Susan Sontag anali mlembi wotchuka wa ku America wa chiyambi cha Chiyuda, gulu losankhidwa koma lambiri la osimba nkhani zoyambira Chihebri zomwe adawabisa kuyambira m'nthawi yake. Philip Roth mmwamba Paul auster, kudutsa ma greats ena ambiri opangidwa ku USA.
Kuyesera kukonza Susan Sontag mumtundu wina ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, chifukwa muufulu wopanga womwe wolemba uyu adawonetsa, titha kupeza zotsutsana ndi zida zina zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti akuchita ngati wolemba wolimbikitsa kwambiri kuposa zomwe adakonzekera kale.
Koma pamapeto pake, mwa mlengi aliyense mutha kulingalira mzerewu, cholinga, kufuna kunena nkhani ndi kutsimikiza kwa mzimu kuyika zakuda pazanzeru zoyera komanso zoyendetsa zofunika.
Pamapeto pake, tikupeza m'mabuku a Sontag malingaliro osatha pakati pa filosofi yofunika kwambiri komanso kukhudzika kwamalingaliro komwe kumakhala ndi chidziwitso chazomwe zimayika munthuyo pachimake pazonse zomwe zidamupangitsa kukhala "wothandizira" nthawi yake pachikhalidwe, chikhalidwe komanso ndale.
Mabuku Otchuka 3 Opangidwa ndi Susan Sontag
Za kujambula
Mosakayikira, kujambula kunali chinthu chopangidwa mwapadera komwe kulipo. Sikuti zikutanthauza kusintha kwa dziko muukadaulo, koma mwa munthu. Mfundo yakuti nthawi yomweyo ikhoza kutengedwa kaamba ka mbadwa ndi kutengeka kwamatsenga kuja komwe kumadutsana ndi zosayembekezereka ndi zomwe zimatitsogolera kukonzanso zomwe zachitika kale ndi kulemera kwa zikumbukiro zopangidwa kukhala zithunzi.
Lingaliro lina lofananalo lingaganizidwe, mwa ena ambiri, ndi Susan Sontag kuti afikire bukhu loyambirira ili lomwe limadutsa pakati pa njira ndi zotsatira, pakati pa makina omwe amajambula kumwetulira ndi thunthu la kumwetulira kumafikiranso kwa iwo omwe amalingalira chithunzithunzi mphindi ina iliyonse pambuyo pake. .
Za kujambula, lofalitsidwa koyamba mu 1973, inali ntchito yosinthira kutsutsa kwazithunzi. Ndili ndi iye, a Susan Sontag adadzutsa mafunso osathawika, mwamakhalidwe komanso mosangalatsa, za maluso awa. Pali zithunzi kulikonse; Ali ndi mphamvu zotikhudza, kutikakamiza kapena kunyengerera, atha kuyambitsa chisangalalo kapena atha kukhala chikumbutso, ndipo amakhala ngati umboni wotsutsana nafe kapena pakati kuti atizindikire. M'mitu isanu ndi umodzi yozindikira iyi, Sontag amadabwa momwe kupezeka kwazithunzizi kumakhudzira momwe timaonera dziko lapansi, komanso momwe tidalira kuti tizipanga zenizeni komanso ulamuliro.
Ponena za zowawa za ena
Palibe china chomvetsa chisoni kuposa kuyesa kufika pamalo omwewo pomwe ululu umatuluka, pomwe lupanga limakwapula sekondi iliyonse yomwe imayenda pakati pamaora owawa komanso osatha.
Ndipo inde, palibe wina wabwino kuposa Goya kuti awonetsere, mu gawo lake lachiwiri, ululu umenewo unapanga kaphatikizidwe pakati pa moyo wake wosautsika ndi kufooka kwake kunamveka chifukwa cha kusamva kwake. Palibe munthu wofanana ndi wojambula wa ku Aragon yemwe angasonyeze ululu wake wachifundo, wobisika pakati pa masoka ankhondo, zowawa za anthu monga zoopsa. Zomvetsa chisoni zimaganiziridwa ndi aliyense monga momwe moyo umanenera. Funso ndi momwe timadziyikira tokha pamene ululu uli mbali inayo, mkati mwa mnansi.
Zaka makumi awiri mphambu zisanu pambuyo pake Za kujambulaSusan Sontag adabwereranso ku kafukufuku wowonetsa zankhondo komanso zachiwawa. Kodi kuwonekera kwa kuzunzika kwa ena kumatikhudza bwanji? Kodi tazolowera nkhanza? Kuti muchite izi, wolemba amafufuza mndandanda wa Goya Masoka achilengedwe, zithunzi za nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku America komanso ndende zozunzirako anthu ku Nazi, komanso zithunzi zoopsa zaku Bosnia, Sierra Leone, Rwanda, Israel ndi Palestine, komanso New York City pa Seputembara 11, 2001. Ku Ponena za zowawa za ena, Susan Sontag akupereka chithunzi chosangalatsa cha momwe nkhondo ikuchitikira (ndikumvetsetsa) m'masiku athu ano.
Matenda ndi mafanizo awo
Sitinakhalepo mtundu wotetezedwa, osazindikira matenda akulu, tizirombo kapena miliri. Ngakhale tikukhulupirira kuti tili ndi mayendedwe atsopano momwe zoipa zamtundu wa matenda zimabwerera. Kapenanso ndichinthu chomwe tiyenera kuganiza monga izi, kupita chitsogolo ngakhale ndi chilichonse.
Mutayandikira mabuku a Susan Sontag kangapo, mumazindikira zachilendo zakusintha masamba pakati pa zenizeni zomwe zidasandulika kukhala mabuku osangalatsa. Pamwambowu, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wamayanjano onyansa a coronavirus, chilichonse chimatenga lingaliro lalikulu la bukuli kukhala lamoyo.
Ndipo komabe, m'nkhaniyo timapezanso nzeru za anthropological za matendawa, zotsalira zofunika za psychology, zizindikiro za malingaliro ophatikizana poyang'anizana ndi tsoka la zofooka zathu ... Bukuli limabweretsa pamodzi zolembazo, Matenda ndi mafanizo awo y Edzi ndi mafanizo ake.
Susan Sontag analemba Matenda ndi mafanizo awo mu 1978, pamene anali kulimbana ndi khansa. M'bukuli ankafuna kusonyeza mmene nthano za matenda, makamaka khansa, kuwonjezera ululu kuvutika odwala ndipo nthawi zambiri kuwalepheretsa kupeza chithandizo choyenera. Pafupifupi zaka khumi pambuyo pake, ndikutuluka kwa matenda osalidwa atsopano komanso odzaza ndi zosatsimikizika komanso "zongopeka zolanga," Sontag adalemba. Edzi ndi mafanizo ake, kukulitsa mfundo za buku la mliri wa Edzi chisanachitike.
Ndemanga imodzi pa "Mabuku atatu abwino kwambiri a Susan Sontag"