ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื• ืื•ืžื‘ืจืœ

ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื“ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื•ืชืš ืกื•ืคืจ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืืกืชื˜ื™ืงื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืงืกืฆื ื˜ืจื™ืช, ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืžืจื“ ื ืขื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ืฉืžืจ ื•ื”ืชืืจืš ืขื“ ื”ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช. ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ืกืคืจื“ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื ื• ืงืžื™ืœื• ื—ื•ืกื” ืฆืœื” y ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื• ืืžื‘ืจืœ. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ื”ื™ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ื—ื•ืชื ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืก ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.

ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜, ืื•ืžื‘ืจืœ ืชื™ื›ื ืก ืœื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื›ืžื™ ืฉื—ื•ืฆืคืŸ ืฉืคืœื˜ "ื‘ืืชื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื™" ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื‘ืคืจื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื™ื.

ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืฉื‘ื• ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื’ื™ื ื”ื•ื—ืœืคื• ื‘ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืงื ื™ื ื•ืจื•ื“ื™ื, ื‘ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื˜ื•ืžื˜ืžื•ืช ื•ื—ืฆื•ืคื•ืช ืžื”ืจื™ืงื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืื•ืžื‘ืจืืœ ืฆื“ืงื” ืœื›ืขืก ื›ื™ ืฉื, ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ื, ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื• ...

ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืื ืงื“ื•ื˜ื” ืฉืฉื•ืจื“ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืช, ื“ื•ืŸ ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื• ืืžื‘ืจืœ ื˜ื™ืคื— ืžืขื™ืŸ ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ืžืชื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื ื™ืžื•ืกื™ื. ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ื–ื ืžื ื•ืงื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ ื”ืขืžืžื™, ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืžืฉืชื ื”, ื”ื ื™ื•ืื ืก ืœืœื ื‘ื•ืฉื” ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ. ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืกื•ื—ืคืช, ืขื ืขื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืืกืชื˜ื™ ืฉืžืื–ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ืกืจ, ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™, ื”ืกืจืงืกื˜ื™. ืชืžื”ื™ืœ ืฉื–ื™ื›ื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื”ื›ืจื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ื›ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื˜ื•ืจ ื•ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.

3 ื”ืจื•ืžื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืžืœืฆื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื• ืื•ืžื‘ืจืœ

ื ื™ืžืคื•ืช

ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืœื’ืฉืช ืืœ ื’ืŸ ื”ืขื“ืŸ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื•ืช, ืื• ืœื™ืชืจ ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ, ืืœ ืื•ืชื” ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืฉืœื‘ ื”ื–ื—ืœ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ื• ืื ื• ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ื˜ืฉื™ื ืืช ืขื•ืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื•ืช. ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืงืกื ื•ื”ืชืคื›ื—ื•ืช, ืžื‘ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ.

ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ื–ื” ืื ื• ืžื’ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืฉืคื•ืš, ื‘ืฉืคืชื• ื”ืžืขื•ื“ื ืช ืืš ื”ืขืžื•ืงื”, ืžืคืœ ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื•ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ืฉืื‘ื“, ืขื ืื•ืชื” ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืžืœื ื›ื•ืœื™ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืช, ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื‘ื” ืœื™ืœ ืงื™ืฅ ืคืฉื•ื˜. ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฆื™ืฅ ืืœ ื”ื ืฆื—.

ืจื˜ืจื•ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืžืกืข ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช, ืืš ื—ื“ื•ืจืช ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช ื‘ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ื•ืคื™ื•ืก ืขื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืฉื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืื• ืคื—ื•ืชื” ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื•.

ื ื™ืžืคื•ืช ื”ืกืฃ

ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœืืฉืชื™

ืžืื– 1959, Umbral ื—ืœืงื” ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื” ืขื ืžืจื™ื” ืืกืคื ื™ื™ื”. ื™ื—ื“ ื”ื ืกื‘ืœื• ืžื”ืฆืขืจ ื”ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื ื ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื—ืžืฉ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1968.

ืžื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•-ืงื™ื•ื ืฉื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืกืขืจืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืชืจื™ื, ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื• ืื•ืžื‘ืจืœ ื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืคื•ืจืกื ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืชื• ื•ืฉืžืขืœ ื”ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื‘ื— ืืช ืžืจื™, ื”ืขืœื” ืื•ืชื” ืœืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช, ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืจืžื” ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœืื”ื‘ื” ืฉื ืžืฉื›ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ื.

ื”ืคืจื•ื–ื” ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืฉื™ื—ื” ื•ืžื‘ืจื™ืงื” ืœื”ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืงืจื ื™ื ื”ืœื™ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”, ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ืœืจื•ืžืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™, ืžื’ื“ืœื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื–ื•ื’ ืฉืžื—ืคืฉ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื• ืžื—ื™ื” ืœื“ื• ืงื™ื•ื.

ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœืืฉืชื™

ื”ื’'ื•ืงื•ื ื“ื•

ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื• ืื•ืžื‘ืจืœ, ื ืœื”ื‘ ืœืžื“ืจื™ื“ ื•ืžื”ืชื•ืš-ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื, ื‘ื•ื”ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืงื ื™ื ืœื™ืœื™ื™ื, ืžืฆื™ืข ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ื–ื” ืงื•ืกืžื•ืก ืคื ื˜ืกื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื“ืจื™ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื”. ืงื˜ืขื™ื ืฉืœ ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืขืชื™ืงื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื•ืฉืืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืืกื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื—ืœื™ืงื• ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื”ื“ืจืช ื‘ืกื•ื’ ื›ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื“ืงื“ื ืก ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื“ื—ื™ื.

Si ืขืžืง ื”ืื™ื ืงืœืŸ ื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื’ืจื•ื˜ืกืงื™, ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกืฃ ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ื–ื”, ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืคื•ืกื˜-ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ. ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืขืœ ื“ืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขืจื›ื™ื ืงืœืืกื™ื™ื ืืœื ืขืœ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื”ื. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ื™ื ืœืžื“ืจื™ื“ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื, ืื ื• ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื’'ื•ืงื•ื ื“ื• ื•ืฉืœืœ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ ืฉืœ ืขื‘ืจ ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจื—ื•ืง, ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื”ื•ืช ืœืจื’ืข ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื•, ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืื”ื‘ื” ืœื™ืœื™ืช.

ื”ื’'ื•ืงื•ื ื“ื•
5 / 5 - (6 ื”ืฆื‘ืขื•ืช)

2 ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืขืœ "ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื• ืื•ืžื‘ืจืœ"

ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉ Akismet ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ื“ื•ืืจ ื–ื‘ืœ. ืœืžื“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื”ืขืจื” ืฉืœืš.