1850 - 1893… I ke ʻano o maupassant a ma o ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ʻana i kāna kiʻi moʻokalaleo, aia kekahi mea o ka contradict stark ma waena o ka ulu ʻana mai ke kiʻi o kona makuakāne a me kona hoʻololi ʻana i loko o ka stereotype paternal o kahi ʻano misogynistic.
ʻO kāna mau kūlana koʻikoʻi i kahakaha ʻia e ka make o kona kaikaina a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o kona mau mākua i alakaʻi iā ia i kahi nānā kino make e kūpono pono me kahi kūlohelohe i hoʻoholo ʻia e hana i nā pilikia me ka ʻike maoli ʻia e like me ka pala o ka ʻuhane ma waena o ka pilikia o nā loina a me nā lula.
El kūlohelohe lanakila i loko o kona wā hana, ma ke ʻano he capital i kēia manawa e Zola, loaʻa ma ʻO Maupassant kekahi pou i kona hiʻohiʻona pessimistic a i ka manawa like i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i kēlā manaʻo kuhihewa o ka mea kākau iā ia iho ma ka pena ʻana i ka manaʻo hoʻowahāwahā ʻia o ke kū nei i kahi honua i hoʻonele ʻia ka nani o ke aloha.
Akā ke kuhi nei i kēlā hiʻohiʻona contradictory o ka Maupassant i ka hōʻaiʻē i kāna wā kamaliʻi hauʻoli ʻole, ʻike pū mākou i kāna mau moʻolelo i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka mea kupaianaha, i kahi hoʻonohonoho Gothic i hoʻoilina ʻia mai. Poe Poe.
pela ʻO ka heluhelu ʻana iā Maupassant i kēia lā kahi hoʻolauna i ka puke moʻolelo kokoke loa i ka honua i kāna moʻolelo mua loa a i ʻole i mua o ka lua hohonu o ka ʻuhane i nā moʻolelo kūlohelohe i hope akā me nā aloha aloha i hope. Hele pū kēia me kahi hopena ʻē aʻe o ke kenekulia XNUMX, i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o kahi kaiāulu hana i ka wanaʻao o ka lele mua loa i ka kapitalism.
ʻO nā puke kiʻekiʻe ʻekolu a Guy de Maupassant i ʻōlelo ʻia
Poepoe kiʻekiʻe a me nā moʻolelo ʻē aʻe
No kahi kikowaena, nāna i makemake mau i ka mea ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hyper-realism, ke ʻike nei i kēlā leo he loiloi hou ia o kahi Maupassant kahi i kau ʻia ai nā lepili ʻē aʻe o ka noʻonoʻo nui.
Paʻi ʻia no ka manawa mua ma kahi o 1880, ka moʻolelo e alakaʻi ai i kēia compendium e kono iā mākou i kahi huakaʻi kūikawā no kekahi mau huapalapala i haʻalele i kahi ʻāpana hakakā ma Palani ma 1870. I ko lākou lele ʻana, ʻike koke lākou i kā lākou scapegoat kikoʻī ma luna o ka nānā ʻana i kāu ka huhū a me ke kaumaha.
ʻO ka poepoe o kahi kiʻekiʻe kahi wahine i kū i ka huakaʻi e like me ka odyssey o ka pettiness kanaka. A ʻo nā mea āpau e hana ana ma kēlā huakaʻi e pau i ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka mea ʻoi loa o ka mea hiki iā mākou ke lilo, ka haʻalele ʻana i nā loina no ke ola a me ka hiki ke lanakila i nā lawehala maikaʻi loa me ka hoʻokamani liʻiliʻi.
Hele pū ka moʻolelo nui a 10 mau moʻolelo hou aʻe (ka hale Tellier, Mademoiselle Fifi, nā hale kupapaʻu, ka moena 29, hoa aloha o Patience, ʻO kēlā puaʻa no Morin, He lā ma ka ʻāina, ka hewa o ʻAnakala Boniface, Ka lei a me ka ʻelemakule. ), nā moʻolelo o nā mea liʻiliʻi akā ʻo ia, e like me ke kāʻei maikaʻi, e hele pū me ʻoe.
ʻO Vendetta a me nā moʻolelo weliweli ʻē aʻe
Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā moʻolelo i loaʻa kahi exuberant i ka make, hoʻomanaʻo koke mākou i ka Poe i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna. A ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo Maupassant kahi mamao loa mai Poe a ke hoʻomau nei naʻe i ka like o ka hoʻolālā.
ʻO ka melanolia o kekahi a i ʻole mea kākau ʻē aʻe paha i loko o nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa sinist, decadent. ʻO ka hana ʻino o ka make i kekahi o kāna mau hiʻohiʻona i lawe ʻia ma aneʻi ke kino ikaika o ka maopopo o ko mākou ʻano kanaka a kū i mua me ka wiwo ʻole i kau ʻia.
I ka hopena, ʻo ka nexus o ka hui ʻana ma waena o kekahi a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ka manaʻo pupule o ko mākou manawa palena, me nā moʻo o ka manaʻo o kekahi a i ʻole kekahi mea kākau e noho ana i ko lākou mau ʻuhane e hōʻike ʻia i nā moʻolelo i kahi kokoke loa, e like me ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. nā kia o nā mākēneki nona iho. manaʻo o ke ola.
Bel ami
I kekahi manawa me he mea lā ua kākau ʻia kēia moʻolelo i kahi ʻokoʻa i kā Dasas hana aloha nui, ʻo The Count of Monte Cristo.
Aia kekahi mea o ka hoʻopaʻi hohonu me kahi kanaka e hoʻohuli i kāna makemake a me kāna makemake i loko o ka hoʻopaʻi lyrical, e like me ka hihia me ka Count. No ka mea i loko o kēia moʻolelo ʻike mākou i ka mea hoʻowahāwahā ʻia ʻo Georges Duroy, ka mea i hele mai mai nā kolone i ke kūlanakauhale nui o Farani. A loaʻa iki iā mākou kahi kāne hiki i nā mea āpau no ka ulu hilahila ʻole loa.
ʻO ke koa o nā ʻuhane ʻino a me nā makemake kekeʻe loa. ʻO kekahi o nā antagonist nui mua i kūleʻa, Cynical a me Stoic i ke ana like, e kūʻai aku ʻo George i kona ʻuhane i kēlā me kēia manawa i ka diabolō o nā hoʻowalewale hoʻoweliweli e ukali wale i kāna ala i ka hanohano o ka lapuwale.
