Mtundu wamabuku aulendo udali ndi chidwi komanso kutengapo gawo kwa olemba ambiri aku America azaka za 19th ndi 20th century. Choncho, pamene mtunduwo unali kale kusangalala ndi kutukuka kwake ndi mbewu zofesedwa ndi azungu. Choyamba, chifukwa Daniel defoe, kenako ndi Jules Verne, Robert Louis Stevenson ndi kampani, omaliza anali atatsagana kale ndi mabuku ofananira a Mark Twain, Jack London, amene ndimabweretsa kuno lero, ndi olemba ambiri kutsidya lina la Atlantic.
Mlandu wa Jack London ndiye chiwonetsero cha ochita masewerawa ngati lingaliro lofunikira lomwe pamapeto pake lidasinthidwa kukhala zolemba. Chifukwa Jack wachichepere sanali chitsanzo chenicheni cha wophunzira wachitsanzo. Nkhawa zake zidamulepheretsa kuti apitirize sukulu asanakwanitse zaka 14. Ndipo ali mwana adayamba kufunafuna moyo ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyanazi zomwe zidamupangitsa kuti athane ndi zovuta zilizonse ndi chuma chambiri (ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti adalowanso m'ndende chifukwa chongoyendayenda uku ndi uko).
Poganizira za izi, n'zosavuta kutanthauzira kuti Jack London wolembayo, kuwonjezera pa zomwe amamudetsa nkhawa, amachokera ku njira yodziphunzitsa yekha m'mabuku. M'moyo wake wobalalika, Jack wabwino wokalamba sanaphonye mwayi wokonda kuwerenga, makamaka paubwana wake komanso unyamata wake.
Mitambo ina yapadera yomwe pamapeto pake idatsogolera kwa m'modzi mwa akatswiri olemba zamtunduwu, mtundu wofunikira wa nkhani zongopeka zomwe Cervantes adayamba kale ndi Don Quixote ...
Mabuku 3 Olimbikitsidwa Kwambiri a Jack London:
Mng'oma woyera
Sichinthu chodziwikiratu, koma ndizowona kuti ambiri mwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto lokhumudwitsa chitukuko cha anthu pamapeto pake amazindikira agalu mfundo zomwe anthu amavutika nazo nthawi zambiri.
A Jack London adagwiritsa ntchito bukuli pofotokoza kuwopsa kwa mitundu ya anthu, pomwe ngakhale wokhulupirika ngati galu amatha kumadzutsa nyama yake yamkati kuti adziteteze ku malo ankhanza.
Pamapeto pake, mu chifundo chachikulu chomwe tingamve ngati galu wamtchire, tazindikira mkangano wobisika womwe udalipo pakati pa otukuka ndi achilengedwe, pakumva kuti munthu ali ngati mliri woyang'anira dziko lapansi amamvetsetsa bwino lomwe.
Nkhandwe
Nyanja ndi nyanja ndi chithunzi chawo chosatha chaulendo. Popeza munthu adatha kupanga chombo choti atenge nacho chidwi ndi ufulu komanso nthawi yomweyo kuyang'anira chilengedwe chakunja munyanja, idakhala chizindikiro chogwiritsa ntchito mabuku, makanema komanso nyimbo.
M'bukuli, ulendo wopita kunyanja umatipatsa kukakamizidwa pakati pa zabwino za moyo wamunthu ndi zoyipa zonse zomwe zimatha kukhala.
Pakati pa bwato lomwe linasweka Humprey ndi womupulumutsa, Captain Wolf Larsen, ubale wapakati umayamba. Pansi pa zokongola za kunyanja zakumpoto kwambiri, pomwe sitimayo siyimasiya kufunafuna zisindikizo, timakhala ndi mwayi wokhala pakati pa mbali yathu yowopsa kwambiri ndikulakalaka kwathu kuwomboledwa ndi dziko lapansi lomwe lidayimilira chifukwa cha kukongola kwake.
Chifukwa Humprey ndi Wolf nthawi zina amawoneka ngati maso ofanana chifukwa onse amawona malo omwewo omwe amawapangitsa kukhala opanda pake, pamaso pa kukhudzidwa komwe munthu amayesa kudzikulitsa mwa njira iliyonse.
Chitsulo chidendene
Kubwerera mu 1908 Jack London adasindikiza bukuli lomwe lidatengedwa ngati zandale zomwe zitha kutengedwa ngati nthano za olemba nthano atatu a dystopian: George Orwell, Bradbury o Aldous Huxley.
Chifukwa Jack London adalemba zopeka zoyambirira zosasangalatsa m'mbiri. Kuchokera mu 1908, Jack London adalongosola nkhani yake mpaka chaka cha 2600. Ndipo ndi chaka chomwecho tikukumana ndi Anthony Meredith, yemwenso amasangalatsidwa ndi buku lolembedwa ndi wolemba
Avis Everhard zaka makumi angapo zisanathe zaka za zana la makumi awiri, ndi boma la Iron Heel likugwira ntchito padziko lonse lapansi. Mwina wolemba sanakhale ndi zolinga zandale, ngakhale atadziwa bwino malingaliro aku Marxist aku Europe, koma chowonadi ndichakuti buku lake lidakhala chizindikiro cholimbana ndi capitalism mwamphamvu komanso mwanzeru zowopsa, zokhoza kupusitsa, kupanga nkhani komanso kugawa magulu osakondedwa kapena mayiko ... kodi zikumveka bwino?
