ʻO ka guild heterogeneous a i ʻole ʻo ke kālepa a ka mea kākau ka mea ʻoi loa o nā mea āpau. Ke ʻike nei e makemake ʻoe e haʻi i kahi mea a ʻoi aku ʻoe a ʻike paha pehea e haʻi ai i ke ala ʻoiaʻiʻo loa e lilo i mea kākau. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe āpau iaʻu, ʻaʻohe pili pono. I kēia mau lā ʻike wau i kahi ʻano o "nā kula kākau" e hoʻolaha, e like me ka ʻōlelo a koʻu kupuna kāne curmudgeon: kahi wahine, ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe.
Hele mai kēia mau mea āpau, ʻoiai ʻaʻole nui loa, e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kekahi o nā mea nui e like me ʻO Italo Calvino Hōʻoia ia ka maxim a ka mea kākau i hana ai, akā hana iā ia iho. ʻAʻohe mea i aʻo ʻia iā ʻoe iho ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e kākau no ka mea. Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i nā kumuwaiwai a i ʻole nā manaʻo, inā makemake ʻoe i ke kākoʻo a i ʻole ka hoʻoikaika ʻana, e hoʻolaʻa iā ʻoe iho i kahi mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻAe ua pololei kaʻu ʻōlelo ʻana ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui, ʻo Italo Calvino, ʻaʻole loa ia e noʻonoʻo i kahi mea kākau ke aʻo ʻo ia i ka ʻenehana, e like me kona makuakāne. He mau manawa wale nō ma hope, ma hope o ke Kaua Honua ʻElua, ua loaʻa ʻo ia i wahi ma ke ʻano he mea kākau moʻolelo hoʻoponopono i ka manawa like i lilo i hoihoi i ka Palapala.
Aia he ʻelua Calvinos, ʻekolu a ʻehā paha (lawe wau i ka lua). I ka manawa mua ua makemake ʻo ia e hōʻike i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kaua a me hope o ke kaua. Mea maʻamau i ka mālamalama o kahi ʻano atrocious maoli. Akā i mau makahiki ma hope e ʻike ʻo ia i kāna ala kūleʻa loa: moemoeā, alegory, ʻoluʻolu ...
A hiki i kona luhi ʻana i kēlā loli maikaʻi a hoʻopau ʻia i ka surealism, ʻo ia ka mea a mākou i waiho ai a kokoke i ka hopena a ʻike i ka hoax āpau. ʻO ka hoʻi ʻana i ka essay a me ka pilikanaka ma ke ʻano he hanana o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ua pani ʻo ia i kāna mau makahiki kākau ma mua o ka hahau ʻana i hoʻopau iā ia i ka makahiki 1985.
3 nā puke i paipai ʻia e Italo Calvino
Ka naita noho ʻole
Hiki iā mākou ke noʻonoʻo i kēlā moʻolelo Andersen e pili ana i nā lole Hou o ka Emepera. ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi ke ʻae aku i ko lākou mōʻī ua haʻalele ka lole iā ia a hiki i ka manawa e hōʻike ai ke keiki ... Hiki ke hoʻomau ʻia i ka hoʻopunipuni i kekahi manawa, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻoi aku ma mua o kahi kaʻao hilarious a me ka maikaʻi e wehe ai i ko mākou mau maka ...
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo: ʻO Agilulfo Emo Bertrandino o ka Guildivernos a me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o Corbentraz a me Sura, ʻo Knight o Selimpia Citerior a me Fez, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, he naita o ka ʻaha o Charlemagne, ke koa loa, kūpaʻa, hoʻonohonoho pono, kū kānāwai ... akā ʻ! …. ʻaʻohe ia, ʻaʻole ia. I loko o kāna mea kaua ʻaʻohe mea, ʻaʻohe mea.
Hoʻāʻo ʻo ia; hoʻāʻo e "lilo" ... akā ... ʻaʻohe mea ... ʻaʻole hiki ke hele aʻe mai kēlā "ʻole" a i kahi kekelē ʻē aʻe. i hoʻokahi, a ʻo ka naita he wahine ia, a me nā pūʻali koa o Charlemagne ... huakaʻi i ke kaua honua ma hope o ke kaua.
ʻO ka baron ākea
He ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻo Cosimo nāna e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻoholo koʻikoʻi ʻaʻole e iho i lalo mai kahi lāʻau mai ka huhū o ke keiki. Ke paʻakikī nei ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi moʻolelo mai laila mai, me ka manawa liʻiliʻi o ke kūleʻa ... waiho ʻoe iā Calvino, nāna i noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kēlā ala, no ka mea e pau ana kāna hōʻike ʻana iā mākou me kahi moemoeā kupaianaha, ke ʻano e waiho ana i kahi māka a kahi pono ...
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo: I kona manawa he 12 mau makahiki, ʻo Cosimo Piovasco, ʻo Baron o Rondo, i kahi kipi kūʻē i ka hana hoʻomāinoino o ka ʻohana, piʻi i luna i kahi lāʻau ʻoka ma ka māla o ka hale o kona makuakāne. I kēlā lā hoʻokahi, Iune 15, 1767, ua hālāwai ʻo ia me ke kaikamahine a ka Marquises o Ondarivia a hoʻolaha i kona manaʻo ʻaʻole e iho i lalo mai nā kumu lāʻau.
Mai ia manawa a hiki i ka hopena o kona ola, kūpaʻa ʻo Cosimo i kahi aʻo āna i kau ai iā ia iho. Hana ʻia ka hana kupaianaha i ka hopena o ke kenekulia ʻumikūmāhiku a i ka wanaʻao o ka ʻumikūmāiwa ʻumikūmāiwa.
Komo ʻo Cosimo i loko o ka French Revolution a me nā hoʻouka kaua Napoleonic, akā me ka haʻalele ʻole i kēlā mamao kūpono e ʻae iā ia e lilo i loko a i waho o nā mea i ka manawa like.
ʻO ka hapalua viscount
ʻO ka fable ka mea i loaʻa iā ia, hōʻike ia iā mākou i ka mea hiki ʻole i ke kanaka, i ka hanohano nui o ka hiki ʻole. A ke hoʻololi ʻia i ka wā e hiki ʻole ai i nā mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻopau i ka nānā hou aku iā ia mai ka noho kaʻawale ʻana.
A i kēlā manawa, kahaha a ʻike ʻole i ke koena o nā kūlana o kā mākou ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki iā mākou ke huki i nā hopena hope loa. ʻO Bravo no nā kaʻao a me ko lākou hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ko mākou noʻonoʻo o ka prejudices a me preconceptions.
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo: ʻO ka Demed Viscount ʻo Italo Calvino i hele mua i loko o ka mea kupaianaha a me nā mea maikaʻi. Hōʻike ʻo Calvino i ka moʻolelo o ka Viscount o Terralba, ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale ʻelua ʻia e kahi pūkuniahi mai nā Turks a nona nā ʻāpana ʻelua i hoʻomau i ka noho kaʻawale. ʻO ka hōʻailona o ke kūlana kanaka i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, hele ʻo Medardo de Terralba e holoholo ma waena o kāna mau ʻāina.
Ke hala nei, ʻike ʻia nā pears e kau ana i nā kumulāʻau a ʻelua a ʻāpana. "Ke haehae nei kēlā me kēia hui ʻana o nā mea ʻelua i ka honua," wahi a ka hapa maikaʻi ʻole o ka viscount i ka wahine āna i aloha aloha ai.
Akā he maopopo he hapa hapa ia? Ke hāpai nei kēia fable hanohano i ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kanaka holoʻokoʻa, ka mea i hana mau ʻia i kekahi mea ʻoi aku ma mua o ka huina o kāna hapa. Hōʻiliʻili au i loko o kēia puke i ʻekolu mau moʻolelo aʻu i kākau ai i nā kanalimakona a i kanaono mau makahiki a aia like i ka infausible a hiki i nā manawa mamao a me nā ʻāina kuhihewa.
Hāʻawi ʻia i kēia mau ʻano maʻamau, a me nā ʻano homogeneous ʻē aʻe, manaʻo lākou ʻo ia ka mea i kapa ʻia he "pōʻaiapuni", akā, he "pōʻaiapuni paʻa" (ʻo ia, pau, no ka mea ʻaʻohe oʻu manaʻo e kākau i kekahi.)
He manawa kūpono ia e hōʻike iā ia iho iaʻu e heluhelu hou iā lākou a hoʻāʻo e pane i nā nīnau a hiki i kēia manawa ua hala wau i kēlā me kēia manawa aʻu i nīnau ai iaʻu iho: no ke aha wau i kākau ai i kēia mau moʻolelo? He aha kāna i manaʻo ai? He aha kaʻu i ʻōlelo maoli ai? He aha ke kiko o kēia ʻano moʻolelo i loko o nā puke i kēia manawa?
