Kuyanjana kwaulere kwa malingaliro ndi zomwe muli nazo. Nditangodziwa za buku latsopanoli ndi Anthony Garrido: «The garden of enigmas», ndinakumbukira kujambula mafuta kotchuka ndi Bosco. Inde, amene amasinthanitsa mwambi ndi zinthu zosangalatsa.
Idzakhala nkhani ya chisangalalo chofananira pakati pa utoto wotchuka ndi zolembalemba zolembedwa, ndani akudziwa?
Zolemba zapadera pambali, mfundo ndiyakuti pansi pachisindikizo Nyumba yosindikiza ya Espasa, kuyambira Novembala 26 tidzatha kusangalala ndi buku latsopano labwino lolembedwa ndi Antonio Garrido. Chiwembu chochititsa chidwi chokhala ndi zochitika za m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi chomwe chimatilowetsa mu magetsi ndi mithunzi ya dziko lodzipereka kwamakono, ndi chiaroscuro chomwe chimakhudza nkhani zokayikitsa.
«Munda wa Enigmas ndiwopatsa chidwi ku Victorian London, wolimbikitsidwa ndi zochitika zodabwitsa zozungulira chiwonetsero chachikulu cha World World's 1851.
Rick Hunter, mlenje wololera komanso wakale wamdima, ndi Daphne Loveray, katswiri wamasamu wonyansa, nyenyezi munkhani yodzaza ndiumbanda iyi, momwe amayenera kufotokozera opha anthuwa pomwe panali mafakitale aku London.
Pakatikati, ntchito zachinsinsi za Foreing Office ndi chilankhulo chodabwitsa chomasulira, chomwe chidatengedwa kuchokera kwa amayi aku Turkey, omwe adachita chiwembu chachikulu.
Pakati pa zenizeni ndi zopeka
Zolemba zakale za bukuli zimatifikitsa ku London miyezi ingapo chisanachitike chikondwerero cha Universal Exhibition, mng'oma wa ogwira ntchito ndi makina omwe amagwira nawo ntchito nthawi kuti amalize ntchitoyo munthawi yake.
M'malo odabwitsazi, omwe akutitsogolera adzakumana ndi mikangano yowopsa yokhudzana ndi ndale ndi miyambo ya a Victoria, monga Opium Wars pakati pa Britain Britain ndi China wapamwamba, mthunzi wa East India Company ngati wosewera woipa monsemo. .
Pamodzi ndi otchulidwawo, tidzapeza anthu enieni kuchokera paulendowu, monga a Lord John Russell, Prime Minister, kapena a Lord Henry Palmerston, Secretary of Foreign, omwe adzafunikire kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zanenedwa.
Chilankhulo cha maluwa
Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi ya a Victoria, pomwe machitidwe okhwima amalepheretsa kuwonetsa zokonda, maluwa adakhala njira yabwino yotumizira mauthenga. Mfumu Charles II yaku England idakhazikitsa malamulo ake omwe adalimbikitsidwa ndi gulu lachifumu ku Turkey, ndipo idalangiza banja la a Hartford ku Edinburgh, omwe amadzisamalira okha, zamatsenga.
Kwa zaka mazana awiri, a Hartfords mobisa adasunga "chinsinsi cha maluwa," mpaka mayi wamasiye Hellen Hartford atasamukira ku London kuti akayendere Passion of the Orient, chipinda chamaluwa chomwe olemekezeka angasankhe kutulutsa mauthenga osalimbikitsa. Chifukwa chake, pansi pamaluwa ake achilendo, nkhani zoyipa kwambiri zakusilira ndi kugonana zidayamba kufalikira kumaphwando apamwamba a Kensington Palace.
Koma osati mauthenga amtunduwu okha ...
Misonkho ku nkhani yayikulu yaku Chingerezi ya XNUMXth century
Pali zovuta zenizeni zenizeni za Oliver TwistKufotokozera kwa Dickens za moyo ku London underworld. Komanso mwa anthu ambiri, omwe aweruzidwa kuti azikhala moyipa ndikufa moyipa mumzinda womwe makoswe amayenda momasuka ndipo ana amasiya kukhala atangosiya kuyamwa.
Kuchokera kwa bwenzi labwino la dickens, Mapazi a Wilkie -kuchokera Mwala wamwezi- imwani chimodzi mwazinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri m'buku lino. Ikuchokera ku India wachikoloni, munkhani zomwe zimaphatikiza ulemu wamfumu komanso kuwonongeka kwa zida zaboma ndi matemberero olumikizidwa ndi miyambo yakale yachihindu.
Conan doyle y Defoe, zikuwoneka kuti zikuwoneka ndi zilembo ziwiri zosiyana kwambiri:
Rick Hunter, protagonist, wapanga luso lowonera komanso kuchotsera modus vivendi; Zowonadi, popanda kuthekera kotere akadamwalira kale m'modzi mwazinthu zomwe amakumana nazo ngati mlenje wololera. Mbiri yake yamunthu imatulutsanso madontho ochepa a Count Monte Cristo, kuchokera Alexander dumas.
Kumbali yake, Memento waluso ali ndi china chake cha a Robinson Crusoe: amakhala mokhalokha ndipo amapanga zida zomwe zimamuthandiza kuti akhale m'nkhalango zamatawuni.
Pomaliza, zokambirana pakati pa Rick ndi Daphne ndi malo ogulitsira amaluwa, minda ya Cremorne ndi nyumba zachifumu zikukondwerera nzeru, nzeru, ndi kukometsa kwa ena mwa olemba mabuku abwino kwambiri theka loyamba la XNUMXth century, ndi Austen ndi Charlotte akutsogolera.
Chithunzi chosangalatsa cha otchulidwa
RZamgululi HUNTER
Kodi Rick Hunter ndi ndani? Ndi zinsinsi zanji zamdima zobisika pansi pazodziwika zabodzazo? Nchifukwa chiyani torso yako ili ndi zipsera? Ndipo tsopano, ndichifukwa chiyani munthu wophunzira ngati iye amagwira ntchito ngati mlenje wochulukira, wolumikizidwa ndi munthu wopanda nzeru ngati Joe Sanders?
Pali mafunso ambiri kuposa zowonadi mu umunthu wa Rick. Tikudziwa kuti mukufuna kubwezera munthu amene adakupweteketsani mtima m'mbuyomu; yemwe ali ndi chidziwitso chodabwitsa cha botany; amene amadana ndi olemera; kuti ndiwokongola komanso womenya bwino nkhondo, komanso kuti ku India adasiya zochulukirapo m'moyo wake. Bukuli limanenedwa mwa munthu wachitatu, limayang'ana kwambiri za iye.
Daphne LKUDZIWA KWAMBIRI
Wokongola komanso wodabwitsa, maso ake abuluu owala amawunikira zonse zomwe amayang'ana. Ndiwodziwika bwino yemwe samakonda kusakanikirana ndi anthu wamba kuti asangalale ndi moyo. Mwamuna wake amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zojambula zake kuposa iye. Iye ndi mkazi patsogolo pa nthawi yake: wotukuka, polyglot, wodziwa masamu ... komanso wowolowa manja mu chikondi ndi kugonana.
Amabisanso zinsinsi zomwe zitha kupha. Mgwirizano wanu ndi Ofesi Yachilendo Ndi mmodzi wa iwo. Chida chomwe chimabisika nthawi zonse ndi china. Amatani?
JOE SAnders
Ndiwabwana a Rick - osati mnzake - amatenga gawo lalikulu kwambiri la mphotho zomwe amapeza kuposa momwe amachitira. Popanda Joe, Rick sakanakhala akuchita malondawo. Ndi munthu wonenepa, wakuda, wonenepa. Rick amamuda, amadana ndi nkhanza zake, nkhanza zake komanso chidwi chake pa ndalama. Komabe, muyenera kumusamalira, monga a Joe amadziwa zambiri zam'mbuyomu kuposa momwe Rick amadziwa.
MEMENT MOliyi
Mnzake yekhayo wa Rick. Ndi bambo wa zaka zapakati, amakhala mndende ina ku Southwark Correctional Warehouse, akugwira ntchito ndimakina. Amakhala ndi moyo wokonza, kukonza, kusintha, ndikupanga zida zamagetsi zomwe amagulitsa kumisonkhano. Maonekedwe ake ndi amanjenje ochokera kutulo. Kuphulika kudasokoneza nkhope yake, ndikumusiya wopanda zikope, komwe amayesa kubisala pansi pa magalasi amdima.
HELLEN HZOKUTHANDIZANI
Mwini wamaluwa "Chilakolako chakummawa”, Ndi wamasiye wonenepa yemwe ali ndi khalidwe losasinthasintha, yemwe amakhala ndi nkhawa chifukwa cha vuto lomwe amakana kukambirana ndi aliyense. Mwapatsidwa mwayi wa maluwa a Grand Show, koma zikhala zovuta.
AMBUYE BRADBURY
Wabizinesi, wopereka mphatso zachifundo komanso munthu yemwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri m'boma. Ngakhale anali ndi zovuta zoyenda, amadziwa zonse zomwe zimaphikidwa ku Britain komanso kumadera. Mnzake wa malemu Mr. Hartford, wathandiza wamasiye wake kupeza mgwirizano wake ndi Great Exhibition. Ndiotetezanso a Daphne Loveray mu yachilendoOffice.
GUTAV GWothamanga
Consul waku Germany, mlangizi wa Prince Albert, mwamuna wa Mfumukazi Victoria, komanso woyang'anira chitetezo ku Crystal Palace, malo omwe chiwonetsero cha World chidzachitike. Komabe, onse a Rick ndi a Daphne amakhulupirira kuti munthu wonyada ameneyu amabisa zina zomwe sazivomereza.
PNKHANI
Wothandizira malo ogulitsa maluwa Chilakolako chakummawa, amabisa zakale zomangiriza, popeza anali hule. Wowoneka wopanda pake, ali ndi zotupa m'kamwa komanso mano owonongeka, zotsatira za kusadya bwino, ukhondo komanso, matenda ena, ndi miseche komanso munthu wabwino.
KARUM DASWANI
Wabizinesi waku India yemwe amachita bizinesi ku London. Ndi m'modzi mwa omwe amayang'anira nyumba yachifumu ku Great Exhibition. Maonekedwe ake ndi owoneka bwino, wamtali komanso wamatsenga. Kuphatikiza pa mabizinesi ake odziwika bwino, amakhala ndi opium den ndi nyumba yachiwerewere, a ndi Omwe akuluakulu ake ndi amalonda odziwika ndi makasitomala.
London, yopitilira gawo
Mu 1850, London idasintha kwambiri zomwe zingapangitse kukhala mzinda wofunikira kwambiri padziko lapansi kwazaka zikubwerazi. Panthawiyo, unali kale mzinda waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso likulu la Ufumu wamphamvu kwambiri.
Mphamvu yake idakopa anthu mazana masauzande ochokera konsekonse ku UK ndi madera. Kuchuluka kwa anthu kumeneku kunayambitsa mliri wa kolera. Chaposachedwa kwambiri, mu 1848, chidapha anthu opitilira 14.
Kukula kwa mzindawo kudagwa misewu ina yomwe sinathe kuyendetsa magalimoto, nyama ndi anthu. Izi zidapangitsa kuti kukhazikitsidwa njanji zomwe Rick Hunter akutiuza.
Chochitika chachikulu pakadali pano chinali chikondwerero cha Universal Exhibition yoyamba, yomwe likulu lake linali Crystal Palace ku Hyde Park. Dzinalo limadziwika kuti Great Exhibition of the Works of the Industry of All Nations. Prince Albert, mwamuna wa Mfumukazi Victoria, adamulimbikitsa pambuyo poyendera chiwonetsero cha mafakitale ku Paris. Cholinga chake chinali chiwonetsero cha chidwi komanso kupanga padziko lonse lapansi komanso kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro aukadaulo, kapangidwe ka mafakitale, malonda, ubale wapadziko lonse lapansi ndi zokopa alendo, chodabwitsa chomwe chikukula.
Kulumikizana koyamba kwa owerenga ndi London kumachitika mdera la Zojambula zisanu ndi ziwiri, m'dera la Covent Garden, panthawiyo, pakati pa malo oopsa kwambiri mumzinda.
Wolemba maluwa Chilakolako chakummawa Zikuwoneka kuti zili m'chigawo cha Bayswater. Mosiyana ndi madera ena aku London, panthawiyo inali yofanana ndi tawuni yaying'ono yamtendere momwe oyandikana nawo adatha kuletsa kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko kuwononga bata la miyoyo yawo.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira pachiwembucho ndi Cremorne Gardens, komwe Daphne ndi Rick amakumana kwambiri. Ili m'mbali mwa mtsinje wa Thames, mindayo idakhala zaka zokongola pakati pa 1845 ndi 1877. Atadutsa m'manja angapo, adakhala minda yotseguka kwa anthu onse, yokhala ndi malo odyera akulu, maholo ovina, zokopa zosiyanasiyana komanso baluni yotentha yochokera ku kuti mutha kulingalira za chithunzi chachikulu cha mzindawo.
Tithandizanso kudutsa ndende zina zotchuka komanso masitima apamtunda angapo - angapo omwe akumangidwa.
Mwa likulu la ufumuwo, nyumba yakunja ndi Commonwealth Office, ku St. James's Park, ndi hotelo yapamwamba komanso yapadera ya Mirvart, yomwe tsopano ndi hotelo yotchuka ya Claridege, imadziwika pa Brook Street, mdera la Mayfair.
Zochitika zakale
Tinafotokoza kale zina mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri munthawiyo. Komabe, kuti tisangalale ndi bukuli, tiyenera kuyika zochitika za Rick ndi Daphne m'njira zambiri.
Ntchito zankhondo zaku Britain East India Company zidatsegulidwa, m'zaka za zana la 1842, zipata za India. M'zaka za zana la 1841, kampaniyo ngati chikwangwani, aku Britain adayesera kufalikira kudera lonse la India kufunafuna zopangira ndi misika yatsopano yomwe amapanga. Mu 1839 gulu lankhondo la Anglo-Indian lidasokonekera pa Nkhondo ya Gandamak, Afghanistan. Pakadali pano, Ceylon ndi Burma adalumikizana ndi madera aku Britain ku Asia, komwe Hong Kong idawonjezeredwa, mu 1842, pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yoyamba ya Opium, yomwe idachitika pakati pa XNUMX ndi XNUMX. Pali maumboni angapo okhudza izi mu Munda wazophiphiritsa.
England yomwe tidapita nthawi yowerenga idakhala mu nthawi yotchedwa ya Victoria, yomwe idafikira pachimake pa Revolution Yachuma ndi Ufumu waku Britain. Inali nthawi yayitali kwambiri yodziwika ndi ulamuliro wa Victoria I, kuyambira 1837 mpaka 1901. M'zaka makumi amenewo, kusintha kwakukulu pachikhalidwe, ndale komanso chikhalidwe.
Chiwerengero cha Rick chimapereka ulemu kwa gulu lochita upainiya lamakono, Bow Street Corridors, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mu 1749 ndi woweruza milandu komanso wolemba mabuku Henry Fielding. Mu 1829, a London Metropolitan Police, otchuka ku Scotland Yard, adabadwa. Magulu onse awiriwa adakhalapo mpaka 1838, pomwe adalumikizana.
Rick akuloza kale kuwonekera kwapafupi kwa ofufuza achinsinsi, omwe akhala akugwira ntchito ku France kuyambira ma 1830, chifukwa cha wapolisi wakale wakale Eugène-François Vidocq.
Makhalidwe a Daphne Loveray adalimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndi katswiri wamasamu waku Britain a Augusta Ada King, Countess wa Lovelace, wodziwika bwino monga Ada Lovelace, mwana wanzeru komanso wokongola wa Lord Byron. Ngakhale chinyengo cha nthawiyo, azimayi anali atayamba kukwaniritsa zina ndi zina m'makalata, ngakhale sizinali zambiri pankhani yasayansi.
Mukutha tsopano kugula buku la The Garden of Enigmas, buku latsopano la Antonio Garrido, apa: