Ndizofunikira kudziwa momwe anthu akupezeranso malo awo okonda maphunziro pomwe ukadaulo ukupita patsogolo komanso Nzeru zochita kupanga zoluka (kapena zobisalira) ngati chinthu kubwera kudzatiloŵa m’malo monga anthu opindulitsa m’mbali zambiri. Ndipo sindikunena za chikhalidwe cha anthu ngati maphunziro, pomwe nkhaniyi ili pachiwopsezo. Komanso ndi nkhani ya ntchito. Chifukwa ambiri ndi makampani akuluakulu aukadaulo omwe amalakalaka ogwira ntchito omwe amatha kufikira pomwe makina amangolota (kugwedeza mutu Philip K Dick ndi ma androids ake akulota nkhosa zamagetsi).
Timasiyidwa ndi luso komanso kuganiza mozama, malingaliro ovuta a zinthu ndi kuyendayenda kapena kulingalira kwa malingaliro ngati malo osafikirika ndi makina (Ay si asimov kapena zina zakutali monga Wells adzawona masiku ano ...). Chifukwa chake, chowonadi chosiyana, chenjezo ndi filosofi yotere ndizofunikira pothawirako masiku ano. Loboti sidzadabwa komwe ikuchokera komanso komwe ikupita. Timatero.
Philosophy, filosofi… Ndipo ine ndikugwira mawu olemba zopeka za sayansi. Zidzakhala bwanji? Mwina chifukwa chosavuta timagwirizanitsa filosofi ndi Thales waku Mileto kapena Nietzsche pamene tikudzutsa choyimira cha Blade Runner kupeza gawo la moyo wake, kufotokozera munthu zonse zomwe adaziwona ndikuti zidzatayika pokumbukira ma byte ngati misozi yamvula ...
Pano ndikubweretsa mabuku angapo a oganiza bwino (tsopano tikupita kwa afilosofi). Sikuti onse omwe alipo sadzakhala onse omwe ali. Ambiri a inu mudzaphonya zachikale, maziko a chirichonse. Koma filosofi ili ngati chirichonse, nkhani ya kukoma. Pali omwe Kant akuwoneka kuti sangawapeze (ndikulembetsa) ndipo amakhulupirira kuti zonse za Plato sizingakhale zopindulitsa kwambiri kwa ophunzira a Socrates. Tiyeni tipite kumeneko, oganiza zaufulu ...
Mabuku 3 apamwamba kwambiri afilosofi
Anatero Zaratrusta, wolemba Nietzsche
Pepani, ndine wokhulupirira wodzipereka ku Nietzsche ndipo ndikumvetsetsa kuti ntchitoyi iyenera kuwerengedwa ndi aliyense amene angayesere kuyang'ana zamatsenga, epistemiological kapena kukumbukira komwe makiyi asiyidwa. Njira iliyonse yokayikitsa pang'ono yopitilira muyeso iyenera kukoka maunyolo a ego okongoletsedwa ndi malingaliro ngati chitsutso, mikhalidwe ngati nangula ndi chikhalidwe chakukhala ngati maziko. Ndiye superman yemwe ife tonse tiri naye mkati akhoza kulakalaka kupeza fungulo. Ndiyeno palibe amene adzatikhulupirire. Tidzakhala ma homo atsopano a Ecce akulira ndi chowonadi chathu monga chopanda kanthu.
Ndiyenera kuvomereza kuti pamene ndinali ndi bukhu loyamba la Nietzsche ili m’manja mwanga, chinachake chonga mtundu wa ulemu chinandiukira, monga ngati kuti ndinali ndi bukhu lina lopatulika patsogolo panga, limene bibilia kwa okhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu linatsimikiza kuleka kukhala tero. Izi za superman zinandikhudza ine, zokhazikika, zodalirika, zolimbikitsa ..., koma nthawi zina zinkamvekanso kwa ine ngati zifukwa za munthu wogonjetsedwa, wosatha kuthawira kumalo opanda kanthu.
Chidule: Kumene amasonkhanitsa ngati mawonekedwe aphorism ofunikira nzeru zake, zopangidwa kuti apange superman. Zanenedwa kuti motero Spoke Zarathustra amatha kutengedwa ngati wotsutsana ndi Baibulo, ndipo ndi buku lapa bedi kwa iwo omwe amafunafuna Choonadi, Chabwino ndi Choipa.
Nkhani pa njira, yolembedwa ndi René Descartes
Kusabweretsa Descartes ku mabuku osankhidwa a filosofi kuli ngati kupanga omelet ya mbatata popanda anyezi, kunyoza. Ngati Descartes anatipatsa ife chiyambi cha kuganiza monga axiom ya kukhalapo, tikhoza kutsimikizira kuti Descartes anayamba pachiyambi ndi sayansi pragmatism. Zaka zowala kuchokera ku Nietzsche, ku Descartes kuli nzeru zaubwenzi, kudalira nzeru kuti ayang'ane njira iliyonse kuchokera pano ndi apo, kuchokera kudziko lino kapena kuchokera kumunda wa malingaliro ...
Cartesianism idamwalira kalekale. Lingaliro la Descartes, komabe, lipulumuka ndipo lidzakhalapo bola ngati ufulu woganiza ulipo ngati chitsogozo cha kulingalira. Mfundo imeneyi imapanga nthano yokoma kwambiri yomwe munthu angapeŵe, ndipo chifukwa cha umunthu, makamaka, kwa Descartes ndipo, makamaka, ku ntchito ziwiri zomwe owerenga ali nazo m'manja mwake. Kuwerenga Descartes ndi imodzi mwazochita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri kuti mukhalebe ndi moyo chidwi chofunikira kwambiri chanzeru zamakono: kukayikira kotheratu, kukayikira ngati poyambira chidziwitso chenicheni.
Komabe, kuyenera kwakukulu kwa zomwe zimachitika kukhala woyamba kukhala woganiza bwino m'mbiri ya filosofi, kwakhala kutsutsa kwake kwamalingaliro olimba mtima. Palibe chilichonse chomwe chingavomerezedwe kutengera ulamuliro uliwonse. ngwazi imeneyi ya maganizo amakono, m'mawu a Hegel, watsogolera filosofi m'njira movuta anazindikira kale, molimba mtima, kuziika m'mawu a Dalembert, kuphunzitsa mitu yabwino kugwedeza goli la scholasticism, maganizo, Ulamuliro; m'mawu amodzi, tsankho ndi nkhanza ndipo, ndi kupanduka kumeneku komwe zipatso zake tikusonkhanitsa lero, zapangitsa nzeru kukhala yofunika kwambiri mwina kuposa zonse zomwe zili ndi olowa m'malo olemekezeka a Descartes.
Capital ndi Karl Marx
Chifukwa cha kufunikira kwake pazachikhalidwe cha anthu, ndikukhulupirira kuti malingaliro a Kant amalozera ku filosofi yofunikira kwambiri yachitukuko chathu. Dongosolo lachitukuko cha anthu ndi mgwirizano wosainidwa womwe umatilola kuti tipewe mikangano potengera demokalase, kufanana ndi zonse zopanda pakezi. Ndipo nkuti Marx adachita mwakufuna kwawo pamutu wa proletariat. Koma zobisalirazo zidakwaniritsidwa. Dongosolo lalikulu linali loti aliyense asangalale kuti adutse ...
Amadziwika kuti ndi mbambande ya Marx. Kuti muthane ndi mdani wanu, ndikofunikira kuti mumudziwe ... Ndipo ndichifukwa chake bukuli limamveka ndi cholinga chofuna kusokoneza chuma chandale, ndikutanthauza kuti cholinga ichi chimati ndale ndi zachuma nthawi zonse zimayendera limodzi.
Dzanja losaoneka la Adam Smith limafunikira dzanja lina la bambo waboma yemwe amadziwa kuwongolera zochulukirapo za mwana wopanda nzeru monga msika. Ndi ntchito yolembedwa zaka ziwiri koma yomalizidwa ndi Engels kudzera pakuphatikiza komwe kunamutengera zaka 9 atamwalira Marx.
Chowonadi ndichakuti ntchitoyi pamakampani azachipembedzo omwe ali patsogolo pake omwe Marx adawonekera ndichimodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri pazachinyengo zomwe zilipo munjira iliyonse yopindulitsa, pamalingaliro komanso chidwi chokha chokha chokwaniritsa zokhumba.
Mwaukadaulo waluso kwambiri, komabe, zimaperekanso tsatanetsatane wa tsatanetsatane, kuwunika kwachinsinsi kwa dongosolo la capitalism ...
Mabuku ena osangalatsa a filosofi ...
Pamwamba pa nsanja iyi ya ntchito zanthanthi zapadziko lonse lapansi, pali filosofi yomwe imatembenukira ku nthano zopeka komanso zomwe zimafotokozera zomwe zilipo za otchulidwa komanso opitilira muyeso pamalingaliro ofotokozera. Ndipo ndikwabwinonso kusangalala ndi filosofiyo idasinthidwa kukhala fanizo. Ndabwera, timapita kumeneko ndi mabuku atatu abwino a filosofi ...
Diary of a Seducer, yolembedwa ndi Soren Kierkegaard
Bukuli litha kuonedwa ngati kalambulabwalo wa olemba ambiri omwe adatsimikiza kupereka mwa anthu awo zowonera za umunthu zomwe zili pansi pa visceral, ngakhale psychosomatic.
Ndipo pazokha, kuwonjezera pa kufunika kwake, ndikuwunikira poyamba. Kumbuyo kwa mutuwu ndi mawonekedwe a buku la rozi, pali nkhani yamphamvu yokhudza chikondi, chilakolako, komanso kuthekera kwake kusintha zenizeni. Ndipo, zowona, palibe chabwino kwa woganiza zakuya kwa Kierkegaard kuposa kunyamuka ndi kusowa kwa chikondi komwe angalembeko nkhaniyo. Chifukwa chilichonse chimayamba kuchokera ku chimodzi mwa chikondi chenichenicho ndi mabala awo.
Juan ndi Cordelia ndi okonda nkhaniyi. Chilakolako cha Juan chobisika ngati chikondi chimabisa malingaliro onse anzeru za chiwembucho, pomwe Cordelia amakumana ndi zovuta zachikondi, mawu omwe adasiyidwa kale ndi olemba atsopano a nthawiyo. Juan ndi kudutsa kwake padziko lonse lapansi popanda mafunso akulu kuposa zosowa zake zomwe amakonda kwambiri. Juan ndi zoyendetsa zomwe zimamusuntha m'masiku ake. Mwina chimwemwe koma ndithu umbuli. Kulemera kwa kudutsa muzochitika ngati kanthu kapena kuyesa kumvetsetsa zomwe ziri zoona kupitirira siteji ya moyo.
Dziko la Sofia lolemba Jostein Gaarder
Ndikutanthauza kuti ndikusintha pomwe nkhani za ana kapena achinyamata ndizongowerenga chabe, bukuli lidakhala logulitsidwa nthawi yomweyo pomwe chikhalidwe chake chosatha, lingaliro lake lakale, chidaganiziridwa. wa Kalonga Wamng'ono kapena Nkhani yopanda malire.
Aliyense wa iwo chosintha prism yake ya mabuku kwa mibadwo ang'onoang'ono otembenuzidwa kukhala maziko a mbiri ya mabuku anamvetsa ku chakudya cha dziko loyamba kuphunzira. Sofia wosayiwalika amawoneka ngati munthu wotseguka popanda mikhalidwe ku chidziwitso, chidziwitso. Kalata yomwe imamaliza kumusunthira ku chidziwitso cha dziko lapansi ndi kalata yomweyi yomwe tonse timapeza panthawi ina m'miyoyo yathu, ndi mafunso ofanana okhudza choonadi chenichenicho cha chirichonse.
Kukhudza kwachinsinsi kwa bukuli kunali mawu osatsutsika kwa owerenga achichepere, fanizo la zochitika zake lidakopa akulu ena ambiri otseguka pakupulumutsidwa kwa munthu woyamba kuwululidwa kudziko komwe tidakumana ndi zamatsenga kuti tibwerere ku mafunso akale omwe sitinayambepo. yankhani zonse. Kuganiza zomwe tili komanso mathero athu ndikuyambanso kopitilira. Ndipo Sofia, chizindikiro cha etymological cha nzeru, ndife tonse.
Nausea, wolemba Jean Paul Sartre
Kuchotsa buku pamutuwu kumayembekezera chisokonezo chamunthu, chisokonezo chowoneka bwino. Kuti tikhale, tikhale, ndife chiyani? Awa simafunso omwe aponyedwa nyenyezi usiku wowala bwino.
Funso limalowera mkati, kulinga kwa zomwe ife eni tikhoza kuyang'ana mumdima wakuda wamoyo. Antoine Roquetin, protagonist wa bukuli sakudziwa kuti ali ndi funso lodziwikiratu, lodzikakamiza kuti lidziwonekere lokha ndi mafunso ake ovuta. Antoine akupitiliza ndi moyo wake, zovuta zake monga wolemba komanso wofufuza. Nausea ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri yomwe funso limakhala ngati tili kwenikweni, kupitirira machitidwe athu ndi zizolowezi zathu.
Wolemba Antoine kenako amakhala Antoine wafilosofi yemwe amafunafuna yankho komanso amene amadzimva kuti ndiwoperewera koma wopanda malire, wosungulumwa komanso kufunika kokhala ndi chimwemwe.
Kusanza kumatha kulamuliridwa chizungulire chamoyo chisanachitike, koma zotsatira zake zimakhalabe ... Ili kukhala buku lake loyamba, koma ali ndi zaka makumi atatu, zimamveka kuti kukhwima kwamalingaliro, filosofi ikukula, kukhumudwa kwa anthu kumawonjezeka, kukhalapo kunkawoneka. chiwonongeko chabe. Kukoma kwina kwa Nietzsche kumatuluka pakuwerenga uku.
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