Gano mafi kyawun littattafai 3 na Svetlana Alexievich

Idan kwanan nan muna magana ne game da marubucin asalin Rasha Ayn Rand, a yau muna magana ne akan aikin wani marubucin tambari na asalin asalin Soviet, Belarushiyanci Svetlana Alexevich, sabo lambar yabo ta nobel ga adabi a shekarar 2015.

Kuma na kawo ta zuwa wannan sararin da ke haɗa ta da Rand saboda dukansu suna tsara ayyukan kwatanci dangane da fifikon su fiye da labarin. Rand ya ba da gudummawar hangen nesan sa kuma Svetlana ya ba mu ƙarin hangen zaman jama'a a cikin waƙoƙin ta.

A cikin duka biyun tambayar ita ce ta kusanci ɗan adam a matsayin ainihin abin da za a iya haɓaka ƙulli na tunani ko makirci azaman ingantattun tarihin waɗanda daga ainihin, lokacin da ba cikakkiyar gaskiya ba, nemi wannan farmaki akan sani.

Svetlana Alexievich ta yi littafin tarihin ta babban wasan kwaikwayo na zamantakewa wanda jigon shima yana da wuri, idan ba duk abin da aka bincika tare da juzu'in aikin jarida ba ya ƙare zama wanda ya cancanta a cikin shari'arsa ta wannan takaddar ta dace da karatun mai karatu.

Ko ta yaya, Alexievich ba makawa ce mai mahimmanci don kammala taƙaitaccen tarihin panorama na ƙasashen da suka haɗa da Tarayyar Soviet, game da tushensa a cikin karni na 20 wanda ya dade har ma a cikin waɗannan sassan kuma ya haifar da tunanin gama gari a cikin bambancin sabbin al'ummomi masu tasowa.

Manyan littattafan da aka ba da shawarar 3 na Svetlana Alexievich

Muryoyi daga Chernobyl

Wanda ba a sa hannu ba yana da shekaru 10 a ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 1986. Ranar mara dadi da duniya ke gabatowa ga mafi yawan bala'in nukiliya. Kuma abin ban dariya shine ba bam ɗin da yayi barazanar cinye duniya a cikin Yaƙin Cacar Baki wanda ya ci gaba da yin barazana bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II.

Tun daga wannan ranar Chernobyl ya shiga ƙamus na mugun abu Kuma har ma a yau, kusanci ta hanyar rahotanni ko bidiyo da ke yawo akan intanet game da babban yankin wariya yana da ban tsoro. Yana game Kilomita 30 na yankin da ya mutu. Kodayake ƙaddarar “matattu” ba za ta iya zama mafi rikitarwa ba. Rayuwa ba tare da jin daɗi ba ta mamaye wuraren da mutane suka mamaye a baya. A cikin sama da shekaru 30 tun bayan bala'in, ciyayi sun ci nasara akan kankare kuma an san namun daji na cikin mafi aminci da aka taɓa sani.

I mana daukan hotuna zuwa radiation har yanzu latent ba zai iya zama lafiya ga rayuwa ba, amma rashin sanin dabba yana da fa'ida anan idan aka kwatanta da mafi girman yiwuwar mutuwa. Mafi munin abin da ya faru a kwanakin nan bayan bala'in ba shakka shi ne sihiri. Tarayyar Soviet ba ta ba da cikakken ra'ayi game da bala'in ba. Kuma a cikin al'ummar da ke zaune a yankin, ji na watsi da shi ya bazu, wanda ke da kyau a cikin jerin HBO na yanzu game da taron. Ganin nasarar da aka samu a cikin jerin, ba zai taɓa yin zafi ba don dawo da littafi mai kyau wanda ya dace da wannan bita na irin wannan bala'i na duniya. Kuma wannan littafi yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da gaskiyar ta kasance shekaru masu haske daga almara. Domin labaran waɗanda aka yi hira da su, shaidun ƴan kwanaki waɗanda kamar an dakatar da su a cikin ɓangarorin zahirin gaskiya wanda wani lokaci ke rufe rayuwarmu, sun haɗa da wannan sihirin gabaɗaya.

Abin da ya faru a Chernobyl shine abin da waɗannan muryoyin ke faɗa. Lamarin ya faru ne saboda kowane irin dalili, amma gaskiyar ita ce tarin sakamakon da haruffan wannan littafin suka ruwaito, da kuma wasu da yawa waɗanda ba za su iya samun murya ba. Rashin hankali wanda wasu mazauna suka fuskanci abubuwan da suka faru waɗanda suka dogara da sigogin hukuma suna tayar da hankali. Gano gaskiyar yana burgewa kuma yana firgita sakamakon da wannan duniyar da ke tattare da cibiya mai karfi ta fashe don canza fuskar wannan yankin shekaru da yawa masu zuwa. Littafin da muke gano masifar makomar wasu mazauna garin da aka yaudare kuma aka fallasa su da cuta da mutuwa.

Muryoyi daga Chernobyl

Ƙarshen Homo Soviéticus

Kwaminisanci ko mafi girman sabanin tunanin ɗan adam. Aikin zuwa ga haɗin kan aji da adalci na zamantakewa ya zama babban bala'i.

Matsalar ta ta'allaka ne akan gaskata cewa ɗan adam yana da ikon yin abin da manyan fa'idodin kwaminisanci suka sanar a matsayin maganin zaman jama'a. Domin an yi watsi da ɓangaren ɓarna na iko a cikin 'yan hannaye kuma na dindindin. A ƙarshe ya kasance game da, kamar yadda zamu iya ganowa a cikin wannan littafin, kwaminisancin dakin gwaje -gwaje, keɓewar keɓaɓɓe wanda Aleksievich ya cire daga fassarar tambayoyin tare da mazaunan wannan tsarin abin tsoro.

A cikin labarun da suka shuɗe, babu shakka, amma ɗaruruwan shedu masu rai har yanzu daga wani mummunan lokaci. Wasu ƙoƙarin sassauta lamarin, kamar su Gorbachev nasa perestroika, sun kasa rage tasirin tsarin tare da mummunan muguntar mulkin kama -karya ya zama bai dace da ci gaba ba. Ƙarshen wancan Homo Soviéticus shine cewa tartsatsin juyin halitta ya farka daga rashin ƙarfi na kewaye duniya zuwa tsarin halaka.

Ƙarshen Homo Soviéticus

Yaki ba shi da fuskar mace

Wataƙila kawai ɓangaren da kwaminisanci ke aiwatarwa cewa daidaito daidai yake a cikin mafi munin yanayin sa, kamar yaƙin. Domin a cikin wannan littafin mun sami nassoshi game da matan da ke aiki a gaba ɗaya kamar na mutanen da suka mamaye Red Army.

Kuma wataƙila duk waɗancan, maza da mata, sune waɗanda ke da ƙaramin dalilin zuwa yaƙi. Domin bayan Hitler a sararin sama, Stalin yana a baya. Makiyan bil'adama a kowane bangare. Kadan ko babu fatan sakamako mai kyau a yayin nasara. Kuma waɗancan matan da ke yin aikin soja na duhu ba su sani ba har yanzu ba su san babban abin da ya saɓa musu ba.

Saboda tsarin zai sake sayar da ra'ayin kare mahaifarsa, zai daukaka darajar Soviet na daidaito da kuma kare da ake bukata na matsayin da aka samu. Ga Soviets, yakin duniya na biyu ya kasance filin yaƙi mai ban mamaki tare da makiya na gaske da mugayen fatalwa waɗanda suka duhuntar da duk wani bege.

Yanayi mai cike da tashin hankali iri-iri, rashin bege da ta'addanci. Sabbin shaidun da marubucin ya samo don tabbatarwa, daga farkon fashewar hangen nesa na mata, bala'in bala'i, mafi munin yaƙe-yaƙe sun bazu a wani babban filin yaƙi da ake kira USSR. Kuma duk da komai, Alexievich ya cire abin da ya zama dole a cikin ɗan adam daga jimlar tarihin kuma yana farkar da tunanin da ya fi girma a cikin kowane nau'in wahala da rashin tausayi.

Yaki ba shi da fuskar mace
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