Timapita kumeneko ndi wophunzira wapamwamba kwambiri wa Freud. Ndipo ndani yemwe adamuposa m'maluso ake olumikizirana akuwonetsedwa m'mabuku ambiri abwino. Ndikutanthauza kumene Erich Fromm. Wolemba yemwe, kudzera muzolemba zake komanso kufalitsa kwakukulu, athandizira, ndikupitilizabe lero, mwayi woyandikira ku zomwe kwenikweni ndi nzeru za anthu. Chifukwa chilichonse chimakhala mu awiriwa.
Psychology imakhazikitsidwa ndi nzeru zathu zamoyo zosintha pang'ono pang'ono pamachitidwe. Ndipo malo omwe tidagawana nawo ndi malo achonde kwambiri amalingaliro, zochitika, mafashoni ndi mtundu wina uliwonse wakunja.
Kotero werengani zambiri za ntchito zazikulu za Fromm, ndikuti kutsimikizika kwaumunthu kumawonjezeredwa nthawi zonse ngati chitetezo kutetezedwa, akuganiza kuti chifuniro chofuna kudziwa zenizeni ndikupondereza dothi, lachidziwitso ndi chosokoneza chinafika ngati phokoso lakunja. Choposa zonse ndikuti chilankhulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabuku ake, kulongosola bwino pakati pamawu ndi tanthauzo kapena kumasulira m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.
Okhulupirira mwamphamvu ma postulates a Marx monga dongosolo labwino lolinganirana motsutsana ndi kudzikonda komwe kumafunsidwa ndi ulamuliro wodziyimira pawokha wodziyimira ngati capitalism.
Kupangitsa kuti malo oyamba azachikhalidwewa azigwirizana (osagwirizana ndi chikominisi chovomerezeka) ndi psychoanalysis ngati njira yokhoza kuthana ndi gawo lina lofunikira mdziko lililonse: munthuyo, ntchito yake pamapeto pake imadzaza ndi malingaliro otchedwa abwino nthawi zambiri.
Koma, mosaganiziridwa bwino, gulu lokhalo lomwe lingathe kuyanjanitsa dziko lapansi, monga wolemba amatchulira nthawi zonse, silisiya kukula pakusalinganika, kupanda chilungamo, kusayanjanitsika komanso malingaliro okhawo okhudzidwa ndi malingaliro okhala ndi chuma.
Choncho, Kuwerenga Fromm lero ndikulimbikira pa zowerengera, pakusaka kwenikweni maziko a chisangalalo kuti ngakhale atha kukhala mawonekedwe ochepa chabe, sizikugwirizana ndi kukhutitsidwa ndi kuthupi, komwe kumakhala kopanda tanthauzo.
Mabuku atatu apamwamba kwambiri a Erich Fromm
Luso la Kukonda
Munjira yake yopanga umunthu, Fromm adadzipereka kuti alembe bukuli pamaziko achikondi. Kumapeto kwa buku longa ili palibe kuchitira mwina koma kufikira kulingalira mozama pazomwe tikumvetsetsa lero ndi chikondi.
Ngati iwo omwe amati chikondi chokhazikika, chokhazikika kapena chowonjezeka ngati china, ayenera kuvomereza kuti chikondi ichi, chomwe chimamveka ngati chothandizana nawo mwachinyengo kwambiri, sichiri chenicheni pakapita kanthawi kochepa.
Ngati malingaliro okhudza mnzakeyo atha, zimakhala ngati kuti chikondi sichinakhaleko. Ndipo nthawi yonse yomwe timagwiritsa ntchito ikungowononga nthawi.
Kuphatikiza apo, chikondi chimafikira abale, kwa makolo, ku malingaliro. Chikondi chomwe chimaperekedwa kwa okhawo omwe akupikisana nawo, kwa wamba, kwa ephemeral sichigwirizana ndi nthawi yomwe amakhala ndi kulemera kwazofunikira ... Sikuti wolemba akufuna kufotokoza chomwe chikondi chiri kapena sichiri kapena momwe mungakondere molondola .
Koma zikuwonekeratu kuti zomwe zimapilira ngakhale zili zonse ndichisonyezo chachikulu cha chikondi, kusamutsidwa kwa gawo lamoyo lomwe mu chikondi chodzikonda kwambiri ndi nkhani yokhayokha yomwe imangonenedweratu kuseri kwa chikhumbo chakukhumba. Nkhani yowerenga, kuyeza ndi kuganiziranso zinthu zambiri mopanda tsankho kuti lingaliro lina liyenera kukhala lolakwika pazifukwa zake.
mantha ku ufulu
Buku lazamakhalidwe abwino kwambiri, ntchito yake yoyamba yopambana pamene wolemba anali atakwanitsa zaka 40. Chifukwa uwu ndi m'badwo womwe, monga ungatanthauziridwe kuchokera pazolemba za Dante Alighieri: «Kutalika kwa moyo, m'nkhalango yamdima ndinadzipeza ndekha chifukwa njira yanga inali itatayika », amadzipatsa yekha kuti apende zomwes nthawi yanthawi yayitali komanso tsogolo, popanda zolemetsa zaunyamata wopupuluma komanso ngongole zazikulu za ukalamba.
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yothetsera mfundo zophatikizidwa m'magulu amakono yomwe idapangidwa m'zaka za zana la XNUMX pakati pamikangano yomwe ikubwerayi komanso chiyembekezo chachikulu cha iwo omwe amadziwa bwino kugulitsa lingaliro la ufulu. Ndikukhudzana pakati pa chiyembekezo chotsimikizika komanso chiyembekezo chosamveka chosintha, wolemba amatsegulira malingaliro athu pamavuto akutukuka kwathu lero.
Maboma akuwoneka kuti ali ndi mlandu wokhala ndi maulamuliro ankhanza kwambiri monga fascism kapena capitalism yankhanza, imodzi yoopsa kwambiri monga inayo.
Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri ndikudzipereka kwa umunthu, kuvomereza tsogolo ngati njira yopitira patokha, koposa zonse, kulingalira zakunyansidwa ndi kuperekedwa kwa iwo omwe adalonjeza kufanana ndi chilungamo, mwachidule, pang'ono alibe ufulu.
Matenda abwinobwino
Kukayikira kangati komwe kumatizunza pofotokoza tanthauzo lazikhalidwe. Kuyanjana pakati pa kusiyana kumeneku padziko lonse lapansi komwe kumadziwika ndi munthu m'modzi m'modzi ndi malingaliro amisala, malingaliro, malingaliro sikungakhale kosavuta munthawi zosiyanasiyana kapena kwathunthu.
Kulimbana pakati pazomwe ziyenera kukhala ndi zomwe zili mkati mwathu kumatha kutsogolera kusokonekera, ndikukhulupirira kuti tidzakhala opanda dongosolo lomwe limakhazikitsidwa ndi zofunikira ndi zizolowezi zachuma zomwe zimafuna kudzipereka kwathu kwathunthu.
Kwa Fromm, kusayanjanitsika, komwe kumawunikidwa kuchokera pakuwunika kwa psychoanalysis, kumathera pofotokozera zamatendawa ngati mkhalidwe weniweni wamaganizidwe.
Ndipo chowonadi ndichakuti zitsanzo zake zowerengeka komanso zitsanzo zake mwatsatanetsatane zimamveketsa bwino zofooka zomwe zimayikidwa nthawi zambiri chifukwa chantchitoyo kukhala gawo komanso gawo lathunthu lomwe liyenera kukhala lomwe lingaloze malo osiyana kwambiri .
