3 ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืช ืžืจื™ืืŸ ืื™ื–ื’ื•ืืจ

ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืžืจื™ืืŸ ืื™ื–ื’ื•ืืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื“ื•ืคืง ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื•. ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื™ืจื•ืจื’ื™ืช, ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื•ืžืŸ ืื ื• ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจืชืช ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉื ืขื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืžื” ื”ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืžื• ืžื”ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขืชื™ื“ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”, ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืžื” ื”ืจื•ืžื–ืช ืœื™ืงื•ืžื™ื ืžื˜ืืœื™ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื• "ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉืœื ื•".

ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืงืจื™ื ื‘ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืจื™ืืŸ ืžื ืฆืœืช ืืช ืื•ืชื• ื—ืฆื™ ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืžื” ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกื™ืข ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืฆืœืœื™ื, ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ื‘ื–ืง ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื•ื“ืœื•.

3 ื”ืจื•ืžื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืžืœืฆื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืช ืžืจื™ืืŸ ืื™ื–ื’ื•ืืจ

ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉืœื ื•

ืืชืžื•ืœ, ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉืงื•ืข ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืืคืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืชื™ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ืœ ืžืกืจื™ื— ื‘ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžื“ื‘ื™ืง ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืชืงื•ื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื“.

ืืš ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช ืื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืชืงื•ืคื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื 1936-1951, ื›ืฉื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ื”ื“ื™ืงื˜ื˜ื•ืจื” ืžืงืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื. ืœื•ืœื” ื•ืžื˜ื™ืืก ืžืื›ืœืกื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืžืœื ื›ื•ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื—ื ื•ืช ืกืคืจื™ื ื™ืฉื ื”, โ€‹โ€‹ื›ืžื˜ืืคื•ืจื” ืœื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืจืง ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืžืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ืคื™ืš.

ื‘ื“ืจืš ืขื“ ืฉื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื”ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœื•ืœื ื•ืžื˜ื™ืืก ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื—ืฉื•ื›ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื”ื ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืžื—ื™ื ืœืขื•ืจืจ. ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื” ืฉืœ ืืœื™ืก ืœื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืืช ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื’ื™ืฉื” ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื, ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ ืœืงืจื™ืื” ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช.

ืื‘ืœ ืœื•ืœื” ื•ืืœื™ืก ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืžืคืชื™ื” ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื ืžื“ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื ... ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืืœื™ืก, ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ื”ืคืชืขื” ืฉืœ ืœื•ืœื” ื‘ื”ืชื”ื•ื•ืช ืฉืชืฉื‘ืฉ ืืช ื›ืœ ืงื™ื•ืžื”, ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืขืจืคื™ืœื™ื ืฉืžื˜ื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืืช ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื” ...

ืื—ืจื™ ื—ื•ืจืคื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื

ื›ืฉื”ืงืกื ื”ื–ื” ืœื’ื•ืจืœ ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืื‘ื“ื•ืŸ, ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžืคื ื” ืฉื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืš, ืื ื• ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืจื•ืžืŸ ืžืจืชืง. ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื›ืคืฉืข ืฉืœ ืชืฉื•ืงื” ืขื ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื™ืฉ, ืœืœื ืกืคืง, ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืขื ืžืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื—ื™ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื—ื™ื“.

ืจืฆื— ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ ืžื˜ืœื˜ืœ ืืช ืžื“ืจื™ื“ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืฉื™ื: ืื™ืฉื” ื ืจืื™ืช ืžืชื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืคื•ืืจ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ืข ืกืœืžื ืงื”. ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืคืฉืข ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1959, ืขืœ ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื ืœื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืœื‘ืื•, ื”ืชืื”ื‘ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื”ื ืจ ืืจื ื’ื•ืจืŸ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื›ื‘ืœื ืกื™ืื’ื” ื•ื”ืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืคืขืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”, ื‘ืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื ื• ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื•ืกื•ืคืจ ืฉืืคืชืŸ, ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœืจืฆื™ืฃ ืœื“ื•ื’ ื›ืœ ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื.

ื ื’ืจืจืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื”ื‘ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืกื•ื’ืœื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื ืจ ื•ืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ืจื—ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ ืœืžื“ืจื™ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ: ื”ื•ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกื•ืคืจ ืžืฆืœื™ื—, ื•ื”ื™ื, ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืฉืžืœื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื™, ื”ืฉืืคืชื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ ื”ืงืฉื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืžืจื ื™ืช ื™ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืคืชื•ื— ืกื“ืงื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืชืคืกื™ื ืืฆืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’. ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืกืคืจื“ ื•ืžืชื— ืงื‘ื•ืข ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื—ื•ืงืจ ื’ื ืืช ื–ืจืžื™ ื”ืžื—ืชืจืช ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ื”, ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืชืคื™ืจื”. ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ื•ื‘ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื ืฉื™.

ืื—ืจื™ ื—ื•ืจืคื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื

ื”ืืจื™ื” ื”ื™ืฉืŸ

ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืกืคืจื“, ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆืœืœื™ื ืฉืœื”, ืžื ื•ืงื“ืช ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืชื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœืฉืœืœ ื”ืขื™ืžื•ืชื™ื, ื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช, ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืื• ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช.

ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืกืคืจ ืืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ืื• ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื›ืš ื ืจืื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชื’ืœื” ืจื•ืžืŸ ื›ืžื• ื–ื” ื”ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืจื™ืฃ, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืืกื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœื•, ืงืจื‘ ื‘ื• ื™ืฆืื• ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื—ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื•ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืจื•ืžืŸ ื–ื” ืžื ืฆืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืคื’ืžื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ื•ืขื•ืžืกื™ื ... ื›ืฉืคื‘ืœื• ืคืจืจ ืžืกื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืฉ ืขื ืœื•ืกื™ื” ืื•ืกืžืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ ืขื™ื™ืฃ ืขื ื ืฉืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืคืกื™ื“ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ื”ืžืจืื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ืžืžืœื™ืœื”, ื‘ืช ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืฉืžื•ื ื™ื, ืžืขื•ืจืจืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืœื”ื˜ืชื• ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื”.

ืœื•ืกื™ื” ืžืกืคืจืช ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”, ื•ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื ืขืจืช ืžืกื˜ื™ื–ื• ื”ืžืชื•ืงื” ืฉื ืžื›ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื‘ื™ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื•ืฉืช, ืฉื ืชืคืกื• ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื™ืคื ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื“ื•ื ื• ืœืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ืจื”. ื›ื” ืžืจื•ืชืงืช ืžืกื™ืคื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืงื ื” ื”ื–ื•, ืฉื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ื™ื ืžืกืคืงืช ืืช ืžืคืชื—ื•ืช ืกื•ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืฉ, ื”ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืฆื‘ื ื•ืœืžืžืฉืœืช ืกืคืจื“ ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”, ืขืœ ื”ืืกื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ืชื™, ื”ืงืจื‘ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื ืขืจืš ื‘ื• ื”ืจื™ืฃ ืฉืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื‘ื•ืกื” ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช.

ื’ืจืกื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ื”ืžืจื’ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืžืืช ืžืจื™ืืŸ ืื™ื–ื’ื•ืืจ, ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืžื•ืจื“ื•ืช ื”ืจื™ืฃ, ืžืฉื ืชื™ ืœื ืื“ื•ืจ. ืฉื, ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ืืœื” ื•ื‘ืงื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืœื•ืกื™ื”, ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืžื” ืฉืกืคืจื™ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืจืฆื• ืœืฉื›ื•ื—.

ื”ืืจื™ื” ื”ื™ืฉืŸ
5 / 5 - (13 ื”ืฆื‘ืขื•ืช)

ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉ Akismet ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ื“ื•ืืจ ื–ื‘ืœ. ืœืžื“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื”ืขืจื” ืฉืœืš.