchito yosangalatsa, yomvetsa chisoni komanso yosangalatsa ya wolemba.
Ma Novel Oyendetsedwa Ndi John Steinbeck
Mphesa za Mkwiyo
Zaka khumi za 30 zidasiyidwa. Zaka zachisoni ndi zokhumudwitsa zomwe zidatha kudzetsa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse.
Masiku amenewo, aliyense ankapita kukafunafuna golide wake. Ulendo ndi kutera m'malo atsopano zidangowonjezera kukhumudwa ndikuwunikira kusakhala ndi mizu komanso kusowa kwa kuphatikiza. Anthu amene transhumated miyoyo yawo kukathera msipu mu mavuto ndi mtheradi kusamvetsetsa.
Chidule: Wodziwika ndi Mphotho ya Pulitzer mu 1940, Mphesa za Mkwiyo zimalongosola sewero lakusamuka kwa mamembala am'banja la Joad, omwe, mokakamizidwa ndi fumbi ndi chilala, akukakamizidwa kuchoka kumayiko awo, limodzi ndi ena masauzande ena. Anthu ochokera ku Oklahoma ndipo Texas adapita ku "dziko lolonjezedwa" la California pambuyo pazovuta zoyipa za Kukhumudwa Kwakukulu ndi Dust Bowl.
Pamenepo, zoyembekezera za gulu lankhondo lomwe sililandidwa sizikwaniritsidwa. Mwa mitundu yamafilimu yomwe buku ili ladziwa, chosaiwalika chokhudza Henry Fonda motsogozedwa ndi John Ford chimaonekera.
Za mbewa ndi amuna
Sitikufuna, Don Quixote adadzipereka kwambiri pazinthu zingapo zatsopano zamanenedwe a quixotic. Makhalidwe omwe amakhala moyandikana ndi omwe amayenda ulendo wosafalikira akuchulukirachulukira m'mbiri yazolemba kapena makanema.
Steinbeck nayenso adalumikizana ndi izi pouza dziko lapansi kudzera mwa anthu apadera omwe, pamapeto pake, amapereka malingaliro apadera omwe amatha kutsegula malingaliro athu kwa onse.
Chidule: Lennie, wofooka m'maganizo monga wamkulu komanso wokoma, amayenda m'misewu pafupi ndi George wovuta komanso wanzeru. Ndi anthu awiri omwe akuyenda m'malo akumidzi a Great Depression omwe adawononga North America, nthawi zonse kufunafuna ntchito iliyonse yomwe iwapatse mwayi wopulumuka.
John Steinbeck, Mphoto ya Nobel mu 1962, adafotokoza m'mabuku ake ambiri za anthu osauka omwe amayendayenda kumidzi yaku America pazaka zachuma, kufunafuna ntchito iliyonse yomwe ingalole kuti akhale ndi moyo.
M'bukuli, lomwe lidawonekera pazenera mu 1992, Steinbeck akufotokoza za ubale pakati pa Lennie ndi George: Lennie, wofooka m'maganizo monga wachikale monga momwe alili wachifundo; George, wochenjera mwanzeru, yemwe amayesetsa kuteteza Lennie kwa iyemwini, ngakhale nthawi zina amadalira mphamvu zake kuti atuluke m'mavuto.
Ubwenzi wapakati pazinthu ziwiri zomwe zidalekanitsidwazo komanso kulimbana kwawo ndi dziko wamba komanso lotukuka lamphamvu ndizopangidwa ndi mbali ya anthu yomwe ikugwirabe ntchito mpaka pano monga momwe bukuli linalembedwera, zaka zoposa makumi asanu ndi limodzi zapitazo: mgwirizano.
M'nkhalango ya usiku
Kodi tikufuna kupatsa mwana chiyani? Nthawi zina timafuna kuti akhale ngati ife, koma pafupifupi nthawi zonse timanamizira kuti ali bwino kuposa ife.
Maphunziro apanyumba ndi kusiyanasiyana komwe kumakula pakapita nthawi kumayika aliyense m'malo mwake, makolo kuseri ndi ana akukwera, kukonza masewera omwe mwina sitidzalemba konse.
Chidule: A Joe Saul atha kukhala aliyense, wovuta kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mlimi kapena woyendetsa sitima, wotengeka ndi chikhumbo chachikulu chofuna kupatsa mwana cholowa chake chonse. Kodi mumatha kutero? Ndipo kuti mumvetse zovuta zomwe muyenera kuthana nazo panjira?
Mu ntchito yochititsa chidwi iyi, yolembedwa motsatira ndondomeko yomweyi ya Of Mice and Men ndi The Moon Has Set, a John Steinbeck akuwonetsa mwachidwi phindu la mwazi, cholowa, kunyada komanso ubale, pazokonda zamunthu komanso pamtendere wofunikira kuti mumvetsetse.
Monga wolemba adanenanso m'mawu ake olandila Mphotho ya Nobel ya Mabuku mu 1962, "tiyenera kudzifufuza mwaife tokha udindo ndi nzeru zomwe mapemphero athu amafuna kupereka kwa mulungu wina."
