Muzinthu ndi mawonekedwe, Andre Gide Anabweretsa zotsutsana ku kukhalako kokwanira kwa zolemba, kutengera kukhazikika kwa malingaliro ndi mfundo zolimba mpaka kusintha kwakukulu. Zododometsa ndi kusamveka bwino ndiye tsogolo la ntchito ndi khalidwe. Ndipo kotero amatha kupanga njira yolimba pakati pa makhalidwe abwino ndi makhalidwe kuti afotokoze chifukwa chake kusintha.
Gide anasuntha zolemba m'njira yomweyo. Palibe cholakwika ndi kusintha, ndi kusintha khungu, monga njoka, kuyambira zilembozo ndizochulukirachulukira ndipo zimatsimikizika kwambiri zikafika potembenuka mothandizidwa ndi magulu omwe amatsogolera kusintha mkati kunja. Chifukwa chosemphana ndendende ndi njira yolunjika yopitilira mwankhanza kapena kusayenda.
Pakati pa chiyani zolemba komanso kuphulika kwachilendo kochokera pakupanga mawonekedwe ndikukonda zolemba za mbiri yakale, André Gide zolembedwa tengani ndi liwu lolondola la munthu woyamba kutengeka kwa nzeru zakutulukira, malingaliro otseguka ndi kukhudzika mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo mu zomwe zimakhulupirira ndi zomwe pamapeto pake zimapezeka. Ndipo ndikuti kusakhulupirika sikofanana ndi njira yanzeru yodziwira kutsutsana kwa Gide.
Mabuku atatu apamwamba odziwika ndi André Gide
Zolemba 1887-1910
M'maloto a megalomaniacal a umunthu uliwonse, zolemba zake zimayesa kukhala umboni wa chowonadi chake chachikulu, cha chifuniro chake kupitilira kapena kufafanizira machimo. Palibe chochita ndi zomwe ntchitoyi imakhala, yomangidwa kuchokera pakudzipereka ku moyo monga nkhani yomangika mpaka kumanda kotseguka kuchokera pamalingaliro, malingaliro, kulingalira ndi zilakolako zomwe zimasuntha zonse.
Zanenedwa kuti Diario André Gide anatenga mtundu wa mabuku apamtima kuti afotokoze bwino kwambiri, ndipo palibe kukayika kuti izi mwatsatanetsatane m'masiku ake zimatsegula chitseko chaboma komanso chinsinsi cha munthu wapakati pachikhalidwe chaku France ndi ku Europe kwazaka za zana la XNUMX.
M'masamba ake mumapezeka mbali zambiri komanso zotsutsana za wolemba: maphunziro ake Achipulotesitanti, njira yake ya Chikatolika, kukana kwake pambuyo pake, ukwati wake wosakwatirana ndi msuweni wake Madelaine, zonena zake zogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso malingaliro ake andale, kuphatikiza kutsutsa kwake. Stalinism ndi kutsutsa kwake kulowererapo kwa atsamunda aku France ku Africa. Gawo loyambali, lomwe limayamba ndi zolemba zomwe zidalembedwa ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, ndi chikalata cha maphunziro amalingaliro ndi aluntha la Gide, momwe wolemba wachinyamatayo amalemba zomwe adagwirizana ndi luso lake mpaka polemba mabuku ake ofunikira.
Chipata chopapatiza
Makhalidwe abwino. Gwero lalikulu la zotsutsana zonse. Kumene miyeso yosatheka imachitika pakati pa zomwe munthu akufuna kukhulupirira mogwirizana ndi malangizo a chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi zomwe amangomva. Kulankhula kulibe malo mu moyo wa munthu. Chifukwa chake chitseko chilichonse chopapatiza chimatha kumenyedwa ndi kupatukana, kudzutsa ululu wakale ndi kudziimba mlandu pomwe malo atsopano ofunikira kuchokera pamagalimoto apamtima amakhala.
Potchulidwapo ngati kuvomereza kwapamtima, buku lokongolali limatsutsa zolakwika za chikhalidwe chokhwima komanso choyera, chokhoza kukana malamulo achilengedwe ndi moyo. Jérôme Palissier ndi wachichepere ku Paris yemwe amakhala nthawi yotentha kunyumba ya amalume ake ku Normandy. Nthawi ina yotentha iye ndi msuweni wake Alissa amakondana kwambiri. Komabe, pang'onopang'ono amakhala wotsimikiza kuti mzimu wokonda wokondedwa wake uli pachiwopsezo; Kuti amupulumutse, asankha kuyenda njira yotsutsa komanso kudzikweza mwauzimu.
Wachiwerewere
Chilichonse chomwe chimaphatikizira kulowa m'masomphenya ophatikizika a zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi zabwino kapena zoyipa, ngati titamamatira kumalo achinsinsi kwambiri, zimatha kukhala m'manja mwa Gideya chombo chovutikira kwathunthu kuti owerenga azibisalira zilembo zodzaza ndi zovuta za tsiku ndi tsiku. .
Michel ndi munthu wamba, waluntha kwambiri mu chikhulupiriro cha Huguenot, wokwatiwa ndi msuweni wake Marceline, yemwe amamukonda mopanda chidwi. Chilichonse chimawoneka kuti chikuyenda bwino matenda akamamuika pafupi ndi imfa, momwe amapulumutsidwa ndi chisamaliro cha Marceline komanso chitsulo chake.
Pomwe amachira, malingaliro ake pa moyo amasinthidwa: amakhala wokonda zaumoyo wamthupi, zomwe amazizindikira ndi mphamvu, chidwi chomwe amachiona mwa achinyamata aku Biskra, mzinda wowala waku Algeria komwe wapita kukachira. Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri amasungunuka m'nyanja mwazinthu zake, zomwe zakhala mwala womenyera ufulu wake. Fanizo lachiyankhulo pakati pa chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe, komanso chinyezimiro chakuwonekera kwa ufulu wa munthu aliyense.
